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Occupational Health and Safety in Additive
Manufacturing
Gianandrea Gino
g.gino@sirt.it
www.sirt.it
Chemical Engineer – EHS
consultant – Certified Occupational
Hygienist – Forensic engineering
Regolamentazione
Titolo IX Sostanze pericolose
TULSS - D.Lgs. 81/2008
SICUREZZA SALUTE
Additive Manufacturing
Produzione
Lavorazione Riallestimento Pulizia Avanzi e Rifiuti
Preparazione
Setacciatura Alimentazione
Materie prime
Polveri metalliche Ausiliari
Polveri Metalliche Micrometriche
• Alluminio
• Cobalto
• Ferro
• Magnesio
• Manganese
• Rame
• Titanio
• …
Polveri
metalliche
Piroforiche
Reattive con acqua
Esplosive
Pericolo Inalazione #
Pericolo Contatto cutaneo #
Pericolo Ingestione
# and allergie per inalazione o contatto
mg/m3 SCOEL Altri ACGIH
PNOC = 3
Al 0,5
Cobalto 2019 0,02 0,02
Nichel 0,005 R 0,5 =
Mo = = =
Cr II – III 2 T 2 0,5
Ferro = 1 1
Mn 0,05 R 0,02
Inalazione | Cute | Ingestione
O2 % ATMOSFERE IPO - OSSIGENATE
19,5- 21 NORMALE
17 - 19,5 Limite inferiore respirabilità (81 - ACGIH)
12 – 17 Malessere – Intontimento – Incapacità giudizio
7 - 12 Perdita conoscenza
0 – 7 Asfissia rapida
Altri pericoli
ATMOSFERE INFIAMMABILI /ESPLOSIVE
Solventi infiammabili
Idrogeno Polveri combustibili / piroforiche
LASER
Classe 1 Classe 2 Classe 3A Classe 3B Classe 4
Sicuri Ridotta potenza Non pericolosi per
osservazione discontinua
Pericolosi per occhi
non protetti e pelle
Molto pericolosi
Ridurre i rischi - 1
Apparecchiature CE
AtEx (equipotenziali)
Atmosfere inerti No O2 - H2O No Incompatibili
(Infiammabili) No Reattivi (H2O2)
Limitare quantità – Conservare
separatamente – Identificare Recipienti
Prevenire
Dispersione Inneschi
Suole / DPI non
conduttivi - Pile -
Cellulare - …
Procedure -
Pulizia -
Raccolta - …
Rispettare le procedure
(Housekeeping is safe)
UNSAFE
Segnaletica – Istruzioni - SDS
Dispositivi Protezione (Guanti – Tuta/Camice – Occhiali – Scarpe APVR)
Controlli periodici e misure ambientali EN 689:2018
Prevenzione incendi ed emergenze (piccole e grandi)
 Info-Formazione => Addestramento => Consapevolezza 
Pensare anche agli altri: interferenze [da & verso]
Ridurre i rischi - 2
Workplace Safety and good Occupational
Health are:
I •Cost-efficient
II • Mandatory (legal and insurance requirements)
III •Ethically correct
IV •Reasonable and practicable
Gianandrea Gino
Studio di Ingegneria per il Rischio Tecnologico

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Safety in additive manufacturing

  • 1. Occupational Health and Safety in Additive Manufacturing Gianandrea Gino g.gino@sirt.it www.sirt.it Chemical Engineer – EHS consultant – Certified Occupational Hygienist – Forensic engineering
  • 2. Regolamentazione Titolo IX Sostanze pericolose TULSS - D.Lgs. 81/2008 SICUREZZA SALUTE
  • 3. Additive Manufacturing Produzione Lavorazione Riallestimento Pulizia Avanzi e Rifiuti Preparazione Setacciatura Alimentazione Materie prime Polveri metalliche Ausiliari
  • 4. Polveri Metalliche Micrometriche • Alluminio • Cobalto • Ferro • Magnesio • Manganese • Rame • Titanio • … Polveri metalliche Piroforiche Reattive con acqua Esplosive Pericolo Inalazione # Pericolo Contatto cutaneo # Pericolo Ingestione # and allergie per inalazione o contatto
  • 5. mg/m3 SCOEL Altri ACGIH PNOC = 3 Al 0,5 Cobalto 2019 0,02 0,02 Nichel 0,005 R 0,5 = Mo = = = Cr II – III 2 T 2 0,5 Ferro = 1 1 Mn 0,05 R 0,02 Inalazione | Cute | Ingestione
  • 6. O2 % ATMOSFERE IPO - OSSIGENATE 19,5- 21 NORMALE 17 - 19,5 Limite inferiore respirabilità (81 - ACGIH) 12 – 17 Malessere – Intontimento – Incapacità giudizio 7 - 12 Perdita conoscenza 0 – 7 Asfissia rapida Altri pericoli ATMOSFERE INFIAMMABILI /ESPLOSIVE Solventi infiammabili Idrogeno Polveri combustibili / piroforiche LASER Classe 1 Classe 2 Classe 3A Classe 3B Classe 4 Sicuri Ridotta potenza Non pericolosi per osservazione discontinua Pericolosi per occhi non protetti e pelle Molto pericolosi
  • 7. Ridurre i rischi - 1 Apparecchiature CE AtEx (equipotenziali) Atmosfere inerti No O2 - H2O No Incompatibili (Infiammabili) No Reattivi (H2O2) Limitare quantità – Conservare separatamente – Identificare Recipienti Prevenire Dispersione Inneschi Suole / DPI non conduttivi - Pile - Cellulare - … Procedure - Pulizia - Raccolta - …
  • 9. Segnaletica – Istruzioni - SDS Dispositivi Protezione (Guanti – Tuta/Camice – Occhiali – Scarpe APVR) Controlli periodici e misure ambientali EN 689:2018 Prevenzione incendi ed emergenze (piccole e grandi)  Info-Formazione => Addestramento => Consapevolezza  Pensare anche agli altri: interferenze [da & verso] Ridurre i rischi - 2
  • 10. Workplace Safety and good Occupational Health are: I •Cost-efficient II • Mandatory (legal and insurance requirements) III •Ethically correct IV •Reasonable and practicable
  • 11. Gianandrea Gino Studio di Ingegneria per il Rischio Tecnologico