Ghent wikipedia

1. Ghent
Gent
Municipality
View of Ghent from the Cathedral with
Belfry of Ghent and Saint Nicholas
church visible
Flag
Coat of arms
Location in Belgium
Ghent in the province of East
Flanders
Coordinates: 51°3′N 3°44′E
Country Belgium
Ghent
Ghent (/ɡɛnt/; Dutch: Gent pronounced [ɣɛnt] ( listen); French: Gand pronounced [ɡɑ̃] ( listen)) is
a city and a municipality in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is the capital and largest city of the
East Flanders province, and the second largest municipality in Belgium, after Antwerp.[2] The city
started as a settlement at the confluence of the Rivers Scheldt and Leie and in the Late Middle Ages
became one of the largest and richest cities of northern Europe, with some 50,000 people in 1300.
It is a port and university city.
The municipality comprises the city of Ghent proper and the surrounding towns of Afsnee,
Desteldonk, Drongen, Gentbrugge, Ledeberg, Mariakerke, Mendonk, Oostakker, Sint-
Amandsberg, Sint-Denijs-Westrem, Sint-Kruis-Winkel, Wondelgem and Zwijnaarde. With
260,467 inhabitants in the beginning of 2018,[3] Ghent is Belgium's second largest municipality by
number of inhabitants. The metropolitan area, including the outer commuter zone, covers an area
of 1,205 km2 (465 sq mi) and has a total population of 594,582 as of 1 January 2008, which ranks
it as the fourth most populous in Belgium.[4][5] The current mayor of Ghent, Daniël Termont, leads
a coalition of the Socialistische Partij Anders, Groen and Open VLD.
The ten-day-long Ghent Festival (Gentse Feesten in Dutch) is held every year and attended by
about 1–1.5 million visitors.
History
Middle Ages
Early modern period
19th century
20th century
Geography
Neighbouring municipalities
Climate
Tourism
Architecture
Museums
Restaurants and culinary traditions
Festivities
Nature
Economy
Transport
Road
Rail
Public transport
Trams
Buses
Cycling
Sports
Notable people
International relations
Twin towns – sister cities
See also
Ghent
Coordinates: 51°3′N 3°44′E
Contents

2. Community Flemish
Community
Region Flemish
Region
Province East Flanders
Arrondissement Ghent
Government
• Mayor (list) Daniël
Termont (sp.a)
• Governing party/ies sp.a-Groen,
Open VLD
Area
• Total 156.18 km2
(60.30 sq mi)
Population (1 January 2017)[1]
• Total 259,083
• Density 1,700/km2
(4,300/sq mi)
Postal codes 9000–9052
Area codes 09
Website www.gent.be
(http://www.g
ent.be/)
References
Bibliography
External links
Archaeological evidence shows human presence in the region of the confluence of Scheldt and Leie
going back as far as the Stone Age and the Iron Age.[6]
Most historians believe that the older name for Ghent, 'Ganda', is derived from the Celtic word
ganda which means confluence.[6] Other sources connect its name with an obscure deity named
Gontia.[7]
There are no written records of the Roman period, but archaeological research confirms that the
region of Ghent was further inhabited.
When the Franks invaded the Roman territories from the end of the 4th century and well into the
5th century, they brought their language with them and Celtic and Latin were replaced by Old
Dutch.
Around 650, Saint Amand founded two abbeys in Ghent: St. Peter's (Blandinium) and Saint Bavo's
Abbey. The city grew from several nuclei, the abbeys and a commercial centre. Around 800, Louis
the Pious, son of Charlemagne, appointed Einhard, the biographer of Charlemagne, as abbot of both
abbeys. In 851 and 879, the city was however attacked and plundered twice by the Vikings.
Within the protection of the County of Flanders, the city recovered and flourished from the 11th century,
growing to become a small city-state. By the 13th century, Ghent was the biggest city in Europe north of
the Alps after Paris; it was bigger than Cologne or Moscow.[8] Within the city walls lived up to 65,000
people. The belfry and the towers of the Saint Bavo Cathedral and Saint Nicholas' Church are just a few
examples of the skyline of the period.
The rivers flowed in an area where much land was periodically flooded. These rich grass 'meersen'
("water-meadows": a word related to the English 'marsh') were ideally suited for herding sheep, the
wool of which was used for making cloth. During the Middle Ages Ghent was the leading city for cloth.
The wool industry, originally established at Bruges, created the first European industrialized zone in
Ghent in the High Middle Ages. The mercantile zone was so highly developed that wool had to
be imported from Scotland and England. This was one of the reasons for Flanders' good
relationship with Scotland and England. Ghent was the birthplace of John of Gaunt, Duke of
Lancaster. Trade with England (but not Scotland) suffered significantly during the Hundred
Years' War.
The city recovered in the 15th century, when Flanders was united with neighbouring
provinces under the Dukes of Burgundy. High taxes led to a rebellion and eventually the
Battle of Gavere in 1453, in which Ghent suffered a terrible defeat at the hands of Philip the
Good. Around this time the centre of political and social importance in the Low Countries
started to shift from Flanders (Bruges–Ghent) to Brabant (Antwerp–Brussels), although
Ghent continued to play an important role. With Bruges, the city led two revolts against Maximilian of Austria, the first monarch of the House of
Habsburg to rule Flanders.
History
Ghent in 1775
Middle Ages
De Kouter in Ghent in 1763 by Engelbert van
Siclers
Early modern period

3. In 1500, Juana of Castile gave birth to Charles V, who became Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain.
Although native to Ghent, he punished the city after the 1539 Revolt of Ghent and obliged the city's
nobles to walk in front of the Emperor barefoot with a noose (Dutch: "strop") around the neck; since
this incident, the people of Ghent have been called "Stroppendragers" (noose bearers). Saint Bavo
Abbey (not to be confused with the nearby Saint Bavo Cathedral) was abolished, torn down, and
replaced with a fortress for Royal Spanish troops. Only a small portion of the abbey was spared
demolition.
The late 16th and the 17th centuries brought devastation because of the Eighty Years' War. The war
ended the role of Ghent as a centre of international importance. In 1745, the city was captured by
French forces during the War of the Austrian Succession before being returned to the Empire of Austria
under the House of Habsburg following the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748, when this part of
Flanders became known as the Austrian Netherlands until 1815, the exile of the French Emperor
Napoleon I, the end of the French Revolutionary and later Napoleonic Wars and the peace treaties
arrived at by the Congress of Vienna.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, the textile industry flourished again in Ghent. Lieven Bauwens, having
smuggled the industrial and factory machine plans out of England, introduced the first mechanical
weaving machine on the European continent in 1800.
The Treaty of Ghent, negotiated here and adopted on Christmas Eve 1814, formally ended the War of
1812 between Great Britain and the United States (the North American phase of the Napoleonic Wars).
After the Battle of Waterloo, Ghent and Flanders, previously ruled from the House of Habsburg in
Vienna as the Austrian Netherlands, became a part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands with the northern Dutch for 15 years. In this period,
Ghent established its own university (1816)[9] and a new connection to the sea (1824–27).
After the Belgian Revolution, with the loss of port access to the sea for more than a decade, the local economy collapsed and the first Belgian trade
union originated in Ghent. In 1913 there was a world exhibition in Ghent.[9] As a preparation for these festivities, the Sint-Pieters railway station was
completed in 1912.
Ghent was occupied by the Germans in both World Wars but escaped severe destruction. The life of the people and the German invaders in Ghent
during World War I is described by H. Wandt in "etappenleven te Gent". In World War II the city was liberated by the British 7th "Desert Rats"
Armoured Division and local Belgian fighters on 6 September 1944.
After the fusions of municipalities in 1965 and 1977, the city is made up of:
I Ghent
II Mariakerke
III Drongen
IV Wondelgem
V Sint-Amandsberg
VI Oostakker
VII Desteldonk
VIII Mendonk
IX Sint-Kruis-Winkel
X Ledeberg
XI Gentbrugge
XII Afsnee
XIII Sint-Denijs-Westrem
XIV Zwijnaarde
Buildings along the Leie river in the
city of Ghent
The Palace of Justice in Ghent, c.
1895
19th century
20th century
Geography

4. The climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is
adequate rainfall year-round. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system,
Ghent has a marine west coast climate, abbreviated "Cfb" on climate maps.[10]
Climate data for Ghent (1981–2010 normals, sunshine 1984–2013)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average
high °C (°F)
6.2
(43.2)
7.0
(44.6)
10.8
(51.4)
14.5
(58.1)
18.1
(64.6)
20.6
(69.1)
23.0
(73.4)
22.9
(73.2)
19.7
(67.5)
15.3
(59.5)
10.1
(50.2)
6.5
(43.7)
14.7
(58.5)
Daily mean
°C (°F)
3.4
(38.1)
3.8
(38.8)
6.8
(44.2)
9.4
(48.9)
13.2
(55.8)
15.9
(60.6)
18.1
(64.6)
17.9
(64.2)
14.9
(58.8)
11.2
(52.2)
7.0
(44.6)
4.0
(39.2)
10.6
(51.1)
Average low
°C (°F)
0.7
(33.3)
0.4
(32.7)
2.7
(36.9)
4.5
(40.1)
8.3
(46.9)
11.1
(52)
13.2
(55.8)
12.8
(55)
10.2
(50.4)
7.2
(45)
3.9
(39)
1.5
(34.7)
6.4
(43.5)
Average
precipitation
mm (inches)
70.7
(2.783)
56.2
(2.213)
61.5
(2.421)
50.6
(1.992)
63.1
(2.484)
74.3
(2.925)
77.4
(3.047)
84.2
(3.315)
74.2
(2.921)
81.7
(3.217)
82.7
(3.256)
82.2
(3.236)
858.8
(33.811)
Average
precipitation
days
12.6 10.8 12.0 10.1 11.1 10.5 10.3 10.0 10.9 12.1 13.4 13.0 136.8
Mean
monthly
sunshine
hours
61 79 123 172 204 196 209 196 144 118 66 50 1,618
Source: Royal Meteorological Institute [11]
Wachtebeke
Lochristi
Destelbergen
Melle
Merelbeke
De Pinte
Sint-Martens-Latem
Deinze
Nevele
Lovendegem
Evergem
Zelzate
Municipalities
Neighbouring municipalities
Climate

5. The Graslei is one of the most scenic places in Ghent's old city centre
Much of the city's medieval architecture remains intact and is remarkably well preserved and restored.
Its centre is a carfree area. Highlights are the Saint Bavo Cathedral with the Ghent Altarpiece, the
belfry, the Gravensteen castle, and the splendid architecture along the old Graslei harbour. Ghent has
established a blend between comfort of living and history; it is not a city-museum. The city of Ghent
also houses three béguinages and numerous churches including Saint-Jacob's church, Saint-Nicolas'
church, Saint Michael's church and St. Stefanus.
In the 19th century Ghent's most famous architect, Louis Roelandt, built the university hall Aula, the
opera house and the main courthouse. Highlights of modern architecture are the university buildings
(the Boekentoren or Book Tower) by Henry Van de Velde. There are also a few theatres from diverse
periods.
The beguinages, as well as the belfry and adjacent cloth hall, were recognized by UNESCO as World
Heritage Sites in 1998 and 1999.
The Zebrastraat, a social experiment in which an entirely renovated site unites living, economy and
culture, can also be found in Ghent.
Campo Santo is a famous Catholic burial site of the nobility and artists.
Important museums in Ghent are the Museum voor Schone Kunsten (Museum of Fine Arts), with
paintings by Hieronymus Bosch, Peter Paul Rubens, and many Flemish masters; the SMAK or Stedelijk
Museum voor Actuele Kunst (City Museum for Contemporary Art), with works of the 20th century,
including Joseph Beuys and Andy Warhol; and the Design Museum Gent with masterpieces of Victor
Horta and Le Corbusier. The Huis van Alijn (House of the Alijn family) was originally a beguinage and
is now a museum for folk art where theatre and puppet shows for children are presented. The Museum
voor Industriële Archeologie en Textiel or MIAT displays the industrial strength of Ghent with
recreations of workshops and stores from the 1800s and original spinning and weaving machines that
remain from the time when the building was a weaving mill. The Ghent City Museum (Stadsmuseum,
abbreviated STAM), is committed to recording and explaining the city's past and its inhabitants, and to
preserving the present for future generations.
In Ghent and other regions of East-Flanders, bakeries sell a donut-shaped bun called a "mastel" (plural "mastellen"), which is basically a bagel.
"Mastellen" are also called "Saint Hubert bread", because on the Saint's feast day, which is 3 November, the bakers bring their batches to the early
Mass to be blessed. Traditionally, it was thought that blessed mastellen immunized against rabies.
Tourism
Architecture
The Gravensteen
Historical centre of Ghent – from left
to right: Old post office, Saint-
Nicholas Church, Belfry, and Saint
Bavo Cathedral.
Ghent at Night
Museums
Restaurants and culinary traditions

6. Other local delicacies are the praline chocolates from local producers such as Leonidas, the cuberdons or 'neuzekes' ('noses'), cone-shaped purple
jelly-filled candies, 'babelutten' ('babblers'), hard butterscotch-like candy, and of course, on the more fiery side, the famous 'Tierenteyn', a hot but
refined mustard that has some affinity to French 'Dijon' mustard.
Stoverij is a classic Flemish meat stew, preferably made with a generous addition of brown 'Trappist'
(strong abbey beer) and served with French fries. 'Waterzooi' is a local stew originally made from
freshwater fish caught in the rivers and creeks of Ghent, but nowadays often made with chicken instead
of fish. It is usually served nouvelle-cuisine-style, and will be supplemented by a large pot on the side.
The city promotes a meat-free day on Thursdays called Donderdag Veggiedag[12][13] with vegetarian
food being promoted in public canteens for civil servants and elected councillors, in all city funded
schools, and promotion of vegetarian eating options in town (through the distribution of "veggie street
maps"). This campaign is linked to the recognition of the detrimental environmental effects of meat
production, which the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization has established to represent
nearly one-fifth of global greenhouse gas emissions.
Ghent has the world's largest number of vegetarian restaurants per capita.[14]
The traditional confectionery is the cuberdon (https://visit.gent.be/en/cuberdons) (also known as
neuzekes or little noses). These are conical sweets with a soft centre, usually raspberry but other
flavours can be found on the many street stalls around the city. Between 2011 and 2015 a feud between
two local vendors made international news.[15]
The city is host to some big cultural events such as the Gentse Feesten, I Love Techno in Flanders Expo,
the "10 Days Off" musical festival, the International Film Festival of Ghent (with the World Soundtrack
Awards) and the Gent Festival van Vlaanderen. Also, every five years, an extensive botanical exhibition
(Gentse Floraliën) takes place in Flanders Expo in Ghent, attracting numerous visitors to the city.
The Festival of Flanders had its 50th celebration in 2008. In Ghent it opens with the OdeGand City
festivities that takes place on the second Saturday of September. Some 50 concerts take place in diverse
locations throughout the medieval inner city and some 250 international artists perform. Other major
Flemish cities hold similar events, all of which form part of the Festival of Flanders (Antwerp with Laus
Polyphoniae; Bruges with MAfestival; Brussels with KlaraFestival; Limburg with Basilica, Mechelen
and Brabant with Novecento and Transit).
The city of Ghent will co-host the 2020 World Choir Games together with the city of Antwerp.[16]
Organised by the Interkultur Foundation, the World Choir Games is the biggest choral competition and
festival in the world.
The numerous parks in the city can also be considered tourist attractions. Most notably, Ghent boasts a nature reserve (Bourgoyen-Ossemeersen,
230 hectare[17]) and a recreation park (Blaarmeersen, 87 hectares).[18]
The port of Ghent, in the north of the city, is the third largest port of Belgium. It is accessed by the Ghent–Terneuzen Canal, which ends near the
Dutch port of Terneuzen on the Western Scheldt. The port houses, among others, large companies like ArcelorMittal, Volvo Cars, Volvo Trucks,
Volvo Parts, Honda, and Stora Enso.
The Ghent University and a number of research oriented companies, such as Ablynx, Innogenetics, Cropdesign and Bayer Cropscience, are situated
in the central and southern part of the city.
Riverside in Ghent
Sunset over the river Leie in Ghent
The well-known Ghent Altarpiece, a
15th century painting by Hubert and
Jan Van Eyck in Saint Bavo
Cathedral.
Festivities
Nature
Economy

7. As the largest city in East Flanders, Ghent has many hospitals, schools and shopping streets. Flanders Expo, the biggest event hall in Flanders and
the second biggest in Belgium, is also located in Ghent. Tourism is becoming a major employer in the local area. Recently a local business man
donated a substantial amount of money to have all the kerbs lowered by two inches in the city
As one of the largest cities in Belgium, Ghent has a highly developed transport system.
By car the city is accessible via two motorways:
The E40 connects Ghent with Bruges and Ostend to the west, and with Brussels, Leuven and
Liège to the east.
The E17 connects Ghent with Sint-Niklaas and Antwerp to the north, and with Kortrijk and Lille to
the south.
In addition Ghent also has two ringways:
The R4 connects the outskirts of Ghent with each other and the surrounding villages, and also
leads to the E40 and E17 roads.
The R40 connects the different downtown quarters with each other and provides access to the
main avenues.
The municipality of Ghent comprises five railway stations:
Gent-Sint-Pieters Station: an international railway station with connections to Bruges, Brussels,
Antwerp, Kortrijk, other Belgian towns and Lille. The station also offers a direct connection to
Brussels Airport.
Gent-Dampoort Station: an intercity railway station with connections to Sint-Niklaas, Antwerp,
Kortrijk and Eeklo.
Gentbrugge Station: a regional railway station in between the two main railway stations, Sint-
Pieters and Dampoort.
Wondelgem Station: a regional railway station with connections to Eeklo once an hour.
Drongen Station: a regional railway station in the village of Drongen with connections to Bruges
once an hour.
Ghent has an extensive network of public transport lines, operated by De Lijn.
Line 1: Flanders Expo – Sint-Pieters-Station – Korenmarkt (city centre) – Wondelgem - Evergem
Line 2: Zwijnaarde Bibliotheek - Sint-Pieters-Station - Zonnestraat (city centre) - Brabantdam - Zuid
- Melle Leeuw (fuse of line 21 and 22 as of May 2017[19])
Line 4: UZ - Sint-Pieters-Station – Muide – Korenmarkt (city centre) – Zuid – Moscou
Line 21: Zwijnaarde Bibliotheek - Sint-Pieters-Station – Zonnestraat (city centre) – Zuid – Melle
Leeuw (fused into line 2)
Line 22: Kouter - Bijlokehof - Sint-Pieters-Station – Zonnestraat (city centre) – Zuid – Gentbrugge
(fused into line 2)
Line 3: Mariakerke – Korenmarkt (city centre) – Dampoort – Gentbrugge (formerly a trolleybus line;
see picture below)
Line 5: Van Beverenplein – Sint-Jacobs (city centre) – Zuid – Heuvelpoort - Nieuw-Gent
Line 6: Watersportbaan – Zuid – Dampoort – Meulestede - Wondelgem – Mariakerke
Transport
Road
The R4 ringroad
Rail
Gent-Sint-Pieters railway station,
Ghent
Public transport
Trams
A HermeLijn low-floor tram in GhentBuses

8. Line 8: AZ Sint-Lucas - Sint-Jacobs (city centre) - Zuid - Heuvelpoort - Arteveldepark
Line 9: Mariakerke – Malem – Sint-Pieters-Station – Ledeberg - Gentbrugge
Line 17/18: Drongen – Malem - Korenmarkt (city centre) - Dampoort – Oostakker
Line 38/39: Blaarmeersen – Ekkergem -Korenmarkt (city centre) – Dampoort – Sint-Amandsberg
Apart from the city buses mentioned above, Ghent also has numerous regional bus lines connecting it to
towns and villages across the province of East Flanders. All of these buses stop in at least one of the
city's regional bus hubs at either Sint-Pieters Station, Dampoort Station, Zuid or Rabot.
International buses connecting Ghent to other European destinations are usually found at the
Dampoort Station. A couple of private bus companies such as Eurolines, Megabus and Flixbus operate
from the Dampoort bus hub.
Buses to and from Belgium's second airport - Brussels South Airport Charleroi - are operated by Flibco,
and can be found at the rear exit of the Sint-Pieters Station.
Ghent has the largest designated cyclist area in Europe, with nearly 400 kilometres (250 mi) of cycle paths and more than 700 one-way streets,
where bikes are allowed to go against the traffic. It also boasts Belgium’s first cycle street, where cars are considered ‘guests’ and must stay behind
cyclists.[14]
In the Belgian first football division Ghent is represented by K.A.A. Gent, who became Belgian football champions for the first time in its history in
2015. Another Ghent football club is KRC Gent-Zeehaven, playing in the Belgian fourth division. A football match at the 1920 Summer Olympics was
held in Ghent.[20]
The Six Days of Ghent, a six-day track cycling race, is held annually, taking place in the Kuipke velodrome in Ghent. In road cycling, the city hosts
the start and finish of the Omloop Het Nieuwsblad, the traditional opening race of the cobbled classics season.[21] It also lends its name to another
cobbled classic, Gent–Wevelgem, although the race now starts in the nearby city of Deinze.[22]
The city hosts an annual athletics IAAF event in the Flanders Sports Arena: the Indoor Flanders meeting. Two-time Olympic champion Hicham El
Guerrouj set a still-standing world record of 3:48.45 in the mile run in 1997.[23]
The Flanders Sports Arena was host to the 2015 Davis Cup Final between Belgium and Great Britain.[24]
Saint Bavo, patron saint of Ghent (589–654)
Saint Livinus of Ghent, (580–657)
Henry of Ghent, scholastic philosopher (c. 1217–1293)
Jacob van Artevelde, statesman and political leader (c. 1290–1345)
John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (1340–1399)
Jan van Eyck, painter (c. 1385–1441)
Hugo van der Goes, painter (c. 1440–1482)
Alexander Agricola, Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance (1445/1446–15 August 1506)
Jacob Obrecht, composer of the Renaissance (c. 1457–1505)
Pedro de Gante, Franciscan missionary in Mexico (c. 1480–1572)
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Karel V, Charles Quint (1500–1558)
Cornelius Canis, composer of the Renaissance, music director for the chapel of Charles V in the 1540s–1550s
Daniel Heinsius, scholar of the Dutch Renaissance (1580–1655)
Caspar de Crayer, painter (1582–1669)
Josse Boutmy, composer, organist and harpsichordist (1697–1779)
Frans de Potter, writer, (1834–1904)
Jan Frans Willems, writer (1793–1846)
Joseph Guislain, physician (1797–1860)
A Van Hool articulated bus in Ghent
Cycling
Sports
Notable people

9. Hippolyte Metdepenningen, lawyer and politician (1799–1881)
Louis XVIII of France was exiled in Ghent during the Hundred Days in 1815
Charles John Seghers, Jesuit clergyman and missionary (1839–1886)
Victor Horta, Art Nouveau architect (1861–1947)
Maurice Maeterlinck, poet, playwright, essayist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature (1862–1949)
Frans Rens, writer, (1805–1874)
Leo Baekeland, chemist and inventor of Bakelite (1863–1944)
Pierre Louÿs, poet and romantic writer (1870–1925)
Marthe Boël, feminist (1877–1956)
Karel van de Woestijne, writer (1878–1929)
Corneille Jean François Heymans, physiologist and recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1892–1968)
Gustave Van de Woestijne, painter (1881–1947)
Suzanne Lilar, essayist, novelist, and playwright (1901–1992)
Willy De Clercq, liberal politician and European Commissioner (1927–2011)
Jacques Rogge, former president of the IOC (born 1942)
Patrick Sercu, Belgian track cyclist (born 1944)
Gerard Mortier, Belgian opera director (born 1943)
Soulwax & 2 Many DJs, electronic/rock band headed by David and Stephen Dewaele
Gabriel Ríos, musician (born 1978)
Cédric Van Branteghem, athlete (born 1979)
Bradley Wiggins, British cyclist (born 1980)
Kevin De Bruyne, professional footballer (born 1991)
Xavier Henry, shooting guard/small forward for the NBA's Los Angeles Lakers (born 1991)
Gaelle Mys, Olympic gymnast (born 1991)
Tiesj Benoot, cyclist (born 1994)
Ghent is twinned with:[25]
Nottingham, England, United Kingdom[25][26]
Tallinn, Estonia[25]
Wiesbaden, Germany[25][27]
Kanazawa, Japan[25]
Melle, Germany[25]
Saint-Raphaël, France[25]
Mohammedia, Morocco[25]
List of Mayors of Ghent
Notes
1. Population per municipality as of 1 January 2017 (http://statbel.fgov.be/sites/default/files/files/documents/bevolking/5.1%20Structuur%20van%2
0de%20bevolking/Wettelijke_bevolking_per_gemeente_2011_2017.xls) (XLS; 397 KB)
2. Inc, IBP (2015-09-11). Belgium Investment and Business Guide Volume 1 Strategic and Practical Information (https://books.google.com.au/boo
ks?id=muXkCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA50&lpg=PA50&dq=is+also+located+in+Ghent.+Tourism+is+becoming+a+major+employer+in+the+local+area
%5C&source=bl&ots=RZa-o3h3A-&sig=HQ-gPPGvYND32zcUOqliX6dIZHQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwilkcWo1-ncAhWM62EKHXupAL4Q6
AEwAXoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=is%20also%20located%20in%20Ghent.%20Tourism%20is%20becoming%20a%20major%20employer%20
in%20the%20local%20area%5C&f=false). Lulu.com. ISBN 9781514528747.
3. Statistics Belgium; Werkelijke bevolking per gemeente op 1 januari 2009 (excel-file) (http://statbel.fgov.be/nl/binaries/Pop%20Bevolk%2001012
009_tcm325-109882.xls) Population of all municipalities in Belgium, as of 1 January 2009. Retrieved on 2010-11-28.
Emperor Charles V was born in
Ghent in 1500
International relations
Twin towns – sister cities
See also
References

10. 4. Statistics Belgium; Werkelijke bevolking per gemeente op 1 januari 2008 (excel-file) (http://statbel.fgov.be/downloads/pop200801com.xls)
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20090126165629/http://statbel.fgov.be/downloads/pop200801com.xls) 26 January 2009 at the Wayback
Machine. Population of all municipalities in Belgium, as of 1 January 2008. Retrieved on 2008-10-19.
5. Statistics Belgium; De Belgische Stadsgewesten 2001 (pdf-file) (http://www.statbel.fgov.be/pub/d0/p009n014_nl.pdf) Archived (https://web.arch
ive.org/web/20081029020131/http://www.statbel.fgov.be/pub/d0/p009n014_nl.pdf) 29 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Definitions of
metropolitan areas in Belgium. The metropolitan area of Ghent is divided into three levels. First, the central agglomeration (agglomeratie) with
278,457 inhabitants (1 January 2008). Adding the closest surroundings (banlieue) gives a total of 455,302. And, including the outer commuter
zone (forensenwoonzone) the population is 594,582. Retrieved on 2008-10-19.
6. "History of Gent" (https://web.archive.org/web/20050818043547/http://www.gent.be/gent/english/history/gesch01.htm). www.gent.be. Archived
from the original (http://www.gent.be/gent/english/history/gesch01.htm) on 18 August 2005. Retrieved 5 May 2006.
7. Adrian Room, Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features, and
Historic Sites (https://books.google.com/books/about/Placenames_of_the_World.html?id=EdmNngEACAAJ&redir_esc=y), McFarland, 2006, p.
144.
8. Nicholas, David. The Domestic Life of a Medieval City: Women, Children and the Family in Fourteenth Century Ghent. p. 1.
9. Ghent over the centuries: Concise history of a stubborn city (https://visit.gent.be/en/good-know/practical-information/why-ghent/ghent-over-cent
uries)
10. "Climate Summary for Ghent, Belgium" (http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=13460&cityname=Gent%2C+East+Fl
anders%2C+Belgium&units=). weatherbase.com. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
11. "Klimaatstatistieken van de Belgische gemeenten" (https://www.meteo.be/resources/climateCity/pdf/climate_INS44021_GENT_nl.pdf) (PDF) (in
Dutch). Royal Meteorological Institute. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
12. "Ghent's veggie day: for English speaking visitors" (http://www.vegetarisme.be/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=767) on
Vegetarisme.be
13. "Belgian city plans 'veggie' days" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8046970.stm) on BBC News (12 May 2009).
14. "Belgium breaks: The best way to see glorious Ghent? On two wheels..." (http://www.dailymail.co.uk/travel/article-2508846/Belgium-breaks-The
-best-way-glorious-Ghent-On-wheels-.html) Daily Mail. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
15. Van De Poel, Nana (22 July 2017). "A Tale of Two Cuberdon Vendors: The Story Behind Ghent's 'Little Nose War' " (https://theculturetrip.com/e
urope/belgium/articles/a-tale-of-two-cuberdon-vendors-the-story-behind-ghents-little-nose-war/).
16. "Double gold for next host country of the World Choir Games 2020/" (https://www.interkultur.com/newsroom/choir-games/details/news/double-g
old-for-next-host-country-of-the-world-choir-games-2020/). INTERKULTUR. Retrieved 2018-07-19.
17. "Nature Domain De Bourgoyen | Visit Gent" (http://www.visitgent.be/en/natuur-en-milieucentrum-de-bourgoyen). visitgent.be. Retrieved 18 May
2015.
18. "Blaarmeersen Sport and Recreation Park - Sightseeing in Ghent" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150520042928/http://www.inyourpocket.com/
Belgium/Ghent/Sightseeing/Parks-and-Gardens/Blaarmeersen-Sport-and-Recreation-Park_102502v). inyourpocket.com. Archived from the
original (http://www.inyourpocket.com/Belgium/Ghent/Sightseeing/Parks-and-Gardens/Blaarmeersen-Sport-and-Recreation-Park_102502v) on
20 May 2015. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
19. https://static.delijn.be/Images/LCD%20LW%20einde%20Bravoko_tcm3-16462.jpg
20. FIFA Confederations Cup - Olympic Football Tournament Antwerp 1920 - FIFA.com (https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/tournament=512/
edition=197008/matches/match=32276/report.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20090201211636/http://www.fifa.com/tournaments/ar
chive/tournament%3D512/edition%3D197008/matches/match%3D32276/report.html) 1 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
21. "Omloop Het Nieuwsblad race guide" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111901/http://www.teamsky.com/teamsky/home/article/26869).
Team Sky. Archived from the original (http://www.teamsky.com/teamsky/home/article/26869) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
22. Beaudin, Matthew (23 March 2013). "Storied Ghent-Wevelgem poised for a brutal edition" (http://velonews.competitor.com/2013/03/news/road/
storied-ghent-wevelgem-poised-for-a-brutal-edition_278748). VeloNews. Retrieved 22 October 2015.
23. "World records" (http://www.iaaf.org/records/by-category/world-records#results-tab-sub-men=1). iaaf.org. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
24. "Ghent to host 2015 Davis Cup Final" (http://www.daviscup.com/en/news/215021.aspx). daviscup.com. 23 September 2015. Retrieved
23 September 2015.
25. "Ghent Zustersteden" (http://www.gent.be/eCache/THE/4/216.cmVjPTEyNDIxNQ.html). Stad Gent (in Dutch). City of Ghent. Retrieved 20 July
2013.
26. "European networks and city partnerships" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120625072955/http://nottinghamcity.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=165
99). Nottingham City Council. Archived from the original (http://nottinghamcity.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=16599) on 25 June 2012. Retrieved
20 July 2013.
27. "Wiesbaden's international city relations" (http://www.wiesbaden.de/leben-in-wiesbaden/stadtportrait/partnerstaedte/index.php). Retrieved
24 December 2012.
Statue of Jacob van Artevelde
on the Vrijdagmarkt in Ghent

11. Official website (https://stad.gent) (in Dutch)
Official Tourist website (http://www.visitgent.be) (in Dutch) (in English) (in French) (in German) (in Spanish)
Flanders Tourism Website (http://www.visitflanders.com/) (in Dutch) (in French) (in German) (in Spanish) (in Swedish) (in Danish) (in Italian) (in
Czech) (in Japanese) (in Chinese)
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