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CHAPTER ONE American Nurses Association’s
definition of nursing reflects:
The Nursing Profession o Nursing process o Historical perspective
– Assessment – Industrialization
– Nursing diagnosis – Florence Nightingale
– Planning o Holistic needs
– Implementation – Attributes
– Evaluation – Cost management
– Nurse Informatics
o Patient vs. client
– Autonomy
o Health care team – African American
o Cultural influences – Mexican American and
Hispanic
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Knowledge Populations Health Care Management
Explosion
o The client
o Scientific principles and – Knows more about
concepts medical needs
– Knows more about options o Length of stay
The nurse as:
o Critical thinking –Takes legal action for
undesired outcomes o Out-of-hospital care Coordinator
o Problem-solving skills Referral agent
o Disparities in health care o Mergers
o HIPAA (Health Insurance
Portability and Interdisciplinary
Accountability Act, 1996)
Collaboration
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Trends The Impact of the Aging
Population on the
o Aging providers Health Workforce in the United
o Aging clients States:Summary of Key Findings
The average age of the RN population in 2000 was 45.2 years (in The so-called “baby boom” generation (people born between
1983 it was 37.7 years)[1]
Only 9% of RNs are under the age of 30 years[1] 1946 and 1964) is already having
Only 18.3% of RNs are under the age of 35 years[1] an effect on the health care system and it is expected to grow as
Only 37.7% of RNs are under the age of 40 years.[1] the century progresses. The
http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2009-02-15-nursing- number of Americans age 65 and older (35 million in 2000) will
shortage_N.htm rise by more than 19 million to
Nursing Educators 54 million by 2020. From 2000 to 2050, the number of older
adults will increase from 12.5% to 20% of the U.S. population.
 Cost of doctoral
http://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/impact_of_aging_excerpt.pdf
 Aging Programs March 2006
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2. 8/25/2009
oThe diploma, a 2-3 year experience was more common before the
1970s, when there were more than 800 diploma schools in existence.
Professional Nursing Education There are now less than 100 such schools. A diploma experience
prepares students for work in a hospital or other inpatient facility.
o Entry-level education Depending on your career aspirations, this may or may not seem
Diploma programs limiting to you.
Associate’s degree programs oThe 2-year Associate Degree focuses more on technical skills
Baccalaureate degree programs
than theory and is often a stepping stone to the BSN. It allows a
Graduate degree entry programs
student to become a Registered Nurse and earn money more
o Advanced practice education quickly than a 4-year BSN program, so it works better for many
Master’s degree programs students.
Doctoral degree programs
oThe 4-year BSN is preferred by most nursing leaders and
o Continuing education
provides the best opportunities in today's job market. If you look
in the classifieds, you'll find that a BSN is a requirement for
many positions.
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Continuing Education for RN’s Continuing Education for RN’s
Completion of one of the following will be required:
1) National certification or re-certification by a national 7) 15 contact hours of continued education and developing and
credentialing body recognized by the Board conducting a nursing continuing education presentation or
2) 30 contact hours of continued education presentations totaling a minimum of five contact hours,
3) Completion of a Board approved refresher course including program brochure or course syllabi, objectives, date
4) Completion of a minimum of two semester hours of post- and location of presentation, and approximate number of
licensure academic education related to nursing practice attendees
5) 15 contact hours of continued education and completion of a 8) 15 contact hours of continued education and 640 hours of
nursing project as principal investigator or co-investigator to active practice within previous 2 years “contact hour” means fifty
include statement of problem, project objectives, methods, date of (50 - 60) minutes of an approved, organized learning experience
completion and summary of findings the board has a listing of recognized providers of continued
6) 15 contact hours of continued education and authoring or co- education
authoring a nursing-related article, paper, book or book chapter
http://www.ncbon.com/content.aspx?id=664
http://www.ncbon.com/content.aspx?id=664
Professional Nursing Practice Key Principles of Nursing
o Nursing is in transition, and the nurse must remain
Standards of professional nursing
current to meet tomorrow’s demands.
o Professional nursing organizations o Nursing is client focused.
o Professional nursing roles o Nursing involves prevention of illness, promotion of
– Caregiver – Communicator health, maintenance of health, and comfort in dying.
– Advocate – Manager o Nursing is team focused to give a holistic approach
– Critical thinker – Researcher to the management of individualized clients.
–Teacher – Rehabilitator o Nursing is an autonomous practice of research-
o Challenges based expertise that uses scientific principles to
guide daily practice.
o Nurses gather data daily to contribute to research to
further advance the profession.
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3. 8/25/2009
Key Principles of Nursing Key Principles of Nursing
o Nursing values the highest standard of care o Health is the maximization of the potential
possible and is based on standards that guide the improvements possible within the limitations that
profession. the individual possess and includes a balance of
o Nurses hold other nurses responsible and should spiritual, physical, and mental aspects.
mentor them as needed. o All registered nurses take the same licensing
o Roles of nurses are varied, complex, and evolving examination (NCLEX-RN) no matter what level of
with new technologies and research advances. education they use for entry-level practice.
o The client is a multidimensional individual who o Professional organizations assist in the development
has unique needs that affect health care and maintenance of the standards of practice.
outcomes. o Ongoing education is valued, expected, and required
for continued licensure.
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