This document discusses how Java 8 features can improve test automation. It covers lambda expressions, streams, and other Java 8 features that enable more declarative programming and reduce code. Examples show filtering, mapping, and reducing collections of data in more concise ways using streams. The document also discusses Java interfaces, preconditions for testing, entity-driven testing with Java Driver Interface, and new features in Java 9.

1. JAVA EDGE IN
TEST AUTOMATION
28 MAY 2017

2. 2CONFIDENTIAL
Chief QA Automation
More than 12 years in testing
About 10 in test automation
ROMAN IOVLEV

3. 3CONFIDENTIAL
• Java 8
• Lambdas
• Declarative programming
• Examples
• Interfaces
• Data with Lombok
• Java 9 expectations
TOPICS

4. 4CONFIDENTIAL
• “How does Java 8 exert hidden power on Test
Automation?” (https://goo.gl/uT4XfN)
• “Test UI with JDI: easy, simple and good”
(http://goo.gl/Mwta77, https://goo.gl/1kxZS2)
• “Java Tip of the Week #1 – Lombok”
(https://goo.gl/Toxyeh)
INSPIRED WITH

5. JAVA 8
5
λ

6. 6CONFIDENTIAL
public Function<Integer, String> toStr = i -> i.toString();
public void print(int num, Function<Integer, String> func) {
func.apply(num);
}
print(22, i -> (i / 10)+”decades”);
print(3, toStr);
print(-30, i -> { if (i >0) return i.toString();
return –i; } );
FUNCTION AS VARIABLE

7. 7CONFIDENTIAL
{3, 1, 4, 5, 2, 8, 10, 12, 0, 4, 2, 1, 10, -1}
STREAM
• Even numbers > 3
• Only unique values
• Sorted by Ascending
• Cut 2 lowest and highest values
• Wrap rest of numbers with “( n )”
• And print
“(8)(10)”

8. 8CONFIDENTIAL
//32 strings
public String printResultsJava7(Integer[] strings) {
// Filter
List<Integer> filtered = new ArrayList<>();
for (int s : strings)
if (s > 3 && s % 2 == 0)
filtered.add(s);
//Distinct
List<Integer> distinct = new ArrayList<>();
for (int s : filtered)
if (!distinct.contains(s))
distinct.add(s);
// Sort
Object[] sortedArray = distinct.toArray();
Arrays.sort(sortedArray);
// Trim
List<Integer> trimBounds = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < sortedArray.length; i++)
if (i > 0 || i < sortedArray.length)
trimBounds.add((int)sortedArray[i]);
// Map
List<String> print = new ArrayList<>();
for (int s : trimBounds)
print.add("(" + s + ")");
// Reduce
String result = "";
for (String s : print)
result += s + ";";
return result;
}
JAVA 7
// 6 strings
public String printResultsJava7(Integer[] strings) {
List<Integer> filtered = filter(strings);
List<Integer> distinct = distinct(filtered);
Integer[] sortedArray = sort(distinct);
List<Integer> trimBounds = trim(sortedArray);
List<String> print = print(trimBounds);
return reduce(print);
}

9. 9CONFIDENTIAL
public String Filter(Integer[] strings) {
return stream(strings)
.filter(el -> el > 3 && el % 2 == 0)
.distinct()
.sorted()
.skip(1).limit(1)
.map(el -> "(" + el + ")")
.reduce((str, el) -> el + ";").get();
}
JAVA 8

10. 10CONFIDENTIAL
DECLARATIVE PROGRAMMING

11. EXAMPLES
11
λ
https://github.com/epam/JDI

12. 12CONFIDENTIAL
public String getMessage(int httpStatus) {
switch(httpStatus) {
case 404:
return “Page not found”;
case 500:
return “Internal Server error”;
default:
return “Unknown status code”;
}
}
SWITCH

13. 13CONFIDENTIAL
public WebElement getVisibleElement(By locator) {
List<WebElement> elements = driver.findElements(locator);
switch(elements) {
case elements.size() == 1 && elements.get(0).isDisplayed():
return elements.get(0),
case elements.size() > 0:
throw new RuntimeException(
format("Find %s elements instead of 1", els.size()));
default:
throw new RuntimeException("Visible elements not found")
); }
SWITCH IMPOSSIBLE

14. 14CONFIDENTIAL
public WebElement getVisibleElement(By locator) {
List<WebElement> elements = driver.findElements(locator);
return Match(elements).of(
Case(els -> els.size() == 1 && els.get(0).isDisplayed(),
els -> els.get(0)),
Case(els -> els.size() > 0,
els -> { throw new RuntimeException(
format("Find %s elements instead of 1", els.size())); }),
Case($(),
() -> { throw new RuntimeException("Visible elements not found") })
); }
JAVASLANG

15. 15CONFIDENTIAL
• Option.of(null) name.toString()
• Try.of(() – 1/0)
• Tuple(“String”, 1, new MyClass())
• Collections,
• Validate
• Functions etc…
JAVASLANG
http://www.baeldung.com/javaslang

16. 16CONFIDENTIAL
PRECONDITIONS
public enum Preconditions implements IPreconditions {
LOGGED_IN(() -> loggedIn(),
() -> { loginPage.open();
loginForm.login(); }),
CAREERS_PAGE("/careers");
….
} 1.Is in expected state?
2.How to get this state?

17. 17CONFIDENTIAL
PRECONDITIONS
@Test
public void simpleTest() {
isInState(LOGGED_IN)
…
};
States.isLoggedIn();

18. 18CONFIDENTIAL
PRECONDITIONS
public class States() {
public static void isLoggedIn() {
logger.info("Move to condition: " + condition);
if (loggedIn()) return;
logIn();
if (!loggedIn())
throw new Exception(“Can’t log In”);
else
logger.info(“User logedIn succesfullly");
};
}
public class States() {
public static void isLoggedIn() {
logger.info("Move to condition: " + condition);
if (loggedIn()) return;
logIn();
if (!loggedIn())
throw new Exception(“Can’t log In”);
else
logger.info(“User logedIn succesfullly");
};
public static void isLoggedIn() {
logger.info("Move to condition: " + condition);
if (loggedIn()) return;
logIn();
if (!loggedIn())
throw new Exception(“Can’t log In”);
else
logger.info(“User logedIn succesfullly");
};
public static void isLoggedIn() {
logger.info("Move to condition: " + condition);
if (loggedIn()) return;
logIn();
if (!loggedIn())
throw new Exception(“Can’t log In”);
else
logger.info(“User logedIn succesfullly");
};
}
public static void isLoggedIn() {
logger.info("Move to condition: " + condition);
if (loggedIn()) return;
logIn();
if (!loggedIn())
throw new Exception(“Can’t log In”);
else
logger.info(“User logedIn succesfullly");
};
public static void isLoggedIn() {
logger.info("Move to condition: " + condition);
if (loggedIn()) return;
logIn();
if (!loggedIn())
throw new Exception(“Can’t log In”);
else
logger.info(“User logedIn succesfullly");
};
public static void isLoggedIn() {
logger.info("Move to condition: " + condition);
if (loggedIn()) return;
logIn();
if (!loggedIn())
throw new Exception(“Can’t log In”);
else
logger.info(“User logedIn succesfullly");
};
}

19. 19CONFIDENTIAL
ENTITY TABLES
@Data
public class Entity {
public String Номер;
public String Тип;
public String Пользователь;
public String Описание;
}
public class Row {
public Text Номер;
public Dropdown Тип;
public Link Пользователь;
public Description Описание;
}

20. 20CONFIDENTIAL
Row user = UsersTable.firstRow(row ->
textOf(row.description).contains(“tasks”) &&
textOf(row.type).equals(“Admin”));
user.description.choosen.select();
ENTITY TABLES
CheckboxColumn name

21. 21CONFIDENTIAL
ENTITY TABLES
One method instead of
dozens methods for each
combination

22. 22CONFIDENTIAL
FUNCTIONS AND PREDICATES
find(max(Product::getPrice);
find(min(Product::getPrice);
find(max(Product::getName);
find(max(User::getPrice);
getElement(WebElement::isDisplayed, unique);
getDriver(maxSize(chrome));

23. 23CONFIDENTIAL
CUSTOM SCENARIOS
@BeforeSuite (alwaysRun = true)
public static void setUp() {
ActionScenrios.actionScenario = (element, actionName, jAction, level) -> {
logger.info(format("Do '%s' action", actionName));
jAction.invoke();
};
ActionScenrios.resultScenario = (element, actionName, jAction, logResult,
level) -> {
logger.debug(format("Do '%s' action", actionName));
Object result = jAction.get();
logger.info(format("Get '%s' action result: %s", actionName, result));
return result;
};
} Like AOP

24. 24CONFIDENTIAL
Assert.areEquals(() -> getNext(), "IPhone 6");
Assert.contains(() -> getNext(), "IPhone 5");
WAIT ASSERT
Значение станет равно X в течении таймаута

25. 25CONFIDENTIAL
• Incredible flexibility
• Greatly reduce code
amount
PROS N’ CONS
• Learn lambda staff
• Change your and your teammates
mind
• Sometimes more complex debug

26. JAVA 8
26
INTERFACES

27. 27CONFIDENTIAL
public interface IForm<T> {
void submit(String text, String btnName);
default void login(String text) { submit(text, "login"); }
default void loginAs(String text) { login(text); }
default void add(String text) { submit(text, "add"); }
default void publish(String text) { submit(text, "publish"); }
static T ToEntity(IForm<T>) { … }
static final int PAGE_NOT_FOUND = 404;
…
INTERFACES

28. 28CONFIDENTIAL
MULTI INHERITANCE
public interface ITextField {
void input();
void newInput();
String getValue();
}
public interface ICombobox extends IDropDown, ITextField {
}
public interface Dropdown {
void select();
void open();
}
void input();
void newInput();
String getValue();
void select();
void open();

29. JAVA 8
29
DATA

30. 30CONFIDENTIAL
3
DATA CLASS
public class Product {
public String name;
public int id;
public Types type;
}

31. 31CONFIDENTIAL
CONSTRUCTORS AND TOSTRING
public Product() {}
public Product(String name, int id, Types type) {
this.name = name;
this.id = id;
this.type = type;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return String.format("Name: %s, Id: %s, Type: %s", name, id, type);
}
+10

32. 32CONFIDENTIAL
EQUALS AND HASHCODE
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (obj == null) {
return false;
}
if (!Product.class.isAssignableFrom(obj.getClass())) {
return false;
}
final Product other = (Product) obj;
if (name == null)
return other.name == null;
return this.name.equals(other.name) &&
this.id == other.id &&
this.type == other.type;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int hash = 3;
hash = 53 * hash + (name != null ? name.hashCode() : 0);
hash = 53 * hash + id;
hash = 53 * hash + type.hashCode();
return hash;
}
+23

33. 33CONFIDENTIAL
@Data
public class Product {
public String name;
public int id;
public Types type;
}
LOMBOK
36 строк кода
1 аннотация
или

34. 34CONFIDENTIAL
Add different Constructors
Add Getters and Setters
Add Builder pattern
Add good ToString
Add good Equals
LOMBOK
WARNING
This can really confuse
external users

35. ENTITY DRIVEN
TESTING
35

36. 36CONFIDENTIAL
EDT: DATA DRIVEN TESTING
 Provide List<User> for test

37. 37CONFIDENTIAL
EDT: PRECONDITIONS
 Provide List<User> for test
0. Have DefaultUser in DB

38. 38CONFIDENTIAL
EDT: FILL AND SUBMIT
 Provide List<User> for test
0. Have DefaultUser in DB
1. Login with DefaultUser

39. 39CONFIDENTIAL
EDT: FILL AND SEND
 Provide List<User> for test
0. Have DefaultUser in DB
1. Login with DefaultUser
2. Submit Contact Us Form for DefaultUser

40. 40CONFIDENTIAL
EDT: EXTRACT
 Provide List<User> for test
0. Have DefaultUser in DB
1. Login with DefaultUser
2. Submit Contact Us Form for DefaultUser
3. Get Act. Opening from Vacancy table

41. 41CONFIDENTIAL
EDT: VALIDATE
 Provide List<User> for test
0. Have DefaultUser in DB
1. Login with DefaultUser
2. Submit Contact Us Form for DefaultUser
3. Get Act. Opening from Vacancy table
4. Assert Act. Opening equals to Exp. Opening
ExpectedActual

42. 42CONFIDENTIAL
EDT & JDI
DB.Users.shouldPresent(user);
LoginForm.login(user);
ConactUsForm.send(user);
Vacancy vacancy= OpeningsTable.entity(inRow(2));
Assert.areEquals(vacancy, expectedVacancy);

43. 43CONFIDENTIAL
Learn language features
Learn modern tools and frameworks
Use popular approaches
Do your work better (write tests faster, more
stable, with better quality etc.)
Have fun with your work!
CONCLUSIONS

44. 44CONFIDENTIAL
• Modularity
• New HTTP Client (Http2.0 & WebSocket)
• Improved Process API
• Language try-new, anonymous Diamond, private in
interfaces, immutable set, list-optional to stream
• Improved logging…
JAVA 9
http://www.baeldung.com/new-java-9
27.07.2017

45. 45CONFIDENTIAL
QUESTIONS?
roman.Iovlev
roman_iovlev@epam.com