BUSI 610
Literature Review
Abstract Rubric
(20 Points)
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not Present
Abstract: Content
13 to 14 points
All key components of the Abstract are present. The Abstract for the Literature Review is clearly articulated. The Abstract has a clear, logical flow.
12 points
Most of the components of the Abstract are present. The Abstract for the Literature Review is presented in a clear manner. The Abstract flow can be followed.
1 to 11 points
The Abstract does not include all the components. The Abstract is unclear or confusing.
0 points
Not present
Structure 30%
Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not Present
Abstract: Grammar and Spelling, APA formatting
(30%)
6 points
Spelling and grammar are correct. Sentences are complete, clear, and concise.
The paragraph contains appropriately varied sentence structures. The Abstract is formatted per APA. A cover sheet is present that is formatted per APA.
5 points
Spelling and grammar has some errors. Sentences are presented as well. The paragraph contains some varied sentence structures. Some APA formatting issues are present. A cover sheet is present that is formatted per APA.
1 to 4 points
Spelling and grammar errors distract. Sentences are incomplete or unclear. The Paragraph is poorly formed. APA formatting is not used. There is not a cover sheet present.
0 points
Not present
BUSI 610
Literature Review
Annotated Bibliography Rubric
(80 Points)
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not present
Annotated Bibliography: Content
52 to 56 points
All key components of the Annotated bibliography are present. The bibliography contains the fifteen scholarly sources that are three years old or less. The sources are current and relevant to the topic. An annotation exists for each source listed. Each annotation correctly summarizes/describes the corresponding source and demonstrates critical thinking skills regarding interpretation and application of material.
47 to 51 points
Most of the components of the Annotated bibliography are present. The bibliography contains at least 14 scholarly sources that are three years old or less. All the sources are current and relevant to the topic. An annotation exists for each source listed. Each annotation correctly summarizes/describes the corresponding source and demonstrates critical thinking skills regarding interpretation and application of material.
1 to 46 points
The Annotated bibliography does not include all the components. The bibliography contains less than 14 scholarly sources that are three years old or less. An annotation does not exist for each source. Each annotation does not correctly summarizes/describes the corresponding source or demonstrates critical thinking skills regarding interpretation and application of material.
0 points
Not present
Structure 30%
Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not present
Annotated Bibliography: Gra.
1. BUSI 610
Literature Review
Abstract Rubric
(20 Points)
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not Present
Abstract: Content
13 to 14 points
All key components of the Abstract are present. The Abstract
for the Literature Review is clearly articulated. The Abstract
has a clear, logical flow.
12 points
Most of the components of the Abstract are present. The
Abstract for the Literature Review is presented in a clear
manner. The Abstract flow can be followed.
1 to 11 points
The Abstract does not include all the components. The Abstract
is unclear or confusing.
0 points
Not present
Structure 30%
2. Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not Present
Abstract: Grammar and Spelling, APA formatting
(30%)
6 points
Spelling and grammar are correct. Sentences are complete,
clear, and concise.
The paragraph contains appropriately varied sentence structures.
The Abstract is formatted per APA. A cover sheet is present
that is formatted per APA.
5 points
Spelling and grammar has some errors. Sentences are presented
as well. The paragraph contains some varied sentence
structures. Some APA formatting issues are present. A cover
sheet is present that is formatted per APA.
1 to 4 points
Spelling and grammar errors distract. Sentences are incomplete
or unclear. The Paragraph is poorly formed. APA formatting is
not used. There is not a cover sheet present.
0 points
Not present
BUSI 610
Literature Review
Annotated Bibliography Rubric
(80 Points)
Criteria
3. Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not present
Annotated Bibliography: Content
52 to 56 points
All key components of the Annotated bibliography are present.
The bibliography contains the fifteen scholarly sources that are
three years old or less. The sources are current and relevant to
the topic. An annotation exists for each source listed. Each
annotation correctly summarizes/describes the corresponding
source and demonstrates critical thinking skills regarding
interpretation and application of material.
47 to 51 points
Most of the components of the Annotated bibliography are
present. The bibliography contains at least 14 scholarly sources
that are three years old or less. All the sources are current and
relevant to the topic. An annotation exists for each source
listed. Each annotation correctly summarizes/describes the
corresponding source and demonstrates critical thinking skills
regarding interpretation and application of material.
1 to 46 points
The Annotated bibliography does not include all the
components. The bibliography contains less than 14 scholarly
sources that are three years old or less. An annotation does not
exist for each source. Each annotation does not correctly
summarizes/describes the corresponding source or demonstrates
critical thinking skills regarding interpretation and application
of material.
0 points
Not present
Structure 30%
4. Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not present
Annotated Bibliography: Grammar and Spelling, APA
formatting
(30%)
22 to 24 points
Spelling and grammar are correct. Sentences are complete,
clear, and concise.
The annotations contain appropriately varied sentence
structures. The bibliography is formatted per APA. The entries
are properly formatted. A cover sheet is present that is
formatted per APA.
20 to 21 points
Spelling and grammar has some errors. Sentences are presented
as well. The annotations contain some varied sentence
structures. Some APA formatting issues are present. A cover
sheet is present that is formatted per APA.
1 to 19 points
Spelling and grammar errors distract. Sentences are incomplete
or unclear. The annotations are poorly formed. APA formatting
is not used. There is not a cover sheet present.
0 points
Not present
BUSI 610
Literature Review Assignment
(250 Points)
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced
5. Proficient
Developing
Not present
Literature Review: Cover Page
7 points
All needed components of the cover page are included and
correctly reflected.
6 points
Most of the components of the cover page are included and
correctly reflected.
1 to 5 points
The cover page minimally includes the required components
0 points
Not present
Literature Review:
Abstract
13 to 14 points
All key components of the Abstract are present. The Abstract
for the Literature Review is clearly articulated. The Abstract
has a clear, logical flow.
12 points
Most of the components of the Abstract are present. The
Abstract for the Literature Review is presented in a clear
manner. The Abstract flow can be followed.
1 to 11 points
The Abstract does not include all the components. The Abstract
is unclear or confusing.
0 points
Not present
Literature Review:
Outline
7 points
The outline is present. The outline is well developed and
includes headings and subheadings. The framework of the
Literature review is apparent and well established. It includes
6. all the required components as follows:
· Title page
· Abstract
· Introduction
· Findings
· Conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions for further
study
· References
6 points
The outline is present. Most of the components of the outline
are present. The outline contains headings and some
subheadings. The framework of the Literature review can be
seen but work is required.
1 to 5 points
The outline is not complete. Many components are not present
for the outline. The framework of the Literature Review is not
apparent.
0 points
Not present
Literature Review:
Introduction
13 to 14 points
There is a clear thesis statement that specifies the topic that is
going to be addressed. The introduction provides a clear
overview of the Literature Review’s contents. The introduction
f is clearly articulated. The introduction has a clear, logical
flow.
12 points
Most of the components of the introduction are present. The
introduction for is presented in a clear manner. The introduction
flow can be followed.
1 to 11 points
The introduction does not include all the components. The
introduction is unclear or confusing.
0 points
7. Not present
Literature Review:
Content
84 to 91 points
All key components of the Literature Review are present. The
body of the paper includes clarity and relevancy of material
with the appropriate level of citations. The assignment has a
clear, logical flow. Major points are stated clearly. Major points
are supported by good examples or thoughtful analysis. At least
fifteen peer reviewed references are included that are three
years old or less. The issues raised regarding the topic are
properly treated.
Differing viewpoints are considered, analyzed, and treated. The
analysis is thorough.
76 to 83 points
Most of the components of the Literature Review are present
with the appropriate level of citations. The content has a logical
flow. Major points are stated reasonably well. Major points are
supported by good examples or thoughtful analysis. At least
fourteen peer reviewed references are included that are three
years old or less.
1 to 75 points
The major points are addressed minimally without the
appropriate level of citations. The assignment lacks flow or
content. Major points are unclear or confusing. Major points are
not supported by examples or thoughtful analysis. Less than
fourteen peer reviewed references are included that are three
years old or less.
0 points
Not present
Literature Review:
Conclusion and Recommendations
19 to 21 points
The conclusion offers a good summary of the issues treated in
the Literature Review. The conclusion offers suggestions for
further study with the appropriate level of citations. The
8. conclusion has a clear, logical flow. Major points are
summarized clearly. Major points are supported by good
examples or thoughtful analysis.
18 points
For the most part, the conclusion offers a good summary of the
issues treated in the Literature Review. The conclusion offers
suggestions for further study with the appropriate level of
citations. The conclusion has a logical flow. Major points are
stated reasonably well. Major points are supported by good
examples or thoughtful analysis.
1 to 17 points
The conclusion doe not have the appropriate level of citations to
support the summary. The conclusion lacks flow and/or
content. Major points are unclear or confusing. Major points are
not supported by examples or thoughtful analysis.
0 points
Not present
Literature Review:
Materials/
Sources
19 to 21 points
The bibliography contains a minimum of 15 scholarly sources.
The sources are current (three years old or less). The treatment
of the topic is logically oriented.
18 points
The bibliography contains a minimum of 14 scholarly sources.
The sources are current (three years old or less). The topic is
handled reasonably well.
1 to 17 points
The bibliography does not contain a minimum of 14 scholarly
sources. The sources are not current. The treatment of the topic
is unclear or confusing.
0 points
Not present
Structure 30%
9. Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not present
Literature Review: Grammar and Spelling, APA formatting,
Style
(30%)
69 to 75 points
Spelling and grammar are correct. Sentences are complete,
clear, and concise.
Paragraphs contain appropriately varied sentence structures.
Where applicable, references are cited in current APA format.
The Literature Review uses current APA format correctly. The
paper contains a minimum of 16 pages of content that does not
include the cover page, Abstract, outline, reference page, or
charts/tables.
63 to 68 points
Spelling and grammar has some errors. Sentences are presented
as well. Paragraphs contain some varied sentence structures.
Where applicable, references are cited with some APA
formatting. There is some APA formatting issues in the paper.
The paper contains a minimum of 14 pages of content that does
not include the cover page, Abstract, outline, reference page, or
charts/tables.
1 to 62 points
Spelling and grammar errors distract. Sentences are incomplete
or unclear. Paragraphs are poorly formed. Where applicable,
references are minimally or not cited in current APA format.
The paper contains many APA formatting issues. The paper
does not contain a minimum of 14 pages of content.
0 points
Not present
BUSI 610
Literature Review
10. Title Page and Outline Rubric
(50 Points)
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not present
Title Page and Outline: Content
32 to 35 points
The title page and outline are present. The title page contains
the required components. The outline is well developed and
includes headings and subheadings. The framework of the
Literature review is apparent and well established. It includes
all the required components as follows:
· Title page
· Abstract
· Introduction
· Findings
· Conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions for further
study
· References
29 to 31 points
The title page and outline are present. Most of the components
of the title page and outline are present. The outline contains
headings and some subheadings. The framework of the
Literature review can be seen but work is required.
1 to 28 points
The title page or outline are not complete. Many components
are not present for the title page and/or the outline. The
framework of the Literature Review is not apparent.
11. 0 points
Not present
Structure 30%
Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not present
Title Page and Outline: Grammar and Spelling, APA formatting
(30%)
14 to 15 points
Spelling and grammar are correct. The assignment includes an
outline that was per the APA format (Alphanumeric, Full
sentence, or decimal). The entries are properly formatted. A
cover sheet (title page) is present that is formatted per APA.
13 points
Spelling and grammar has some errors. Some APA formatting
issues are present. A cover sheet (title page) is present that is
formatted per APA.
1 to 12 points
Spelling and grammar errors distract. The annotations are
poorly formed. APA formatting is not used. There is not a cover
sheet (title page) present or it is not formatted per APA
0 points
Not present
BUSI 610
Literature Review Instructions
What Is a Literature Review?
A literature review is a survey and a discussion of the literature
in a given area of study. It is a concise overview of what has
been studied, argued, and established about a topic; it is
generally organized chronologically or thematically. A
literature review is also written in essay format.
A literature review is not an annotated bibliography because it
12. groups related works together and discusses trends and
developments rather than focusing on one item at a time. It is
also not a summary; rather, a literature review evaluates
previous and current research in regards to how relevant and/or
useful it is and how it relates to your own research. Therefore, a
literature review is more than an annotated bibliography or a
summary because you are organizing and presenting your
sources in terms of their overall relationship to your problem
statement.
A literature review is written to highlight specific arguments
and ideas in a field of study. By highlighting these arguments,
the writer attempts to show what has been studied in the field
and also where there are weaknesses, gaps, or areas needing
further study. The literature review must also demonstrate to the
reader why the writer’s research is useful, necessary, important,
and valid.
Literature reviews can have different types of audiences, so
consider why and for whom you are writing your review. For
example, many literature reviews are written as a chapter for a
thesis or dissertation in order to support a proposal or are
written in order to help the writer develop a base of knowledge
in a particular business area.
Asking the following questions will assist you in sifting through
your sources and organizing your literature review. Remember,
your Literature Review organizes the previous research in light
of what you are planning to do in your own project.
· What's been done in this topic area to date? What are the
significant discoveries, key concepts, arguments, and/or
theories that scholars have put forward? Which are the
important works?
· On which particular areas of the topic has previous research
concentrated? Have there been developments over time? What
methodologies have been used?
13. · Are there any gaps in the research? Are there areas that have
not been looked at closely yet but should be? Are there new
ways of looking at the topic?
· Are there improved methodologies for researching this
subject?
· What future directions should research in this subject take?
· How will your research build on or depart from current and
previous research on the topic? What contribution will your
research make to the field?
How Do I Organize and Structure the Literature Review?
There are several ways to organize and structure a literature
review. Two common ways are chronologically and
thematically. You will be using the thematic structure in this
review. In a thematic review, you will group and discuss your
sources in terms of the themes or topics they cover. This
method is often a stronger one organizationally, and it can also
assist you in resisting the urge to summarize your sources. By
grouping themes or topics of research together, you will be able
to demonstrate the types of topics that are important to your
research. For example, if the topic of the literature review is
improving productivity in organizations, then there might be
separate sections of research involving service-oriented
businesses, production-oriented businesses, non-profit
organizations, governmental organizations, etc. Within each
section of a thematic literature review, it is important to discuss
how the research relates to other studies (how is it similar or
different, what other studies have been done, etc.) as well as to
demonstrate how it relates to your own work. This is what the
review is for; do not leave this connection out!
What is the Final Format?
As previously stated, the paper will be written in current APA
format, must be a minimum of 16 pages (not including the title
14. page, abstract, and references), and must utilize at least 15
scholarly references. The final format must include the
following:
· Title page;
· Abstract;
· Outline;
· Introduction (no longer than 1 page);
· Findings (a minimum of 13 pages);
· Conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions for further
study (a minimum of 2 pages); and
· References that are current (less than 3 years) or important for
historical background.
What is the Process?
During the first module/week, the student will choose a topic to
research from the list provided by the instructor. After the topic
has been chosen/provided, you will begin your project. Listed
below is a recommended outline of steps that will assist you in
writing a thematically organized literature review.
1. Annotated bibliography: Write a brief critical synopsis of
each as you read articles, books, etc. on your topic. After going
through your reading list, you will have an abstract or
annotation of each source you read. Later annotations are likely
to include more references to other works since you will have
your previous readings to compare, but, at this point, the
important goal is to get accurate critical summaries of each
individual work.
2. Thematic organization: Write some brief paragraphs outlining
your categories that state how, in general, the works in each
category relate to each other, how the categories relate to each
other, and how the categories relate to your overall theme. Find
common themes in the works you read and organize the works
into categories. Typically, each work you include in your
review can fit into 1 category or sub-theme of your main theme;
occasionally, a work can fit in more than 1 category (if each
work you read can fit into all the categories you list, you
15. probably need to rethink your organization).
3. More reading: Due to the knowledge that you have gained in
your readings, you now have a better understanding of your
topic and of the literature related to it. Perhaps you have
discovered specific researchers who are important to the field or
research methodologies you were not aware of. Look for more
literature by those authors, on those methodologies, etc. You
may also be able to set aside some less relevant areas or articles
that you pursued initially. Integrate the new readings into your
Literature Review draft. Reorganize your themes and read more
as appropriate.
4. Write individual sections: For each thematic section, use your
draft annotations (it is recommended to reread the articles and
revise annotations, especially those you read first) to write a
section that discusses the articles relevant to that theme. Rather
than focusing your writing on each individual article, focus
your writing on the theme of that section and show how the
articles relate to each other and to the theme. Use the articles as
evidence to support your critique of the theme rather than using
the theme as an angle to discuss each article individually.
5. Integrate sections: Now that you have the thematic sections,
tie them together with an introduction, conclusion, and some
additions/ revisions in the individual sections in order to
demonstrate how they relate to each other and to your overall
theme.
What Additional Points Must I Consider?
The following are some points to address when writing about
specific works you are reviewing. In dealing with a
paper/argument/theory, you need to assess it (clearly understand
and state the claim) and analyze it (evaluate its reliability,
usefulness, and validity). Look for the following points as you
assess and analyze the readings. You do not need to state them
all explicitly, but keep them in mind as you write your review:
16. · Be specific and be succinct. Briefly state specific findings
listed in an article, specific methodologies used in a study, or
other important points. Literature reviews are not the place for
long quotes or an in-depth analysis of each point.
· Be selective. You are attempting to reduce a lot of information
into a small space. Mention just the most important points
(those most relevant to the review's focus) in each work you
review.
· Is it a current article? How old is it? Have its claims,
evidence, or arguments been superseded by more recent work?
If it is not current, is it important for historical background?
· What specific claims are made? Are they stated clearly?
· What support is given for those claims?
· What evidence and what type (experimental, statistical,
anecdotal, etc.) are offered? Is the evidence relevant?
Sufficient?
· What arguments are given? What assumptions are made and
are they warranted?
· A word of caution: It is absolutely essential that you
understand your article. If you do not understand the article, do
not use it. Also, do not depend on the abstract or the conclusion
for a full understanding of what the article says; you can often
be misled.
How Do I Find the Literature?
Just as there are many avenues for the literature to be published
and disseminated, there are many avenues for searching for and
finding the literature. There are, for example, a variety of
general and subject-specific indexes that list citations to
publications (books, articles, conference proceedings,
dissertations, etc.). The Liberty University Online Student
17. Library Services website has links to the library catalog as well
as many indexes and databases in which to search for resources;
it also provides you with subject guides that list resources
appropriate for specific academic disciplines. When you find
appropriate books, articles, etc., look in its bibliographies for
other publications and also for other authors writing about the
same topics. For research assistance tailored to your topic,
please email the Liberty University Online Librarian.
Tips on Identifying and Organizing Your Findings
There is no way to predict what themes you will find. The
themes could include definitions, topics, theories, agreements,
and even disagreements in the literature. Design a descriptive
code word or a few phrases to define each theme (some people
even use different colored highlighters to assist them in
organization). With 15 articles and 16 pages of content, you
will likely have anywhere between 4–6 major themes for your
Literature Review: Final. However, it is highly unlikely that
each of the 15 articles that you read will contain all the themes
that you have identified. Below is an example of 10
hypothetical articles with 4 hypothetical themes.
Article
Theme
1
A
2
A, B
3
D
4
B
5
A, D
6
A, C
7
B, C
18. 8
A, B, C
9
A, B, C, D
10
B, C
The chart is not very helpful except as a prelude to further
organization. Your Literature Review must be written
thematically, not chronologically. You will not be reviewing
one article after another in your Literature Review; rather, you
will be investigating the themes contained in those articles.
Therefore, the organization of your articles will look similar to
the following example:
Theme
Articles Cited
A
1, 2, 5, 8, 9
B
2, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10
C
6, 7, 8, 9, 10
D
3, 5, 9
You may be pondering as to which theme will go first.
Ultimately, the order of the themes is your decision, but keep
the thematic organization logical. The themes provide the
subheadings for the content of your Literature Review;
therefore, this is an efficient way to organize and write your
paper.
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