Irrigation is the application of controlled water to plants and involves various methods depending on the crop and environment. The main types are surface irrigation, micro-irrigation, drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and center pivot irrigation. Surface irrigation involves distributing water over a field via gravity through methods like basin, border, and furrow irrigation. Micro-irrigation and drip irrigation are low-pressure methods that place water directly in the plant root zone to minimize water waste. Sprinkler irrigation distributes water through a network of pipes and sprinklers similar to rainfall. Center pivot irrigation rotates an arm in a circular pattern to water crops. Subsurface irrigation methods deliver water below ground.

1. All About Irrigation

2. Definition
Irrigation is the application of controlled amounts of water to plants at needed intervals.
Irrigation helps to grow agricultural crops, maintain landscapes, and revegetate
disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of less than average rainfall. Irrigation
also has other uses in crop production, including frost protection, suppressing weed
growth in grain fields and preventing soil consolidation. In contrast, agriculture that
relies only on direct rainfall is referred to as rain-fed or dry land farming.

3. Types of Irrigation
Surface irrigation
Micro-irrigation
Drip irrigation
Sprinkler irrigation
Center pivot
Irrigation by Lateral m
Lawn sprinkler syste
Hose-end sprinkler
Subirrigation
Subsurface textile
irrigation

4. Surface Irrigation
Surface irrigation stands for a large group of irrigation methods in which water is
distributed by gravity over the surface of the field (note: surface irrigation does not
include spate irrigation). The three most common methods are basin irrigation, border
irrigation and furrow irrigation.

5. Types of Surface Irrigation
Basin irrigation
Drainback Level Basins
Furrow irrigation
Surge irrigation
Bay/border strip
irrigation

6. Micro-irrigation, also called localised irrigation, low volume
irrigation, low-flow irrigation, or trickle irrigation is an irrigation
method with lower pressure and flow than a traditional sprinkler
system. Low volume irrigation is used in agriculture for row crops,
orchards, and vineyards. It is also used in horticulture in
wholesale nurseries, in landscaping for civic, commercial, and
private landscapes and gardens, and in the science and practice
Micro Irrigation

7. Drip irrigation is a type of micro-irrigation system that has the potential to save
water and nutrients by allowing water to drip slowly to the roots of plants, either
from above the soil surface or buried below the surface. The goal is to place
water directly into the root zone and minimize evaporation. Drip irrigation
systems distribute water through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, and
emitters. Depending on how well designed, installed, maintained, and operated
Drip Irrigation

8. Types of Drip Irrigation
Porous Soaker Hose Systems
Emitter Drip System
Watermatic Drip System
Micro Misting Sprinklers

9. An Irrigation sprinkler is a device used to irrigate agricultural crops,
lawns, landscapes, golf courses, and other areas. They are also used for
cooling and for the control of airborne dust. Sprinkler irrigation is the
method of applying water to a controlled manner in that is similar to
rainfall. The water is distributed through a network that may consist of
pumps, valves, pipes, and sprinklers. Irrigation sprinklers can be used for
residential, industrial, and agricultural usage.
Sprinkler irrigation

10. Center-pivot irrigation, also called water-wheel and circle irrigation, is a
method of crop irrigation in which equipment rotates around a pivot
and crops are watered with sprinklers. A circular area centered on the
pivot is irrigated, often creating a circular pattern in crops when viewed
from above . Most center pivots were initially water-powered, and today
most are propelled by electric motors.
Center pivot

11. Irrigation by Lateral move
Center-pivot irrigation, also called water-wheel and circle
irrigation, is a method of crop Our Electrogator and Alumigator
lateral move systems receive the same high quality materials and
attention-to-detail engineering as the rest of our irrigation line.
They also have enough custom features to match your exact

12. Lawn sprinkler systems
An Irrigation sprinkler is a device used to irrigate agricultural crops, lawns, landscapes, golf
courses, and other areas. They are also used for cooling and for the control of airborne dust.
Sprinkler irrigation is the method of applying water to a controlled manner in that is similar to
rainfall. The water is distributed through a network that may consist of pumps, valves, pipes,
and sprinklers. Irrigation sprinklers can be used for residential, industrial, and agricultural usage.

13. Subirrigation
Subirrigation also known as seepage irrigation, is a method of irrigation where
water is delivered to the plant root zone The excess may be collected for reuse.
Subirrigation is used in growing field crops such as tomatoes, peppers, and
sugar cane in areas with high water tables such as Florida and in commercial
greenhouse operations.
Three basic types of subirrigation system are in general use for potted plants in
greenhouses: ebb-and-flow (bench-mounted enclosures holding pots are filled
and then drained); trough (water is flowed through bench-mounted, slightly

14. Subsurface Textile Irrigation (SSTI) is a technology designed specifically for
subsurface irrigation in all soil textures from desert sands to heavy clays. Use of
SSTI will significantly reduce the usage of water, fertilizer and herbicide. It will
lower on-going operational costs and, if maintained properly, will last for
decades. By delivering water and nutrients directly to the root zone, plants are
healthier and have a far greater yield.
It is the only irrigation system that can safely use recycled water or treated
water without expensive “polishing” treatment because water never reaches the
surface.
Subsurface textile irrigation

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