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Macroeconomics
Lecture 13
In๏ฌ‚ation and the
Quantity Theory of Money
Chapter 12
Questions?
millions
%
Population
%
Adults
% Labor
Force
Population 320 100%
Age under 16 66 20%
Age 16+ 254 80% 100%
Not in Labor Force 94 30% 37%
In Labor Force 160 50% 63% 100%
Employed 152.3 47.6% 60% 95.2%
Unemployed 7.7 2.4% 3% 4.8%
Problems
Overstate - Above actual
Cash workers
Understate - Below actual
Discouraged workers
Three Types of
Unemployment
Frictional
Seasonal
Structural
Frictional
Unemployment
Time to find a new
job
Seasonal
Unemployment
Demand changes
with the season
Structural
Unemployment
Too many workers
Change in Demand
What kind of
unemployment
is caused by
smartphones?
?
Structural
Unemployment
Creative
Destruction
10% a year
Unemployment
Insurance
Government program to
provide income when
workers become
unemployed
Unemployment
Insurance
Unintended Consequence
Moral Hazard
May prolong unemployment
Minimum Wage Laws
Government sets a
minimum wage that can
legally be paid
Price Floor
$0
$5
$10
$15
$20
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Supply
Demand
Wage
Workers
Equilibrium
Wage
30 workers
30 jobs
no
unemployment
Minimum Wage
40 workers
20 jobs
20 unemployed
workers
Minimum Wage
20 workers
get a raise
10 workers
lose job
10 new
unemployed
workers
Minimum
Wage
Labor Union
Worker association that
negotiates with
employers over wages,
benefits, and conditions
Labor Union
One contract
Strike
Conflict between workers
Ef๏ฌciency Wages
Higher wages make more
productive employees
Ef๏ฌciency Wages
Employee Wage Pizzas Productivity
Wage per Pizza
Bob $10 5 $2.00
Bill $20 12 $1.67
Ef๏ฌciency Wages
More Healthy
Lower Turnover
Higher Quality
More Effort
In๏ฌ‚ation and the
Quantity Theory of
Money
Chapter 12
Who wants to be a
Trillionaire?
Venezuela
Zimbabwe
Germany
Greece
2013
$1 = 7
2018
$1 = 25,000
When you have lines waiting to buy your
product, you can do two things:
make more, or raise prices
Prices
Current
Constant

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Macro 13