code of ethics

1. Professional Development and Ethics
Topic
Violation of Code of ethics in
nursing
Presented to
Sir Amjad Ali
Presented By
Faisal Joel
Nadir Iqbal
Aqsa
Shiv Lal
Imam Din

2. OBJECTIVES
• After this presentation we will able to discus.
• Define Ethics/code of ethics
• Purpose of Code of ethics
• International Code of Nursing Ethics
• The ICN Code
• Ethical principle
• Moral Distress
• Importance of Ethics in nursing
• Ethical Responsibility of the Nurses
• Ethics in Nursing and Morality

3. Ethics
• Ethics : Greek word ethos= character
• Code of ethics : is a guideline for performance and
standards and personal responsibility.
-Lillie M S and Juanita Lee

4. PURPOSE
• Standards for the behaviors of nurse & provide
general guideline for nursing action.
• Helps to distinguish between right & wrong.
• Enables a correct decision.
• Protect the rights of individual.

5. INTERNATIONAL CODE OF NURSING
ETHICS
• An international code of ethics for nurses was first adopted by the
International Council of Nurses (ICN) in 1953. It has been revised
and reaffirmed at various times since, most recently with this
review and revision completed in 2005.
• PREAMBLE
• Nurses have four fundamental responsibilities: to promote health,
to prevent illness, to restore health and to alleviate suffering. The
need for nursing is universal.
• Inherent in nursing is respect for human rights, including cultural
rights, the right to life and choice, to dignity and to be treated with
respect. Nursing care is respectful of and unrestricted by
considerations of age, color, creed, culture, disability or illness,
gender, sexual orientation, nationality, politics, race or social
status.
• Nurses render health services to the individual, the family and the
community and co-ordinate their services with those of related
groups.

6. THE ICN CODE
• The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses has following
principal elements that outline the standards of
ethical conduct.
1. Nurses and People
2. Nurses and Practice
3. Nurses and the profession
4. Nurses and Co-workers
5. Nurses and society

7. Ethical principles
• Autonomy: Independence, self determonition,self
reliance
• Justice: Fairness or equity
• Fidelity: Faithfulness, striving to keep promises
• Beneficence: Actively seeking benefits; promotion
of good
• Nonmaleficience: Actively seeking to do not harm.

8. ETHICAL ISSUE IN NURSING
• MORAL DISTRESS
Moral distress (MD) was first described in the 1980s
and was expressed as suffering that arises from
incoherence between one’s actions and convictions.
In other words, one knows what is the right thing to
do but recognizes herself/himself as unable to
pursue such an action.

9. 80% of nurses experience moral distress at work. It's
one of the main reasons why nurses quit the
profession.”
Moral distress was originally defined as occurring
when one knows the right thing to do, but
institutional constraints make it nearly impossible
to pursue the right course of action. Most nurses
can give examples of personal moral
distress because several issues in healthcare
increase the risk of it.

10. ETIOLOGY OF MORAL DISTRESS
• institutional constraints
• lack of power
• lack of resources and/or support
• legal limits
• when nurses disagree with a course of action that has been
chosen
• inability to complete basic nursing function/role
• Declining resources
• Conflict of use of resources, violation of personal morals/values,
• Poor quality & futile care
• Unsuccessful advocacy
• Policy constraints
• Treatment of patients as objects

11. MANIFESTATIONS

13. IMPLICATIONS & OUTCOMES
• Lack of power in decision making
• Feelings of guilt, limits self efficacy
• Job dissatisfaction & High turnover
• Abandonment of the profession
• High cost for training, recruitment.

14. Prevention & Coping Strategies for Moral
Distress
Educational Dimension
• strengthen reflections about ethical issues,
• use of power,
• maintain ethical dialogue with other professionals,
• promote socializing and discussions about care
provided

15. COMMUNICATIVE DIMENSION
• Multi professional
communication
• Ethical Committee
Rounds

16. Organizational Dimension
• Involvement of Nurse leaders in creating
organizational policies & decisions.
• Incorporating safety measures
• Hire more nurses
• Improve ethical practices

17. Other Strategies include
• Analysis of Cause
• Self awareness/ self monitoring
• Address real issues
• Debriefing/ talking about it
• Holding Ethical dialogue with senior professionals
• Skill building
• Working out grief, coping
• Getting assistance in ‘Letting go’

18. NEED FOR NURSING ETHICS
• Helps the students/ RN to practice ethically
• Helps the nurse to identify the ethical issues in her
work place
• Protecting patients right and dignity
• Providing care with possible risk to the nurses health
• Staffing patterns that limit the patients access to
nursing care
• Ethical reasoning Helps the nurse to respond to ethical
conflicts
• Helps to differentiate right /wrong behavior
• Guide for a professional behavior
• Help teachers plan education.

19. CODE OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT FOR
NURSES
• Professional responsibility and accountability:
Nurse Maintains standards of personal conduct. It is accountable
for his/her own decisions and actions.
It is responsible for the continuous improvement of current
practices
• Nursing Practice:
Provide care in accordance with set standards of practice
Treats all individuals and families with human dignity. Ensures safe
practice
• Communication and interpersonal relationships
• Valuing human being
Encourages, Respect and supports individual
• Management
Proper management of resources and unfortunate is essential for
improving the over all efficiency of the nurse.

20. IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS IN NURSING
Ethics are a fundamental part of nursing. All
nurses should have respect for their patients,
protect their rights and maintain
dignity. Nurses should create a favorable
environment for mutual trust and respect between
the patients and rest of healthcare professionals.

21. Ethical Responsibility of the Nurses
• Nurses should maintain a high level of professional
competency by participating in professional
development and continuing their education. The
ethical responsibilities for nurses include
promotion of health, alleviating suffering and
preventing disease.
• Code of Ethics for Nurses states that nurses have
the responsibility to provide care to patients as
well as their families or associated groups.

23. References
• www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.com
• WWW.NCBI.NLM.GOV/PUBMED
• WWW.DSR.DK/SER/DOCUMENTS/ICN CODE
• WWW.ICN.CH/ABOUT-ICN/CODE OF ETHICS FOR NURSES
• WWW.NURSING WORLD.ORG/.../CODE OF ETHICS FOR
NURSES
• Fowler, M.D.M., 2008. Guide to the code of ethics for
nurses: Interpretation and application. Nursesbooks. org.
• Winland-Brown, Jill, Vicki D. Lachman, and Elizabeth
O'Connor Swanson. "The new'code of ethics for nurses
with interpretive statements'(2015): Practical clinical
application, part I." Medsurg Nursing 24.4 (2015): 268.