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You Should Read This! Let Me Explain You Why
           Explaining News Recommendations to Users


                R. Blanco, Yahoo! Research Barcelona
  D. Ceccarelli, C. Lucchese, R. Perego, F. Silvestri, ISTI – CNR, Pisa
Explaining News Recommendations
• News recommendations are shown to users
  but
  – even in the case that a relevant news item has
    been recommended, a user will access it only if
    she thinks is relevant before clicking.
• There can be different ways of generating
  explanations
  – machine learning methods to rank explanations in
    order to maximize the usefulness of the
    recommendation itself.
Explanations Explained
           Different Types of Explanations
           •   Content Based
                – SIMILARITY, SIMILARITYSNIPPET,
                  TARGETSNIPPET, TAGSPLANATION.
           •   Entity Based
                – SHAREDENTITY, TARGETENTITY,
                  DISTINCTENTITIES, TARGETIMAGE, IMAGES,
                  SHAREDPLACES, TARGETPLACES,
                  CATEGORIES.
           •   Usage Based
                – POPULARITY, QUERIES,
                  TARGETQUERYBIASEDSNIPPET,
                  SOURCEQUERYBIASEDSNIPPET.
Markov Logic Networks
• Rule-based Learning System. Example of rules we used:
   – !HasExpl(r,e) => !Relevant(r,e)
      • When an explanation e cannot be computed for a pair r, then the
        explanation is not relevant
   – HasExpl(r,+e) => Relevant(r,+e)
      • For each explanation, learn how much it is relevant for a
        recommendation
   – ShareMainEntity(r) => Relevant(r,+e)
      • Learn the relevance of an explanation given the fact that two news
        share the same main entity
   – TargetHasEntities(r) => Relevant(r,+e)
      • Learn the relevance of an explanation given the fact that the target
        contains entity annotations
Experiments
• Dataset built on a Yahoo! News collection
• Relevance judgments manually built by professional editors
   – Goal: understand if the explanation improves appeal of recommended
     news
Quality of Explanations
Conclusions
• We have defined the problem of news
  recommendations explanation
• We propose 16 different types of explanation
   – Automatically generated using IR and Entity-based
     methods
• We have created a dataset for the learning and
  evaluation of explanation techniques.
• We have evaluated a MLN-based method for
  approaching the problem solution
   – Works better than the static baseline and better than
     other state-of-the-art learning methods (e.g. Rank-SVM)

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You Should This! Let me explain to you why.

  • 1. You Should Read This! Let Me Explain You Why Explaining News Recommendations to Users R. Blanco, Yahoo! Research Barcelona D. Ceccarelli, C. Lucchese, R. Perego, F. Silvestri, ISTI – CNR, Pisa
  • 2. Explaining News Recommendations • News recommendations are shown to users but – even in the case that a relevant news item has been recommended, a user will access it only if she thinks is relevant before clicking. • There can be different ways of generating explanations – machine learning methods to rank explanations in order to maximize the usefulness of the recommendation itself.
  • 3. Explanations Explained Different Types of Explanations • Content Based – SIMILARITY, SIMILARITYSNIPPET, TARGETSNIPPET, TAGSPLANATION. • Entity Based – SHAREDENTITY, TARGETENTITY, DISTINCTENTITIES, TARGETIMAGE, IMAGES, SHAREDPLACES, TARGETPLACES, CATEGORIES. • Usage Based – POPULARITY, QUERIES, TARGETQUERYBIASEDSNIPPET, SOURCEQUERYBIASEDSNIPPET.
  • 4.
  • 5. Markov Logic Networks • Rule-based Learning System. Example of rules we used: – !HasExpl(r,e) => !Relevant(r,e) • When an explanation e cannot be computed for a pair r, then the explanation is not relevant – HasExpl(r,+e) => Relevant(r,+e) • For each explanation, learn how much it is relevant for a recommendation – ShareMainEntity(r) => Relevant(r,+e) • Learn the relevance of an explanation given the fact that two news share the same main entity – TargetHasEntities(r) => Relevant(r,+e) • Learn the relevance of an explanation given the fact that the target contains entity annotations
  • 6. Experiments • Dataset built on a Yahoo! News collection • Relevance judgments manually built by professional editors – Goal: understand if the explanation improves appeal of recommended news
  • 8. Conclusions • We have defined the problem of news recommendations explanation • We propose 16 different types of explanation – Automatically generated using IR and Entity-based methods • We have created a dataset for the learning and evaluation of explanation techniques. • We have evaluated a MLN-based method for approaching the problem solution – Works better than the static baseline and better than other state-of-the-art learning methods (e.g. Rank-SVM)