Slum areas world wide

1. SLUM AREAS
WORLD WIDE
Presented by:
• FAISAL IMTIAZ
• HASNAIN ALI
• MEHWISH UAF: 2019/20

2. 1) World Bank:
Urban areas that are suffering from problems of accessibility, informality, a very high
residential densities and inadequate infrastructure and no basic services.
2) Urban Sociologist Bergel:
Slum is an area of substandard housing conditions within city.
3) Britannica Encyclopedia:
A densely populated area of substandard houses, usually in a city, characterized
by the unsanitary conditions and social disorganization.

3. Slums are characteristics that vary from place to
place.
1) Slums are usually characterized by urban decay,
high rates of poverty, and unemployment.
2) They are commonly seen as “breeding grounds”
for social problems such as crime, dugs addiction,
alcoholism, high rates of mental illness, and
suicide.

4. 1) Appearance:
A slum looks neglected with disorderly buildings, roads and yards.
2) Economic status:
Slum is a poverty prone area generally poor people reside there.
3) Overcrowding:
This is a specific characteristic of slum.
4) Population:
A slum may have separate area of language, culture, economic, and religious and
caste groups.
5) No legal rights:
A lack of legal rights to land only makes the daily struggle worse, threatening people’s
homes and efforts to invest in essential services.

5. 6) Moral:
The socially disorganized slum may prove to be an area of criminal behavior.
7) Social isolation:
The slum area is the lowest social status and it is usually linked up with the rest of the
community through its labor force.
8) Health & Sanitation:
The slum is characterized by low standard of sanitation and is often neglected most by
the public service for sanitation.
9) Fire Hazards:
The slum area are often exposed to fire accidents and consequent damages.

6. Notified Slums:
All notified areas in a town or city notified as “SLUM” by the state,
Administration or local government.
Recognized Slums:
All area recognized by as slum by state, Administration or local government
which may not been formally notified as slum under any act.
Identified Slums:
A compact area of at least 300 population or about 60-70 households of poorly
built congested tenements, in unhygienic environment usually with inadequate
infrastructure and lacking in proper sanitary and drinking water facilities are
considered as identified slums.

7. 1) It is vicious cycle of population growth, people migrate to cities
for job opportunities but are not well educated and get low
income.
2) Unable to find housing which they can afford, they decided to
build their own shelter close to work place. First one shelter
then two and then ten thousands.
3) Politicians look at slums as vote bank. They provide electricity
and drinking water. They organize unauthorized occupants for
political purposes hence slums took a bit of a permanent shape.
4) The key reason for slums is the slow economic progress.

8. 1) Urbanization:
2) Industrialization:
3) Higher productivity in these tertiary sectors against primary
sectors makes cities and towns centers of economic growth and
jobs.
4) Cities act as beacons for the rural population as they represent a
higher standard of living and offer opportunities to people not
available in rural areas. This results in large scale migration form
rural to urban areas.
5) Negative consequences of urban pull results in up coming slums
characterized by housing shortage and critical inadequacies in
public utilities, overcrowding, unhygienic conditions, etc.

9. 1) Absence of Facilities:
 The surrounding area of slums is lacking in essential amenities in required proportion
because of over crowding.
2) Health:
 The persons residing in slums are easily attached by various types of diseases. The climate
of slums is such that it easily leads to unhealthy conditions.
3) Surrounding locality:
 The working of institution like library, schools, hospitals, etc. located nearby slums is
seriously effected.
4) Undesirable spots:
 It disturbs the appearance of a city plan.
5) Working conditions:
 It is not possible to work peacefully in slums because the whole area is full of noise, traffic
congestion, smoke, dust and darkness.

10. 1. Khayelitsha, Cape Town, (SOUTH AFRICA)
 Population: 4,00,000
 Area: 14.95 (square mile)
 Density: 26,000/ square mile
 Caste/ Origin: 99% Black
 Sanitation: 20,000 people who share just 380 toilets
 Income: 1800 US dollars per household per years.
2. Kibera, Nairobi, (KEYNIA)
 Population: 7,00,000
 Area:
 Density:
 Caste/ Origin: black African
 Sanitation:

11. 1. Dharavi, Mumbai, (INDIA)
1. Population: 10,00,000
2. Area: 200 hectares
3. Density: 869,565 people per square mile
4. Sanitation: One toilet for 1440 persons
5. Income: 500 to 2000 $ per year.
2. Ciudad Neza, Mexico city (MAXICO):
1. Population: 12,00,000
3. Orangi Town, Karachi, (PAKISTAN)
1. Population: 24,00,000