this ppt is about the uniform civil code ,desired in india,and also mentioned as a directive principle in the constitution.

1. UNIFORM CIVIL CODE
By-
Gaurvi Sharma
ICG/2016/21845
BA(HONOURS)
Sem II

2. INTRODUCTION
 A proposal to replace the personal laws of each
major religious community in India with a common set
governing every citizen.
 Mentioned in Article 44 of the Directive Principles.
 Earlier focused on the Muslim Personal Law.
 Demanded by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
 Administers the same set of secular civil laws to govern all
people.

3. HISTORY
 British gave self-government in domestic matters and absolute
non-interference in religious matters.
 Hindu marriage Act , Succession Act , Minority and
Guardianship Act and Adoption and maintenance Act, passed in
1956
 The Special Marriage Act, 1954 ,permitted any Indian to have
their marriage outside the realm of their religious personal law .
 But, failed to control gender discrimination, Majority of its
implementation initiated by men.

4. NEED FOR UNIFORM CIVIL CODE
 To provide justice and equality to the people of all religions and
sects.
 Child marriages accepted in all religious communities .
 Enact rules for compulsory registration of marriages irrespective
of religion.
 Triple Talaq controversy.
 Muslim law doesn’t provide for maintenance for the wife. The
Mehr amount is supposed to take care of this aspect.

5.  All India Muslim Personal Law Board (AIMPLB) and Darul
Uloom interfere with the marital status of Indian Muslim
citizens and pass judgments.
 Similarly, caste panchayats and khap panchayats are also non
elected bodies.
 To control polygamy.
 false information and impression about UCC.
 necessary for our national unity and secularism .
 Contradiction in constitution – it recognizes the continued
existence of Personal Law and also guarantee equal rights.

6. IMPORTANT JUDGEMENTS
 Shah Bano Case,1985-
 Shah Bano ,60,went to court asking maintenance from her
husband who had divorced her.
 The court ruled in her favour ,orthodoxy deemed the verdict
an attack on Islam.
 Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986
enacted.
 Gave Muslim woman the right to maintenance for the period
of iddat (about three months) after divorce.

7.  Sarla Mudgal vs. Union of India-
 question of whether a Hindu husband by embracing Islam
can solemnize a second marriage.
 amounts to abusing the personal laws.
 A Hindu marriage can be dissolved under the Hindu Marriage
Act, 1955 only.

8. THE GOAN MODEL
 Goa is the only state in India which has enforced Uniform Civil
Code for all citizens.
 Allows equal division of income and property regardless of
gender between husband ,wife and between children.
 Severe provisions for divorce .
 No polygamy or Triple Talaq for Goan Muslims.
 Each spouse in case of divorce is entitled to a half share of the
property.

9. LAW OF MAITRI KARAR IN
GUJARAT
 A system in Gujarat where a man and a woman entered into a
friendship agreement, a legitimate contract before a magistrate.
 Had a social and legal sanction .
 Considered as a method to bypass the stringent provisions of the
Hindu Marriage Act and enter into an "undeclared second
marriage”.
 Gujarat government ultimately passed an Act in 1982,
prohibiting such love- pacts making them punishable.

10. RECENT ACTIVITIES
 Controversies about Triple Talaq.
 A questionnaire posted online seeking the public's response by the
National Law Commission.
 AIMPLB says any intervention in its family law amounts to violating
the Muslim community's fundamental rights.
 Threatened to boycott the questionnaire.
 Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan and Iran have regulated their
divorce law and polygamy.It shows that these are not
essential religious practices ,beyond reform.

11.  the Centre opposed the practice of triple talaq, nikah halala and
polygamy among Muslims in the Supreme Court .
 Supreme Court also seeks an end to these practices ,
discriminating against women.

12. CONCLUSION
 A Common Civil Code , to govern personal matters of all citizens
irrespective of religion is the need of the hour.
 A committee of eminent jurists should be considered to maintain
uniformity
 Care must be taken not to hurt the sentiments of any particular
community.
 Practices like triple talaq, polygamy and nikah halala need to be banned.
 The government must prepare a good environment for uniform civil code
by explaining the contents and significance of Article 44 .

13.  The press , radio , television and various other means of
communication must help.
 Conservative sections of the citizens must be made to
understand the utility of uniformity of laws.
 Education, awareness and sensitization programmes must be
taken up.