2. !! Particle Model of Matter!!
1) Particles are always moving
2) Particles move faster when heated
3) There is always space in between them
4) All matter is made of particles
5) Particles are attracted to each other
6. Concentration
The amount of solute in a solvent in a particular amount of area. The more
solute, the higher concentration. The less solute, the lower the
concentration.
11. What the Saturation Point Depends on
The saturation point depends on 3 points: Temperature (the higher the
temperature, the faster the solvent particles go and the more space in
between) Type of solute or solvent (different sized gaps between different
liquids) and the amount of solute in the solvent.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Temperature
Type
Amount
12. Viscosity
The friction between particles within a substance. The higher the viscosity,
the more friction there is and the lower the viscosity, the less friction
(honey- high viscosity/water- low viscosity)
13. How Temperature Affects Viscosity
The warmer the air or the substance is, the lower the viscosity. Why?
Because when the particles are heated, the particles start moving faster and
faster and so it is easier to flow.
14. Density
Density is the mass per unit of volume. Easier way is to use the triangle:
To find out a
number, cover
the one you
Mass want to find. If
Density you cover M- it’s
Volume M DxV if you cover
D or V, it is M/V
or M/D
D V
15. Why Fluids are Less Dense when
Heated
When particles are heated, they are “hot” and are repelled from each other.
And so, there is more space in between and the particles are further away
from each other
Cooled Heated
…………………………… . . . . . . . ...
…………………………… .. . . . ………
…………………………… . . . . ..
…………………………… .. …. . .
…………………………... .. . . .. . .
16. Buoyancy
Is the upwards force created by fluids
The more dense something is, the more easy to float (if something is less
dense than another object, it will float and vice vera.
The colder the water is, the denser it is.
17. Why is Gas easier to compress than
liquid?
Gas particles are spaced out and the attraction is very low and so when they
are spaced out, they have lots of space between particles. Water does not
have as much space, more particles. And so air is easier to compress
18. Pascal’s Law
When pressure is applied on a fluid in a container, the pressure is transmitted
equally in every direction.
F (force (N))
P
A
(pressure)
(area)
19. Why is there is more pressure when you
go deeper down into a fluid?
Particles from the top of the water all the way down becomes heavier and
heavier because all the weight from the layers on top of it are weighing the
particles down/
22. T-Chart
Hydraulic Pneumatic
-Uses water -Uses air
How they are similar: They both use fluids under pressure
23. I Can’s…
• I can give examples of fluids in household materials.
Cleaning supplies, Water, etc.:
• I can give examples of fluids in technological devices.
Vacuums (air), sinks (water) etc.:
• I can give examples of fluids in living things.
Humans (water), etc.:
• I can give examples of fluids in natural environments.
Rivers, ponds, air, snow, etc.:
• I can explain WHMIS symbols for labelling substances.
Yellow Triangle: Caution, Orange Diamond: Warning, Red Octagon: Danger
• I can describe the safety precautions to follow when handling, storing and
disposing of substances.
Yes
24. More I Can’s…
• I can give examples of materials that are turned into fluids in order to facilitate
transport, processing or using them.
So it is easier to move around
• I can identify properties of fluids that are important for their use.
It can be in any shape or form so it is easy to work with
• I can explain the difference between pure substances, mixtures and solutions, and
give an example of each.
Pure substance: only one substance. Mixture: a mix of particles. Solutions: particles dissolved
within another substance (solute and solvent)
• I can investigate the solubility of different materials.
The warmer it is, the less there is and the easier it is will affect the solubility. Vice versa
• I can describe the concentration of different materials.
The more dense, the more concentrated
• I can identify factors that affect solubility.
Temperature, amount and the ability to dissolve affect solubility
25. Even More I Can’s…
• I can identify factors that affect the rate of dissolving a solute in a solvent.
Stirring, temperature etc.:
• I can explain the particle model of matter.
All matter made up of particles, particles are attracted to eachother, particles move
faster when heated, there is always space in between and they are always moving!
• I can compare fluids based on viscosity.
Viscosity basiclly = amount of friction between particles
• I can describe the effect of temperature on liquid flow.
Because there is more space and area the particles take and so it flows faster.
• I can calculate density based on a formula.
M,D,V
• I can explain the difference in density of solid, liquid and gas, using the particle model.
Solid= particles close; liquid=particles have attraction but not enough; gas= lots of space and
no attraction.
26. That’s all the I can’s!
• I can describe ways to alter the density of a fluid.
Heat or cool, type of fluid
• I can describe pressure as a force per unit area.
F (N), P (Pa), A (m2)
• I can describe how fluids under pressure are used in everyday situations.
Sinks, needles etc.:
• I can interpret technologies based on flow rate and viscosity.
Slanted ramp to see how fast each fluid goes
• I can describe technology which moves fluid from one place to another.
Aerosol cans, water bottles etc.:
• I can construct a device that used fluids to apply force or control motion.
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