EuFMD OS20

1. Introduction
A spatial model was created to identify the areas that fit the World Organisation for
Animal Health (OIE) definition integrating artificial and natural obstacles and on
knowledge of national and international experts to establishment of zoning for foot and
mouth disease (FMD) control at a lower cost.
A new approach to fight against foot and mouth disease inTunisia using a
spatial model and a zoning approach
Oumaima Mtaallah (1, 2, 3)*, Cécile Squarzoni-Diaw (2, 4)*, Sana Kalthoum (5), Rachid Bouguedour (3), Facundo Muñoz (1, 2),AnneliseTran (1, 2, 6, 7) & Caroline Coste † (1, 2)
1 CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France
2 ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
3WorldOrganization for Animal Health(OIE) Sub-Regional Representation for North Africa,Tunis,Tunisia
4 CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-97490 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France
5 National Center of ZoosanitaryVigilance, 33 Avenue Charles Nicolle,Tunis,Tunisia
6 CIRAD, UMRTETIS, F-97490 Sainte-Clotide, La Réunion, France.
7TETIS, Univ-Montpellier, AgroParisTech, CNRS, INRAE, Montpelier, France.
*oumaima,mtallah@gmail.com
References
1. Carver S.J. (1991). – Integrating multi-criteria evaluation with geographical information systems. International journal of geographical information systems, 5 (3), 321–339. doi:10.1080/02693799108927858.
2. Saaty R.W. (1987). – The analytic hierarchy process- what it is and how it is used. Math. Model., 9 (3–5), 161–176.
3. Goepel K.D. (2018). – Implementation of an Online SoftwareTool for the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP-OS). Int. J.Ana. Hier. Pro, 10 (3), 469–487. doi:https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v10i3.590.
4. Najeh A. (2018). – Agriculture, inégalités et développement régional enTunisie : une analyse par une grille articulant les cinq formes de capital. , Montpellier, France. p 24
5. Onagri (2017). – Enquete de dénombrement du cheptel 2016-2017.Available at: www.onagri.nat.tn/uploadsstatistiques/cheptel2016-2017 (accessed on 1 March 2018).
6. Ministère de l’agriculture des ressources hydrauliques et de la pêche (2019). – Quantités journalières de pluies enregistrées sur 125 stations réparties sur toute la Tunisie.Available at: http://www.agridata.tn/fr/dataset/pluviometriques-journalieres-
observees/resource/e93a4205-84de-47a5-bcdb-e00520b15e10 (accessed on 19 May 2018).
Methods [1–3]
• The Geographic information system based MultiCriteria Evaluation approach (GIS-MCE)
was developed in three steps
• Eight national and international experts : prioritize the obstacles and quantify the degree
of obstacles importance using a pairwise comparison matrix
• The weight of each obstacle was calculated from the matrix
• Value of the weights = [0 -100%]
• The final weight / obstacles = average of the calculated weights attributed by the experts.
• The coherence ratio (CR) and obstacle weights attributed by the experts were calculated
using the Analytic Hierarchy Process.
Obstacles were combined, taking into account their relative importance, and create a
friction map that makes it possible to visualize areas where animal movements are
restricted:
Areas of high friction  Bigger obstacles to animal movements
Areas of low friction  Animal can move freely
Conclusion
To meet the OIE recommendations, accompanying measures will be needed to insure the establishment and maintenance of the disease free status in
the Cap Bon zone such as surveillance of animal movements, an early detection and rapid intervention when a case of FMD is suspected.
A regional type approach resulting from this work could indeed be a major asset in identifying zonal regions in North Africa.
Results
Friction values = [0 and 60%] represented by a color gradient (Figure1) :
White (no obstacles at all)
Dark red (many obstacles)
Three zones were identified taking into account the socio-economic, climatic and
epidemiological context (Table1)[4–6] :
Only Cap Bon is a favorable zone, with good climate conditions, characterized by regular
rainfall, and fertile soil. The peninsula is connected to the rest of the country by a national
road, a railway and a 40 km highway, and could consequently be controlled.
A
A
Flow diagram of GIS-MCE steps
Figure 1: Friction map
Tableau 1: Characteristics of three zones