THE SAMOAN MAU MOVEMENT: THE AFTERMATH OF THE BLACK SATURDAY
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•257 views
The New Zealand administration took aggressive measures to destroy the Mau Movement after the shootings on Black Saturday. Over 1000 demonstrators fled into the bush and were pursued by military police and marines. The commander of the marines viewed the Samoans as disobedient children that needed to be treated roughly. The Movement was supported by fellow Samoans who provided food, shelter, and intelligence. After the Mau refused to give up supporters, they were declared seditious and faced armed raids and illegal uniforms. By March 1930, the Mau leaders surrendered as it had become too dangerous to protest.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
THE SAMOAN MAU MOVEMENT: THE MAU A SAMOA MOVEMENT IS FORMED
The document summarizes the formation and goals of the Mau a Samoa nationalist movement in Samoa in the 1920s. Deep-rooted discontent with New Zealand's administration led to the formation of the Mau a Samoa movement in 1927. Their main aim was to promote Samoan interests through non-violent opposition, but New Zealand's racist attitudes led the Mau to declare its goal of self-determination. The Mau unified Samoans and actively opposed New Zealand's administration through tactics like refusing to pay taxes and withdrawing from government schools.
THE SAMOAN MAU MOVEMENT: NON-COOPERATION AND DEFIANCE. NEW ZEALAND REACTION
The Mau Movement in Samoa began a campaign of non-violent non-cooperation in response to New Zealand deporting its leaders, including boycotting European stores. They also withdrew from government schools and cancelled women's meetings. New Zealand responded with police crackdowns, arresting over 400 Mau members. Despite some releases, opposition continued in both Samoa and New Zealand. Nelson traveled to the League of Nations seeking self-rule while the New Zealand Samoan Defence League advocated in Auckland. The Mau Movement faced heavy pressure from New Zealand's administration.
THE SAMOAN MAU MOVEMENT: TUPUA TAMASESE LEALOFI III
Tupua Tamasese Lealofi III was a Samoan chief and leader of the Mau movement in the 1920s who opposed the way New Zealand was administering Samoa. He was banished in 1924 for a minor offense and became the leader of the Mau movement. In 1928, he was arrested for refusing to pay taxes and deported to New Zealand, where he was imprisoned for 6 months. He was one of nine Mau supporters killed by New Zealand police during the violent crackdown known as "Black Saturday" in 1929.
Nelson Mandela's biography
Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 in South Africa and was one of 13 children. He became the first in his family to attend school and received the English name "Nelson" from his teachers. As a lawyer and member of the African National Congress, Mandela fought against apartheid in South Africa and was imprisoned for life from 1964 to 1990 for trying to bring down the government, spending 18 years in prison on Robben Island, before being released by Prime Minister F.W. de Klerk.
Nelson mandela
This document provides a timeline and overview of Nelson Mandela's life and accomplishments. It outlines key events from his birth in 1918 through his presidency of South Africa from 1994-1999 and death in 2013. The document also discusses five leadership qualities that made Mandela an effective leader: self-awareness, sense of humor, humility, forgiveness, and doggedness. Finally, it lists sources for further information on Mandela's life and achievements.
Mandela
Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 in South Africa to a chief of the Tembu Tribe. He completed his primary education and began studying for his bachelor's degree, but left university after being accused of participating in a student strike. Mandela went on to study law and joined the African National Congress in 1943, becoming their leader in the fight against apartheid. He was repeatedly imprisoned for his activism before being released in 1990 after 27 years. Mandela then became South Africa's first black President from 1994-1999, overseeing the end of apartheid.
The netherlands
Koningsdag, or King's Day, is a national holiday in the Netherlands celebrated annually on April 30th to mark King Willem-Alexander's birthday. For the festival, people wear orange clothes and participate in celebrations organized by local Orange Committees, which include flea markets where people sell used goods without permits. The holiday was originally established in 1885 on August 31st as Princess's Day to mark the birthday of Princess Wilhelmina.
Ppt Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 in South Africa. He joined the African National Congress youth league in 1944 and advocated for greater rights for black South Africans. In the 1960s, he argued for creating a military wing of the ANC and was sentenced to life in prison for plotting to overthrow the apartheid government. He became a symbol of resistance during his 27 years in prison. After his release in 1990, he continued advocating for an end to apartheid and was elected President of the ANC in 1991. The anti-apartheid movement sought to end racial segregation and white minority rule in South Africa through both domestic resistance and international pressure.
Recommended
THE SAMOAN MAU MOVEMENT: THE MAU A SAMOA MOVEMENT IS FORMED
The document summarizes the formation and goals of the Mau a Samoa nationalist movement in Samoa in the 1920s. Deep-rooted discontent with New Zealand's administration led to the formation of the Mau a Samoa movement in 1927. Their main aim was to promote Samoan interests through non-violent opposition, but New Zealand's racist attitudes led the Mau to declare its goal of self-determination. The Mau unified Samoans and actively opposed New Zealand's administration through tactics like refusing to pay taxes and withdrawing from government schools.
THE SAMOAN MAU MOVEMENT: NON-COOPERATION AND DEFIANCE. NEW ZEALAND REACTION
The Mau Movement in Samoa began a campaign of non-violent non-cooperation in response to New Zealand deporting its leaders, including boycotting European stores. They also withdrew from government schools and cancelled women's meetings. New Zealand responded with police crackdowns, arresting over 400 Mau members. Despite some releases, opposition continued in both Samoa and New Zealand. Nelson traveled to the League of Nations seeking self-rule while the New Zealand Samoan Defence League advocated in Auckland. The Mau Movement faced heavy pressure from New Zealand's administration.
THE SAMOAN MAU MOVEMENT: TUPUA TAMASESE LEALOFI III
Tupua Tamasese Lealofi III was a Samoan chief and leader of the Mau movement in the 1920s who opposed the way New Zealand was administering Samoa. He was banished in 1924 for a minor offense and became the leader of the Mau movement. In 1928, he was arrested for refusing to pay taxes and deported to New Zealand, where he was imprisoned for 6 months. He was one of nine Mau supporters killed by New Zealand police during the violent crackdown known as "Black Saturday" in 1929.
Nelson Mandela's biography
Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 in South Africa and was one of 13 children. He became the first in his family to attend school and received the English name "Nelson" from his teachers. As a lawyer and member of the African National Congress, Mandela fought against apartheid in South Africa and was imprisoned for life from 1964 to 1990 for trying to bring down the government, spending 18 years in prison on Robben Island, before being released by Prime Minister F.W. de Klerk.
Nelson mandela
This document provides a timeline and overview of Nelson Mandela's life and accomplishments. It outlines key events from his birth in 1918 through his presidency of South Africa from 1994-1999 and death in 2013. The document also discusses five leadership qualities that made Mandela an effective leader: self-awareness, sense of humor, humility, forgiveness, and doggedness. Finally, it lists sources for further information on Mandela's life and achievements.
Mandela
Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 in South Africa to a chief of the Tembu Tribe. He completed his primary education and began studying for his bachelor's degree, but left university after being accused of participating in a student strike. Mandela went on to study law and joined the African National Congress in 1943, becoming their leader in the fight against apartheid. He was repeatedly imprisoned for his activism before being released in 1990 after 27 years. Mandela then became South Africa's first black President from 1994-1999, overseeing the end of apartheid.
The netherlands
Koningsdag, or King's Day, is a national holiday in the Netherlands celebrated annually on April 30th to mark King Willem-Alexander's birthday. For the festival, people wear orange clothes and participate in celebrations organized by local Orange Committees, which include flea markets where people sell used goods without permits. The holiday was originally established in 1885 on August 31st as Princess's Day to mark the birthday of Princess Wilhelmina.
Ppt Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 in South Africa. He joined the African National Congress youth league in 1944 and advocated for greater rights for black South Africans. In the 1960s, he argued for creating a military wing of the ANC and was sentenced to life in prison for plotting to overthrow the apartheid government. He became a symbol of resistance during his 27 years in prison. After his release in 1990, he continued advocating for an end to apartheid and was elected President of the ANC in 1991. The anti-apartheid movement sought to end racial segregation and white minority rule in South Africa through both domestic resistance and international pressure.
Nelson mandela ppt #nelsonmandela
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.
An excursion to poland by kunštát primary
This document summarizes key information about Poland from a presentation by Kunštát Primary students. It outlines that Poland's official name is the Poland Republic, its capital is Warsaw though Krakow was originally the capital, and the main currency is the złoty. It then discusses some important cities like Oświęcim, where the Auschwitz concentration camp was built during World War II. Finally, it provides brief histories of Krakow, including its oldest part on Wawel Hill and the Jewish quarter of Kazimierz.
Finland
The official celebrations of Independence Day in Finland begin in the capital Helsinki with religious services. It is a tradition for Finnish homes to place two lit candles in each window of the house, which goes back to a legend that the candles offered shelter to young Finns fighting Russian oppression. The main traditions are the student parade and the presidential dance.
Diana, princess of wales
The document discusses the relationship and marriage between Prince Charles and Princess Diana. It describes how they began dating in 1980 and announced their engagement in 1981. They had two children together but their marriage faced difficulties and ultimately ended in divorce despite some attempts to save it.
A short history of sweden
Sweden has a population of approximately 9.5 million people and its capital and largest city is Stockholm. In the 8th-10th centuries, Swedish Vikings traveled east across the Baltic Sea, settling in Finland and trading with Baltic countries. Gustav Vasa established Protestantism in Sweden and strengthened the state in the 16th century. Through successful wars, Sweden became an empire but lost its empire status after defeat in the Great Northern War in the early 18th century. Sweden industrialized in the 19th century and established a democratic welfare state in the 20th century.
Sweden
Sweden emerged as an independent nation in the Middle Ages and became a great power in northern Europe during the 17th-18th centuries under the Swedish Empire. While Sweden lost parts of its empire by the early 19th century, it has remained neutral in conflicts since 1814. Today, Sweden has a population of around 9.4 million and its capital and largest city is Stockholm. Swedish culture is strongly influenced by its Scandinavian heritage and values gender equality.
Sweden
Sweden is located in Scandinavia and is bordered by Norway and Finland. It has a population of over 9 million people and its capital and largest city is Stockholm. Sweden has a constitutional monarchy form of government and uses its own currency, the Swedish Krona, despite being part of the European Union. The Vikings originated from Scandinavian countries like Sweden between 700-1100 AD and were known for raiding parts of Europe. Sweden has a large forest coverage and over 100,000 lakes within its borders. The dominant religion in Sweden is Lutheranism, though immigration has increased the Muslim population to over 500,000 people as well.
nelson mandela
Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk were awarded the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize. Nelson Mandela was a leader in the African National Congress who fought against apartheid policies in South Africa through non-violent and later violent means. He co-founded the military wing of the ANC and was imprisoned for 27 years for plotting to overthrow the government before being released in 1990. F.W. de Klerk was the last apartheid era president of South Africa who oversaw the end of apartheid and the establishment of multi-racial elections.
ANC Statement on string of events in the run up to the funeral of the late st...
Today marks the second day since the demise of our beloved mother, Cde Winnie Madikizela-Mandela. This tragedy has gripped the nation with shock and sadness. This has led to the outpouring of messages of condolences and support to the family and expressing a sense of loss.
Ireland
Ireland has a culture influenced by both ancient Gaelic traditions and more recent Anglicization. The country achieved greater sovereignty in the 1930s when the constitution was amended and it was declared a republic, separating further from British rule. Irish culture is seen in traditions like St. Stephen's Day celebrations on December 26th, a day of rest and large meals after Christmas, and St. Patrick's Day on March 17th, originally a religious holiday that is now celebrated worldwide. Sports and mythical creatures like leprechauns are also part of Irish culture and traditions.
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE SOURCES
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE
On February 27, 1933, the German parliament (Reichstag) building burned down. The Nazi leadership and its coalition partners used the fire to claim that Communists were planning a violent uprising. They claimed that emergency legislation was needed to prevent this. The resulting act, commonly known as the Reichstag Fire Decree, abolished a number of constitutional protections and paved the way for Nazi dictatorship.
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTX
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTX
Following Hitler’s appointment as chancellor the Nazis were finally in a position of power.
However, this power was limited, as the Nazis were just one party in a three party coalition government, under President Hindenburg.
This topic will explore how the Nazis managed to eliminate their opposition and consolidate ultimate power over Germany, whilst maintaining an illusion of democracy.
It will first explore this topic in chronological order, from the Reichstag Fire through to the death of President Hindenburg, and then explore it thematically in the last section. On the 31 January 1933, Hitler, conscious of his lack of a majority in the Reichstag, immediately called for new elections to try and strengthen his position. The Nazis aimed to increase their share of the vote so that they would have a majority in the Reichstag. This would allow them to rule unopposed and unhindered by coalition governments.
Over the next two months, they launched themselves into an intense election campaign.
On 27 February 1933, as the campaign moved into its final, frantic days, the Reichstag, the German Parliament building, was set on fire and burnt down. An atmosphere of panic and terror followed the event.
This continued when a young Dutch communist, Van der Lubbe was arrested for the crime.
The Nazi Party used the atmosphere of panic to their advantage, encouraging anti-communism. Göring declared that the communists had planned a national uprising to overthrow the Weimar Republic. This hysteria helped to turn the public against the communists, one of the Nazis main opponents, and 4000 people were imprisoned.
The day after the fire, Hindenburg signed the Emergency Decree for the Protection of the German People. On the 28 February 1933, President Hindenburg signed the Emergency Decree for the Protection of the German People. This decree suspended the democratic aspects of the Weimar Republic and declared a state of emergency.
This decree gave the Nazis a legal basis for the persecution and oppression of any opponents, who were be framed as traitors to the republic. People could be imprisoned for any or no reason.
The decree also removed basic personal freedoms, such as the freedom of speech, the right to own property, and the right to trial before imprisonment.
Through these aspects the Nazis suppressed any opposition to their power, and were able to start the road from democracy to a dictatorship. The atmosphere of uncertainty following the Reichstag Fire secured many voters for the Nazi party.
The SA also ran a violent campaign of terror against any and all opponents of the Nazi regime. Many were terrified of voting of at all, and many turned to voting for the Nazi Party out of fear for their own safety. The elections were neither free or fair.
On the 5 March 1933, the elections took place, with an extremely high turnout of 89%.
The Nazis secured 43.9% of the vote.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 04. HITLER BECOMING CHANCELLOR 1933
Hitler was not immediately appointed chancellor after the success of the July 1932 elections, despite being leader of the largest party in the Reichstag. It took the economic and political instability (with two more chancellors failing to stabilise the situation) to worsen, and the support of the conservative elite, to convince Hindenburg to appoint Hitler.
Hitler was sworn in as the chancellor of Germany on the 30 January 1933. The Nazis were now in power.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 03. NAZI'S LITTLE SUCCESS
The document discusses the early success of the Nazi party in Germany. It notes that while the party made progress in organization and membership in its early years after 1919, it had little impact in elections initially. The Nazis received only 6.5% of the vote in their first national election in 1924. Later elections in 1928 saw their support decline further to just 2.6% as the German economy and political situation stabilized under Stresemann. While the Nazis appealed to specific groups frustrated with the Weimar Republic, they remained a small party with less than 30,000 members by 1925.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 02. NAZI PARTY IDEOLOGY IN 1920
The document provides background information on the origins and early development of the Nazi party in Germany during the 1920s. It describes how the party began as the German Workers' Party led by Anton Drexler before Hitler joined in 1919 and became the leader in 1921. It also outlines some of the key aspects of the Nazi party platform outlined in the 25-point program, including nationalism, anti-Semitism, and a desire for more territory. Finally, it discusses Hitler's failed Munich Putsch coup attempt in 1923 and how he wrote Mein Kampf while in prison.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 01. FASCISM
1) Post-war instability and economic crisis weakened established political systems in countries like Germany and Italy. 2) A sense of nationalism was used by fascist leaders to promote unity and scapegoat others for the nation's problems. 3) Charismatic leaders like Hitler and Mussolini were able to gain followers by promoting fascism as an alternative to communism and liberal democracy.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 10. THE FALL OF WEIMAR 1930-1933
The document provides background information on the rise of the Nazi party in Germany between 1930-1933. It discusses how Germany's economic dependence on American loans led to the collapse of German industry following the 1929 Wall Street crash. This caused widespread unemployment, with over 6 million people jobless by 1932. As economic conditions deteriorated, support grew for the Nazis as they promised strong leadership and blamed Jews and communists for Germany's problems. The Nazis increased their Reichstag seats in elections in 1933 after Hitler became Chancellor, and he then used emergency powers to crush opposition and establish a one-party Nazi state in Germany.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 09. TABLES AND CARTOONS
The document discusses the Weimar Republic in Germany through tables and cartoons as part of a Cambridge IGCSE depth study on Germany. It provides information on the political and economic challenges faced by the Weimar Republic between 1919-1933 through statistical tables and illustrations. The depth study uses multiple visual elements to summarize key events and issues like inflation, unemployment, and the rise of extremism during this period of German history.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 08. NAZIS IN THE WILDERNESS
The “Lean Years” (also called the "wilderness" years) of Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany refer to the period between 1924 and 1928 when the Nazi party did not have high levels of support and still suffered from humiliation over the Munich Putsch. Why where these years “lean”?
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 07. STRESEMMAN ERA 1924-1929
Gustav Stresemann was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1923 during the Weimar Republic period. As Chancellor and later as Foreign Minister, he implemented policies that helped stabilize Germany's economy and improve its international standing. This included establishing a new currency to end hyperinflation, crushing communist uprisings, and pursuing diplomatic agreements like the Locarno Pact to normalize Germany's relations with other European powers. However, the economic and political stability of the Weimar Republic remained fragile.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 06. THE BEER HALL PUTSCH 1923
The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, was a failed coup d'état by Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) leader Adolf Hitler, Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders in Munich, Bavaria, on 8–9 November 1923, during the Weimar Republic. Approximately two thousand Nazis marched on the Feldherrnhalle, in the city centre, but were confronted by a police cordon, which resulted in the deaths of 16 Nazi Party members and four police officers. Hitler escaped immediate arrest and was spirited off to safety in the countryside. After two days, he was arrested and charged with treason. The putsch brought Hitler to the attention of the German nation for the first time and generated front-page headlines in newspapers around the world. His arrest was followed by a 24-day trial, which was widely publicised and gave him a platform to express his nationalist sentiments to the nation. Hitler was found guilty of treason and sentenced to five years in Landsberg Prison, where he dictated Mein Kampf to fellow prisoners Emil Maurice and Rudolf Hess. On 20 December 1924, having served only nine months, Hitler was released. Once released, Hitler redirected his focus towards obtaining power through legal means rather than by revolution or force, and accordingly changed his tactics, further developing Nazi propaganda.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 05. HYPERINFLATION
Hyperinflation affected the German Papiermark, the currency of the Weimar Republic, between 1921 and 1923, primarily in 1923. It caused considerable internal political instability in the country, the occupation of the Ruhr by France and Belgium, and misery for the general populace.
More Related Content
What's hot
Nelson mandela ppt #nelsonmandela
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.
An excursion to poland by kunštát primary
This document summarizes key information about Poland from a presentation by Kunštát Primary students. It outlines that Poland's official name is the Poland Republic, its capital is Warsaw though Krakow was originally the capital, and the main currency is the złoty. It then discusses some important cities like Oświęcim, where the Auschwitz concentration camp was built during World War II. Finally, it provides brief histories of Krakow, including its oldest part on Wawel Hill and the Jewish quarter of Kazimierz.
Finland
The official celebrations of Independence Day in Finland begin in the capital Helsinki with religious services. It is a tradition for Finnish homes to place two lit candles in each window of the house, which goes back to a legend that the candles offered shelter to young Finns fighting Russian oppression. The main traditions are the student parade and the presidential dance.
Diana, princess of wales
The document discusses the relationship and marriage between Prince Charles and Princess Diana. It describes how they began dating in 1980 and announced their engagement in 1981. They had two children together but their marriage faced difficulties and ultimately ended in divorce despite some attempts to save it.
A short history of sweden
Sweden has a population of approximately 9.5 million people and its capital and largest city is Stockholm. In the 8th-10th centuries, Swedish Vikings traveled east across the Baltic Sea, settling in Finland and trading with Baltic countries. Gustav Vasa established Protestantism in Sweden and strengthened the state in the 16th century. Through successful wars, Sweden became an empire but lost its empire status after defeat in the Great Northern War in the early 18th century. Sweden industrialized in the 19th century and established a democratic welfare state in the 20th century.
Sweden
Sweden emerged as an independent nation in the Middle Ages and became a great power in northern Europe during the 17th-18th centuries under the Swedish Empire. While Sweden lost parts of its empire by the early 19th century, it has remained neutral in conflicts since 1814. Today, Sweden has a population of around 9.4 million and its capital and largest city is Stockholm. Swedish culture is strongly influenced by its Scandinavian heritage and values gender equality.
Sweden
Sweden is located in Scandinavia and is bordered by Norway and Finland. It has a population of over 9 million people and its capital and largest city is Stockholm. Sweden has a constitutional monarchy form of government and uses its own currency, the Swedish Krona, despite being part of the European Union. The Vikings originated from Scandinavian countries like Sweden between 700-1100 AD and were known for raiding parts of Europe. Sweden has a large forest coverage and over 100,000 lakes within its borders. The dominant religion in Sweden is Lutheranism, though immigration has increased the Muslim population to over 500,000 people as well.
nelson mandela
Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk were awarded the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize. Nelson Mandela was a leader in the African National Congress who fought against apartheid policies in South Africa through non-violent and later violent means. He co-founded the military wing of the ANC and was imprisoned for 27 years for plotting to overthrow the government before being released in 1990. F.W. de Klerk was the last apartheid era president of South Africa who oversaw the end of apartheid and the establishment of multi-racial elections.
ANC Statement on string of events in the run up to the funeral of the late st...
Today marks the second day since the demise of our beloved mother, Cde Winnie Madikizela-Mandela. This tragedy has gripped the nation with shock and sadness. This has led to the outpouring of messages of condolences and support to the family and expressing a sense of loss.
Ireland
Ireland has a culture influenced by both ancient Gaelic traditions and more recent Anglicization. The country achieved greater sovereignty in the 1930s when the constitution was amended and it was declared a republic, separating further from British rule. Irish culture is seen in traditions like St. Stephen's Day celebrations on December 26th, a day of rest and large meals after Christmas, and St. Patrick's Day on March 17th, originally a religious holiday that is now celebrated worldwide. Sports and mythical creatures like leprechauns are also part of Irish culture and traditions.
What's hot (10)
ANC Statement on string of events in the run up to the funeral of the late st...
ANC Statement on string of events in the run up to the funeral of the late st...
More from George Dumitrache
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE SOURCES
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE
On February 27, 1933, the German parliament (Reichstag) building burned down. The Nazi leadership and its coalition partners used the fire to claim that Communists were planning a violent uprising. They claimed that emergency legislation was needed to prevent this. The resulting act, commonly known as the Reichstag Fire Decree, abolished a number of constitutional protections and paved the way for Nazi dictatorship.
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTX
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTX
Following Hitler’s appointment as chancellor the Nazis were finally in a position of power.
However, this power was limited, as the Nazis were just one party in a three party coalition government, under President Hindenburg.
This topic will explore how the Nazis managed to eliminate their opposition and consolidate ultimate power over Germany, whilst maintaining an illusion of democracy.
It will first explore this topic in chronological order, from the Reichstag Fire through to the death of President Hindenburg, and then explore it thematically in the last section. On the 31 January 1933, Hitler, conscious of his lack of a majority in the Reichstag, immediately called for new elections to try and strengthen his position. The Nazis aimed to increase their share of the vote so that they would have a majority in the Reichstag. This would allow them to rule unopposed and unhindered by coalition governments.
Over the next two months, they launched themselves into an intense election campaign.
On 27 February 1933, as the campaign moved into its final, frantic days, the Reichstag, the German Parliament building, was set on fire and burnt down. An atmosphere of panic and terror followed the event.
This continued when a young Dutch communist, Van der Lubbe was arrested for the crime.
The Nazi Party used the atmosphere of panic to their advantage, encouraging anti-communism. Göring declared that the communists had planned a national uprising to overthrow the Weimar Republic. This hysteria helped to turn the public against the communists, one of the Nazis main opponents, and 4000 people were imprisoned.
The day after the fire, Hindenburg signed the Emergency Decree for the Protection of the German People. On the 28 February 1933, President Hindenburg signed the Emergency Decree for the Protection of the German People. This decree suspended the democratic aspects of the Weimar Republic and declared a state of emergency.
This decree gave the Nazis a legal basis for the persecution and oppression of any opponents, who were be framed as traitors to the republic. People could be imprisoned for any or no reason.
The decree also removed basic personal freedoms, such as the freedom of speech, the right to own property, and the right to trial before imprisonment.
Through these aspects the Nazis suppressed any opposition to their power, and were able to start the road from democracy to a dictatorship. The atmosphere of uncertainty following the Reichstag Fire secured many voters for the Nazi party.
The SA also ran a violent campaign of terror against any and all opponents of the Nazi regime. Many were terrified of voting of at all, and many turned to voting for the Nazi Party out of fear for their own safety. The elections were neither free or fair.
On the 5 March 1933, the elections took place, with an extremely high turnout of 89%.
The Nazis secured 43.9% of the vote.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 04. HITLER BECOMING CHANCELLOR 1933
Hitler was not immediately appointed chancellor after the success of the July 1932 elections, despite being leader of the largest party in the Reichstag. It took the economic and political instability (with two more chancellors failing to stabilise the situation) to worsen, and the support of the conservative elite, to convince Hindenburg to appoint Hitler.
Hitler was sworn in as the chancellor of Germany on the 30 January 1933. The Nazis were now in power.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 03. NAZI'S LITTLE SUCCESS
The document discusses the early success of the Nazi party in Germany. It notes that while the party made progress in organization and membership in its early years after 1919, it had little impact in elections initially. The Nazis received only 6.5% of the vote in their first national election in 1924. Later elections in 1928 saw their support decline further to just 2.6% as the German economy and political situation stabilized under Stresemann. While the Nazis appealed to specific groups frustrated with the Weimar Republic, they remained a small party with less than 30,000 members by 1925.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 02. NAZI PARTY IDEOLOGY IN 1920
The document provides background information on the origins and early development of the Nazi party in Germany during the 1920s. It describes how the party began as the German Workers' Party led by Anton Drexler before Hitler joined in 1919 and became the leader in 1921. It also outlines some of the key aspects of the Nazi party platform outlined in the 25-point program, including nationalism, anti-Semitism, and a desire for more territory. Finally, it discusses Hitler's failed Munich Putsch coup attempt in 1923 and how he wrote Mein Kampf while in prison.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 01. FASCISM
1) Post-war instability and economic crisis weakened established political systems in countries like Germany and Italy. 2) A sense of nationalism was used by fascist leaders to promote unity and scapegoat others for the nation's problems. 3) Charismatic leaders like Hitler and Mussolini were able to gain followers by promoting fascism as an alternative to communism and liberal democracy.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 10. THE FALL OF WEIMAR 1930-1933
The document provides background information on the rise of the Nazi party in Germany between 1930-1933. It discusses how Germany's economic dependence on American loans led to the collapse of German industry following the 1929 Wall Street crash. This caused widespread unemployment, with over 6 million people jobless by 1932. As economic conditions deteriorated, support grew for the Nazis as they promised strong leadership and blamed Jews and communists for Germany's problems. The Nazis increased their Reichstag seats in elections in 1933 after Hitler became Chancellor, and he then used emergency powers to crush opposition and establish a one-party Nazi state in Germany.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 09. TABLES AND CARTOONS
The document discusses the Weimar Republic in Germany through tables and cartoons as part of a Cambridge IGCSE depth study on Germany. It provides information on the political and economic challenges faced by the Weimar Republic between 1919-1933 through statistical tables and illustrations. The depth study uses multiple visual elements to summarize key events and issues like inflation, unemployment, and the rise of extremism during this period of German history.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 08. NAZIS IN THE WILDERNESS
The “Lean Years” (also called the "wilderness" years) of Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany refer to the period between 1924 and 1928 when the Nazi party did not have high levels of support and still suffered from humiliation over the Munich Putsch. Why where these years “lean”?
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 07. STRESEMMAN ERA 1924-1929
Gustav Stresemann was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1923 during the Weimar Republic period. As Chancellor and later as Foreign Minister, he implemented policies that helped stabilize Germany's economy and improve its international standing. This included establishing a new currency to end hyperinflation, crushing communist uprisings, and pursuing diplomatic agreements like the Locarno Pact to normalize Germany's relations with other European powers. However, the economic and political stability of the Weimar Republic remained fragile.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 06. THE BEER HALL PUTSCH 1923
The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, was a failed coup d'état by Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) leader Adolf Hitler, Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders in Munich, Bavaria, on 8–9 November 1923, during the Weimar Republic. Approximately two thousand Nazis marched on the Feldherrnhalle, in the city centre, but were confronted by a police cordon, which resulted in the deaths of 16 Nazi Party members and four police officers. Hitler escaped immediate arrest and was spirited off to safety in the countryside. After two days, he was arrested and charged with treason. The putsch brought Hitler to the attention of the German nation for the first time and generated front-page headlines in newspapers around the world. His arrest was followed by a 24-day trial, which was widely publicised and gave him a platform to express his nationalist sentiments to the nation. Hitler was found guilty of treason and sentenced to five years in Landsberg Prison, where he dictated Mein Kampf to fellow prisoners Emil Maurice and Rudolf Hess. On 20 December 1924, having served only nine months, Hitler was released. Once released, Hitler redirected his focus towards obtaining power through legal means rather than by revolution or force, and accordingly changed his tactics, further developing Nazi propaganda.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 05. HYPERINFLATION
Hyperinflation affected the German Papiermark, the currency of the Weimar Republic, between 1921 and 1923, primarily in 1923. It caused considerable internal political instability in the country, the occupation of the Ruhr by France and Belgium, and misery for the general populace.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 04. WEIMAR TURMOIL YEARS 1919-1923
Weimar had faced a series of problems between 1919 and 1923 (hyperinflation, Munich Putsch, Kapp Putsch) but despite the odds had managed to survive.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 03. THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES IMPACT ON...
Thanks to the Treaty of Versailles, Germany's ability to produce revenue-generating coal and iron ore decreased. As war debts and reparations drained its coffers, the German government was unable to pay its debts. Some of the former World War I Allies didn't buy Germany's claim that it couldn't afford to pay.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 02. THE NOVEMBER REVOLUTION 1918
The German Revolution or November Revolution was a civil conflict in the German Empire at the end of the First World War that resulted in the replacement of the German federal constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary republic that later became known as the Weimar Republic. The revolutionary period lasted from November 1918 until the adoption of the Weimar Constitution in August 1919. Among the factors leading to the revolution were the extreme burdens suffered by the German population during the four years of war, the economic and psychological impacts of the German Empire's defeat by the Allies, and growing social tensions between the general population and the aristocratic and bourgeois elite.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 01. THE EFFECT OF WW1 ON GERMANY
The document summarizes the impact of World War 1 on Germany. It discusses how Germany initially found success on the Eastern Front and made advances on the Western Front in 1918 but was eventually overwhelmed as the US joined the war effort. Germany experienced political instability, economic devastation from blockades, widespread hunger and disease, and psychological trauma from defeat. The German people bitterly blamed leaders for the defeat, sowing seeds for the rise of the Nazis in the unstable Weimar Republic that followed the war.
08. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Questions and Answers.pptx
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LEAGUE OF NATIONS. The League of Nations was an international organization, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a forum for resolving international disputes.
07. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Abyssinian Crisis.pptx
This cartoon was likely published after the Stresa Pact was signed in early 1935, when Britain and France failed to raise the issue of Abyssinia with Mussolini and were perceived as turning a blind eye to his plans in hopes of keeping Italy as an ally against Germany. The cartoon directly criticizes the British and French policy of appeasing Mussolini, so the purpose was to criticize, not just inform. By criticizing the policy, the hope would be to influence and change the policy by swaying public opinion.
06. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Manchurian Crisis.pptx
Manchurian Crisis. On September 18, 1931, an explosion destroyed a section of railway track near the city of Mukden. The Japanese, who owned the railway, blamed Chinese nationalists for the incident and used the opportunity to retaliate and invade Manchuria.
05. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Great Depression and LON.pptx
GREAT DEPRESSION AND THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS. The Great Depression of 1930-33 meant people turned to extremist dictators such as Hitler and Mussolini, who were keen to invade other countries. This made it hard for the League to maintain peace. The League had some very ambitious plans and ideals – to stop war and make the world a better place.
More from George Dumitrache (20)
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE SOURCES
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE SOURCES
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTX
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTX
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 04. HITLER BECOMING CHANCELLOR 1933
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 04. HITLER BECOMING CHANCELLOR 1933
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 03. NAZI'S LITTLE SUCCESS
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 03. NAZI'S LITTLE SUCCESS
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 02. NAZI PARTY IDEOLOGY IN 1920
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 02. NAZI PARTY IDEOLOGY IN 1920
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 10. THE FALL OF WEIMAR 1930-1933
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 10. THE FALL OF WEIMAR 1930-1933
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 09. TABLES AND CARTOONS
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 09. TABLES AND CARTOONS
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 08. NAZIS IN THE WILDERNESS
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 08. NAZIS IN THE WILDERNESS
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 07. STRESEMMAN ERA 1924-1929
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 07. STRESEMMAN ERA 1924-1929
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 06. THE BEER HALL PUTSCH 1923
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 06. THE BEER HALL PUTSCH 1923
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 05. HYPERINFLATION
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 05. HYPERINFLATION
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 04. WEIMAR TURMOIL YEARS 1919-1923
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 04. WEIMAR TURMOIL YEARS 1919-1923
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 03. THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES IMPACT ON...
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 03. THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES IMPACT ON...
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 02. THE NOVEMBER REVOLUTION 1918
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 02. THE NOVEMBER REVOLUTION 1918
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 01. THE EFFECT OF WW1 ON GERMANY
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 01. THE EFFECT OF WW1 ON GERMANY
08. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Questions and Answers.pptx
08. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Questions and Answers.pptx
05. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Great Depression and LON.pptx
05. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Great Depression and LON.pptx
Recently uploaded
Advanced Java[Extra Concepts, Not Difficult].docx
This is part 2 of my Java Learning Journey. This contains Hashing, ArrayList, LinkedList, Date and Time Classes, Calendar Class and more.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityAkanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
Natural birth techniques are various type such as/ water birth , alexender method, hypnosis, bradley method, lamaze method etcYour Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingExcellence Foundation for South Sudan
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit - NGV Pavilion Concept Design
ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT.pdf
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
The Diamonds of 2023-2024 in the IGRA collection
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
Recently uploaded (20)
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
THE SAMOAN MAU MOVEMENT: THE AFTERMATH OF THE BLACK SATURDAY
- 1. 23 THE SAMOAN MAU MOVEMENT THE AFTERMATH OF BLACK SATURDAY
- 2. AFTERMATH •The New Zealand administration adopted aggressive measures to ensure the complete destruction of the Mau Movement. •In the aftermath of the shootings, over 1000 Mau demonstrators fled into the bush. They were pursued in the following weeks by an armed force of 50 military police and 200 marines from HMS Dunedin.
- 3. COMMODORE BLACK’S PATERNALISTIC VIEW •Commodore Black was the commander of the 200 marines and he said: “At the present moment, the Samoan is in the position of a sulky and insubordinate child who has deliberately disobeyed his father, as the administrator is generally termed, and no peaceful persuasion will induce him to submit. There is no alternative, therefore, but to treat him roughly... Force is the only thing which appeal to the Samoan.” Lagaga: a short history of Western Samoa, pages 137-138
- 4. SUPPORT FROM SAMOANS •The Mau Movement was supported by its fellow Samoans, who supplied food and shelter, as well as information on the location of marines and their operations. •After 13 January 1930, after the Mau refused to give up its supporters in hiding, Allen declared the Mau a seditious organisation.
- 5. NIGHT RAIDS AND SURRENDER •Armed raids followed and the wearing of the Mau uniform became illegal. •The Mau Movement headquarters at Vaimoso were raided. •It became dangerous for Mau supporters to continue to march and protest. •In March 1930, the Mau Movement leaders surrendered. •Another protest took place at Vaimoso on 5 March 1930. •It was lead by the High Chief Tuimaleali’ifano.
- 6. THE SAMOAN MASSACRE PAMPHLET You have beaten the Mau and disturbed the Mau and treated the Mau improperly, and now you ask to end it... What I want now is to let the Mau live until it gets what it wants... You have said that the Government of New Zealand is very kind. I have seen myself and have experience of it. It is not. High Chief Tuimaleali’ifano.