CarbonNet storage site characterisation and selection process
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The CarbonNet Project has undertaken an extensive geoscience evaluation programme to identify, characterise and select prospective offshore storage sites in the nearshore Gippsland Basin, in south eastern Australia. The process builds upon basin and regional assessments undertaken at the national level, and focuses upon leads and play fairs assessed using a vast amount of geological data available from 50 years of petroleum exploration and developments in the basin. CarbonNet geoscience work has been subject to independent scientific peer reviews, and external assurance certification by Det Norske Veritas against the recommended practise for geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) J203. CarbonNet now holds five greenhouse gas assessments permits providing exclusive rights to explore, appraisal and develop a portfolio of CO2 storage sites. The project has identified a prioritised storage site capable of storing in excess of 125 Mt of CO2 for which a 'Declaration of Storage' has been prepared which demonstrates the 'fundamental determinants' and probability assessment of potential CO2 plume paths as required under Australian CCS legislation'. This webinar will be presented by Dr Nick Hoffman, CarbonNet Geosequestration Advisor, and will provide an overview of CarbonNet geoscience evaluation programme, referencing the relevant knowledge share products available on the Global CCS Institute website.
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CarbonNet storage site characterisation and selection process
- 1. CarbonNet storage site characterisation and selection process Webinar - Wednesday, 9 November 2016
- 2. Dr Nick Hoffman has over 30 years’ international oil industry experience, including substantial time with BP in Europe, and with BHP in Australia and globally. He joined CarbonNet in 2011 as part of the start-up technical team to lead the geoscience evaluation over CarbonNet portfolio of nearshore CO2 sequestration targets. Nick is an expert geophysicist, sequence stratigrapher, and basin geologist with significant experience interpreting depositional environments, structural evolution, and reservoir distribution from 3D and 2D seismic, and from well data. Nick integrates a wide range of basin data to understand the implications for long-term safe CO2 storage. Email: nick.hoffman@ecodev.vic.gov.au Geosequestration Advisor, The CarbonNet Project Dr Nick Hoffman
- 3. QUESTIONS We will collect questions during the presentation. Your Webinar Host will pose these question to the presenters after the presentation. Please submit your questions directly into the GoToWebinar control panel. .
- 4. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED The CarbonNet ProjectImage©2012Google CarbonNet Storage Site Characterisation and Selection Process: GCCSI Webinar, November 9th 2016
- 5. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND SUPPORT Funding Technical collaboration and review & many consultants, specialists and researchers
- 6. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 6 THE CARBONNET PROJECT • Jointly funded by the Australian and Victorian Governments to 2020, also supported by GCCSI • CarbonNet holds five offshore GHG Assessment Permits • A world-class storage site identified • Total Funding committed to CarbonNet $150M - approx $46M expended on securing storage sites. • Governments have committed ~$80M to CCS research since 2014 in Victoria. • Working collaboratively with industry to secure customers and investors in a CCS service
- 7. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 7 OVERVIEW • CarbonNet has concluded an extensive search process to identify the best near-term storage site in the basin • Extensive in-house geoscience work to characterise storage • External Peer Reviews to check site characteristics • Certification from Det Norske Veritas • Outcome • World-Class Reservoirs – High Injectivity (10x Gorgon) • World-Class Aquifer – No Pressure issues • World-Class Structural Storage – High Capacity (125 Mt+) • Excellent Containment • 25 man-years of storage experts (100 project man-years) + external work packages PalaeogeographyDepositional Systems Risk Reduction Detailed 3D ModellingPlay Fairways https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-storage-site-selection-and-certification-challenges-and-successes
- 8. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 8 NATIONAL CARBON TASKFORCE 2009 http://www.ret.gov.au/resources/resources_programs/nleci/cst/pages/default.aspx Gippsland Basin Offshore SALINE AQUIFERS 2009 + CO2CRC Gippsland studies + GSV CCS Programme https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-storage-site-selection-and-certification-challenges-and-successes
- 9. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 9 PORTFOLIO APPROACH 1. Strategy: Develop multiple site options in case one proves unavailable 2. Site options should share enough geology that play fairway approach is valid 3. Assess sites to ensure a potential ‘fatal flaw” does not compromise the entire portfolio 4. De-risk the project • Different types and styles of trap concept are useful • CarbonNet portfolio contains: • Structural vs Aquifer traps • Virgin structures vs depleted oil and gas fields • Intraformational vs regional seals • Basin margin vs central fairway https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-storage-site-selection-and-certification-challenges-and-successes
- 10. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 10 PLAY FAIRWAY ANALYSIS • The petroleum industry uses play fairway techniques to analyse multiple sites in one step • This cuts the per-site cost of geoscience (and engineering studies) • Key elements of the petroleum system are represented by “traffic light” maps to identify what elements are in common, and whether they are good or not • This approach is easy to adopt for CCS, with adjustment of the Key elements. Petroleum CCS Reservoir Quality Seal Quality Petroleum Charge Burial Depth (for supercriticality)RESERVOIR SEALBURIAL SUM
- 11. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 11 THE REAL ESTATE AGENTS’ GUIDE TO CCS Injectivity, Injectivity, Injectivity Capacity Commerciality Containment
- 12. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 12 WORLD-CLASS INJECTIVITY Sleipner SnØhvit Goldeneye CarbonNe t Gippsland future Gorgon Otway EOR & acid gas In Salah White RoseSurat (CtsCo) ZeroGen Permeability - k Thickness-h(metres) SW Hub 1 Mtpa 10 Mtpa100 ktpa 10 ktpa Decatur Cranfiel d K12-B Zama Lacq Fort Nelson TYPE 1 TYPE 3 TYPE 2 TYPE 2 Quest The CarbonNet project has world-class Injectivity The success and failure of injection projects is directly related to Injectivity and whether it was properly assessed before commencing the project Type 1 Reservoirs Ideal for injection, commercial onshore and offshore Type 2 Reservoirs Adequate for onshore injection, not suitable offshore Type 3 reservoirs Not suitable other than for small pilot projects onshore https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-project-site-characterisation-carbon-storage-near-shore- gippsland-basin
- 13. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 13 “BROWNFIELD” BASIN WITH ABUNDANT DATA 0 15km VIC-GIP-001 Gippsland Basin Database Data spans 50+ years – quality varies! Working in a known and prolific petroleum basin + Lots of data (open access) .- Resource interaction WELL DATA – high density • 1562 wells and boreholes in whole basin • 811 wells with basic geological data • 546 wells with relevant log data • 50 local E&P wells in Upper N.asperus Sand Fairway SEISMIC DATA • 69 X 2D surveys including GDPI10 new survey • 34 X 3D surveys – merged by 3D-GEO 3 CONTINGENT SITES • Site A : 2 wells 2D & 3D seismic • Site B : >2 wells 3D seismic • Site C : 1-3 wells 2D seismic https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-project-site-characterisation-carbon-storage-near-shore- gippsland-basin
- 14. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 14 DNV GL CERTIFICATION BEST PRACTICE: DNV-RP-J203 Certification https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-storage-site-selection-and-certification-challenges-and-successes
- 15. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 15 GOOD DEPOSITIONAL MODELS Modern coast matches original sedimentary context
- 17. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 17 PROVEN INTRAFORMATION SEALS Turrum SnapperWhiting Barracouta West East Mulloway Whiptail 20 km 2km Oil and gas pools 200-500m below top reservoir https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-project-3d-mapping-and-correlation-intraformational-seals-within- latrobe-group-nearshore-gippsland-basin
- 18. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 18 DETAILED 3D ATTRIBUTE MAPPING OF SEAL UNITS
- 19. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 19 STATIC MODELLING Models Site A Site B Site C Site D Resolution (m) 50 x 50 50 x 50 25 x 25 50 x 50 km x km 44.5 x 27.1 34.3 x 25.7 23.3 x 25.3 31 x 52 Layers 51 71 44 53 Total grid cells 24.7 million 26 million 25 million 31 million Lake Entrance thickness 124m 268m 102m 136m Cobia thickness 335m 113m 347m 302m IntraFmn seals (# layers) 100m (6) 50m (4) 80m (8) 50m (6) Halibut thick (m) 820m 243m 353m 300m 1st Generation models: 3rd Generation models – 220 layers c.80 million cells Sclumberger PETREL Oil industry standard software Good, but not cheap https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-project-site-characterisation-carbon-storage-near-shore- gippsland-basin
- 20. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 20 DYNAMIC SIMULATION Halibut Lakes Entrance(Regional Seal) EAST FLANK INJECTION - 125 Mt 25 Years 1000 Years WSW ENE Halibut Lakes Entrance(Regional Seal) 300 Years Halibut Lakes Entrance(Regional Seal) Residual Trapping 56 Mt Crest • Dynamic modelling with PETREL RE and Eclipse – oil industry standard • Simulations continued for 1000 years demonstrating secure structural storage https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-project-site-characterisation-carbon-storage-near-shore- gippsland-basin
- 21. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 21 WELL INTEGRITY Well Abandonment Details vs Formation Tops https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-project-integrity-wells-near-shore-area-gippsland-basin- victoria
- 22. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 22 RISK ANALYSIS CONSOLIDATED RISK CATEGORIES • Storage performance • Vertical Escape • Lateral Escape • Engineering performance • Accident • Approvals & Permitting Risk Class Aggregated Risk Risks dominated by Subsurface Uncertainty 1 Nearshore Approach of Plume 2 Subsurface Characterisation 3 (Crestal) Seal Integrity 4 Legacy Well Integrity Risks during Field Operations 5 Field Operations Risks relating to acceptance by regulators, stakeholders, and community 6 Regulators and Legislation 7 Stakeholders incl. Community Risks relating to design and operation of new facilities, including injection (and monitoring) wells 8 New Well Design and Operation 9 Facilities Design and Operation 10 Project Integration 166 FEP’s => 42 Storage risks => 10 Aggregated risks => 4 Risk Classes
- 23. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 23 THE PROBLEM: HOW DO WE FORECAST PLUME EXTENT? • Recent literature shows a number of projects in look-back mode comparing actual plume outcomes with earlier predictions. • These typically compare plume outline of actual vs predicted and attempt to optimise subsurface properties based on the quality of match • However, there is little work on the statistics of the match Weyburn / Vanderweijer Ketzin / Lueth Sleipner / Williams
- 24. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 24 SUMMARY OF SENSITIVITY AND UNCERTAINTY MODELLING • The Base Case static model and dynamic simulation is inherently conservative • 18 variables were varied in the SENSITIVITY study – one at a time. 33 unique* dynamic runs • 4 variables were selected as Key Uncertainty Parameters two at a time. 18 unique* runs were completed. • 52 unique runs need to be combined and analysed statistically in 2D and 3D space * Most parameters have a downside, most likely, and upside compared to the base case. A few parameters are binary on/off
- 25. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 25 COMPLEX GEOMODEL INPUT https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications - new product due for release next week
- 26. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 26 SIMPLE FLOW UNIT MODEL OUTPUT Multiple simulations and sensitivities demonstrate that a simple flow unit model is valid https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications - new product due for release next week
- 27. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 27 2D MAP METHOD • For each of the 52 unique runs the plume extent is mapped as present/absent for each point in a 2D map • This avoids over-weighting the core of the plume and neglecting low saturation fringes • The plume extents are summed at a series of key times:- • I+10 10 years after start of injection • I+25 25 years after start of injection = end injection • I+30 30 years after start of injection = nominal site closure • I+50 50 years after start of injection = current technology forecast • I+100 100 years after start of injection • I+200 200 years after start of injection • I+300 300 years after start of injection = end simulation • Long-term simulations of the base case have been continued to 1000 years to demonstrate containment https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications - new product due for release next week
- 28. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 28 PLUME P90 MAPS VS TIME https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications - new product due for release next week
- 29. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 29 P90 PATH SWEPT-OUT OVER TIME https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications - new product due for release next week
- 30. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 30 3D METHOD • For each of the 52 unique runs the plume extent is defined as present/absent for each voxel in a 3D model cube • This avoids over-weighting the core of the plume and neglecting low saturation fringes • The plume extents are summed at a series of key times:- • I+10 10 years after start of injection • I+25 25 years after start of injection = end injection • I+30 30 years after start of injection = nominal site closure • I+50 50 years after start of injection = current technology forecast • I+100 100 years after start of injection • I+200 200 years after start of injection • I+300 300 years after start of injection = end simulation https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications - new product due for release next week
- 31. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 31 I+25 (END INJECTION) https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications - new product due for release next week
- 32. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 32 I+100 https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications - new product due for release next week
- 33. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 33 I+300 (END SIMULATION) https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications - new product due for release next week
- 34. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 34 I+300 PLUME PRESENCE PROBABILITY There are high- and low-probability zones in 3D space that represent different modes of fluid flow and present targets for different types of MMV. https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications - new product due for release next week
- 35. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 35 LESSONS LEARNED • Injectivity, Injectivity, Injectivity • Systematic approach with strong process to support decisions • A good in-house Geoscience and Engineering team • Data-rich basin plus Play Fairway approach ensures viability of storage sites, but brings other resources into close proximity • Regulatory processes have been prolonged • A high level of government involvement is required at this pre-commercial stage of CCS, BUT government procurement process is not ideal for flexibility and speed
- 36. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 36 KEY OUTCOMES • Successful approach to site selection and characterisation • Exclusive access to a portfolio of sites • Independent scientific peer review and external assurance • Prioritised site has capacity >125 MT • Robustly assessed to inform a Declaration of Storage Formation under Australian regulations
- 37. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 37 GCCSI / CARBONNET KNOWLEDGE SHARE PUBLICATIONS About the Project • The CarbonNet Project: a historical perspective June 2015 https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-project-historical-perspective • The CarbonNet Project: developing a business model for a CCS hub network June 2015 https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-project-developing-business-model-ccs-hub-network • The CarbonNet Project: development of a CO2 specification for a CCS hub network May 2015 https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-knowledge-product-development-co2-specification-ccs- hub-network About Site Selection and Characterisation • The CarbonNet Project. CarbonNet storage site selection & certification: challenges and successes September 2015 https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-storage-site-selection-and-certification-challenges-and- successes • The CarbonNet Project: site characterisation for carbon storage in the near shore Gippsland Basin September 2015 https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-project-site-characterisation-carbon-storage-near-shore- gippsland-basin • The CarbonNet Project: 3D mapping and correlation of intraformational seals within the Latrobe Group in the nearshore Gippsland Basin October 2015 https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-project-3d-mapping-and-correlation-intraformational-seals- within-latrobe-group-nearshore-gippsland-basin Well integrity and Monitoring technology (MMV) • The CarbonNet Project: integrity of wells in the near-shore area Gippsland Basin Victoria October 2015 https://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/carbonnet-project-integrity-wells-near-shore-area-gippsland-basin- victoria • GipNet – Baseline environmental data gathering and measurement technology validation for nearshore marine Carbon
- 38. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED The CarbonNet ProjectImage©2012Google Thank you for your attention Please ask any questions you may have Visit GCCSI Website for CarbonNet publications CarbonNet Storage Site Characterisation and Selection Process: GCCSI Webinar, November 9th 2016
- 39. QUESTIONS / DISCUSSION Please submit your questions in English directly into the GoToWebinar control panel.
- 40. Please submit any feedback to: webinar@globalccsinstitute.com