Here for Posterity is my Carbon Manna Unlimited presentation given at the Hanson Wade Microfinance conference in Amsterdam in May 2010. Alll my best, David Palella, Founder, Carbon Manna Unlimited -----

1. (SM)
Carbon Manna
[ the “micro” Idea Factory ]
David A. Palella, Founder
Hong Ma, Executive Director
Carbon Manna Unlimited
San Diego, California
cell: 619-787-5767
email: dpalella@gmail.com
www.CarbonManna.org
Entire contents Copyright 25 April & 14 July 2008 & May 2010 by David A. Palella. All rights reserved.

2. Carbon Manna Unlimited -- defined:
• We are a California “C” Corporation -- incorporated with the intent to form a “public charity”
• Our 501c3 non-profit petition was filed by Latham & Watkins with the IRS on 16 March 2010
• In the meantime, we have qualified for 501c3 status under the umbrella of The Global Giving
Foundation in Washington, DC -- reference: http://www.globalgiving.com
• We are an international “micro” STANDARDS-SETTING ORGANIZATION -- We do not
undertake projects overseas. We do not fund projects overseas.
• We are advocates, not implementers. Implementation requires full-time personnel on
the ground in each country -- along with allll the expenses and interpersonal drama associated
with a local presence
• Because all of the “micro” models invented by Carbon Manna Unlimited are universally-
applicable in dozens of countries in the Developing World, trying to undertake projects
directly in dozens of countries is highly unrealistic
• Thus, allllll of our “micro” models or systems are open source or freeware and in the public
domain. Reference in particular our 300-page blog:
http://carbonmanna.blogspot.com

3. Just say “No!” to Debt
• The Carbon Manna(SM) World is a no-debt zone !
• None of our “micro” models or paradigms require micro debt -- although they are
complementary to this earlier idea
• “Microfinance” should grow to mean much more than micro loans. And go beyond
obvious things like micro insurance and micro savings. Let’s broaden the definition
• Carbon MannaSM expands the field and includes such concepts as:
micro profit sharing
micro income
micro equity
micro assets
micro property rights
micro empowerment -- in sum -->>
micro-freedom (or “Uhuru” in Swahili)

4. Programs of Carbon Manna Unlimited -- All the
first in the World
• The Micro Revolutions Institute(SM) in San Diego, California -- a think tank that
will continually develop novel & sustainable “micro” economic and ecological
paradigms or systems for the Developing World
http://tinyurl.com/yfna2qc & http://tinyurl.com/y9ll2x3
• The “Micro Sustainability Prizes©” competition -- a worldwide open competition
to encourage invention of other sustainable and markets-based micro economic
mechanisms that directly benefit the Poor
http://www.prweb.com/releases/2010/01/prweb3459274.htm
• The Funded Chair in Sustainable Philanthropy
• Equity Manna© -- a cell-phone-based system for poor families to facilitate micro-
equity investments in stocks & gold (and other hard assets)
http://tinyurl.com/yk5jdpm
• Carbon Manna(SM) System implementation in Kogelo, Kenya, the ancestral
hometown of U.S. President Barack Obama
http://tinyurl.com/ydg6nxy

5. The Micro Revolutions Institute(SM)
• The Micro Revolutions Institute(SM) in San Diego, California -- a think tank that
will continually develop novel, sustainable, low-cost micro-economic and micro-
ecological paradigms or systems for the Developing World that can be
implemented immediately
http://tinyurl.com/yfna2qc & http://tinyurl.com/y9ll2x3
• The Institute will also administer the “Micro Sustainability Prizes©” competition
-- the world’s first open competition to encourage the invention of other
sustainable and markets-based micro economic mechanisms that directly benefit
the Poor.
* Only a 1-page Executive Summary is required to enter the competition.
* School children worldwide, in particular, are encouraged to enter.
* Anyone worldwide may enter, regardless of educational qualifications or
socio-economic status.
http://www.prweb.com/releases/2010/01/prweb3459274.htm
• The Institute will endow a Funded Chair in Sustainable Philanthropy in the spirit
of a MacArthur Award that is given regardless of educational background or
socio-economic status

6. Carbon Trading Markets --Worldwide Growth
• 2009 -- US$ 110 - 140 BB (estimates)
• 2008 -- US$ 126 BB [ World Bank data ]
• 2007 -- US$ 64 BB
Efficient cooking opportunity is at least 400 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent
which can be reduced per year
Why not access this huge pool of capital to finance or subsidize
purchase of essential products & services for the Poor ?
Or leverage grants ? -- And to directly benefit millions of the Poor?
Carbon Manna Unlimited has invented a cell-phone-based mechanism to easily do
this while also:
-- enriching the Poor / Improving family health
-- mitigating global climate change
-- reducing regional deforestation & desertification, and
-- enabling cell-phone-based delivery of services such as telemedicine/telehealth &
tele-education

7. (SM)
What is Carbon Manna ?
A self-funding and cell-phone-based Carbon Micro Offset monetization
system based on more efficient cooking methods
Uses SMS (short message service) or text messages sent to an SMS
database to claim, track, monetize and audit produced Carbon Micro Offsets
Thousands of bundled micro offsets from an entire project are pre-sold in
the European carbon markets 1 year in advance to pay all start-up costs
Individual property rights should extend to one’s own carbon footprint, and
individuals should be free to monetize their carbon offsets for the benefit of
themselves and their families = “Micro Property Rights”
Carbon Micro Offsets may be easily converted to cash, e-money, cell-phone
minutes/airtime, or any other non-inflatable store of value
Self-sustainable, markets-based & scales almost infinitely
The next generation of microfinance -->> Micro PROFIT sharing instead of
micro debt

8. Carbon Manna(SM) = Two Novel Cell-phone-
based Microfinance Mechanisms
• Both are based on use of efficient cook stoves and reduced use of non-
renewable carbon-based biomass fuels (mainly wood & charcoal):
• (1) the Carbon Micro-PROFIT-Sharing System (CMPSS) --
comprising monetization via cell phone & existing MMT (mobile money
transfer) systems of 1,000s of aggregated carbon-micro-offsets pre-sold
annually into the European GS-VER market (Gold Standard - Voluntary
Emission Reduction market); and
• (2) the Reduced-fuel-expense Micro-SAVINGS Program -- a cell-
phone SMS-based (short message service) behavior-modification program
that trains families to “bank” or save their daily cash-savings on fuel of 15 -
40 U.S. cents/day (in countries where per capita GDP is US$1/day or less)
Entire contents Copyright 25 April & 14 July 2008 & January 2010 by David A. Palella. All rights reserved.

9. Major Problems addressed by
The Carbon Manna(SM) System
Deforestation & Negative Health
Desertification effects from cooking
indoors with biomass
Poverty in the
Developing World

10. (1) The Carbon Micro-PROFIT-
Sharing System (CMPSS)
The Carbon Micro-PROFIT-Sharing System --
comprising monetization via cell phone & MMT
(mobile money transfer) of 1,000s of aggregated
carbon-micro-offsets (produced by efficient cook
stoves, solar panels and/or forestry projects) which
are pre-sold annually into the European GS-VER
market (Gold Standard - Voluntary Emission
Reduction market)
After paying major fixed project costs (e.g. the stoves
& carbon-markets paperwork), the gross margin from
the sale is then shared directly via MMT with the
poor families who produced the offsets
Entire contents Copyright 25 April & 14 July 2008 & January 2010 by David A. Palella. All rights reserved.

11. Cookstove Projects in Africa (1)
Several for-profit carbon project managers in Africa have
already successfully started large-scale cookstove projects
that include up to 5,000 families.
However, all these for-profit project managers do NOT share
any of the revenue from sold credits with the families, sadly.
(SM)
Carbon Manna proposes, therefore, to simply overlay a
cell-phone/SMS-based claiming, accounting & auditing
mechanism on top of new cookstove projects that we start.
Hence, project implementation risk is very low.

12. Cookstove Projects in Africa (2)
The elements of the cell-phone/SMS overlay in the Carbon
Manna(SM) System are:
(1) 3mice.com’s SMS messaging and SMS dB-management
offering. Ref.: http://www.3mice.com
– This service can be controlled directly by the local carbon project manager
via a secure web-based console/interface
– 3mice.com, based in Nairobi, Kenya, is an approved Premium Rate Service
Provider (PRSP) or VAR (value-added reseller) for SMS services in Kenya
(2) The SMS-based Mobile Money Transfer (MMT) systems
of Safaricom (M-Pesa) and Zain (ZAP), among others, can
be used to transfer small amounts of cash from
sold/produced Carbon Micro Offsets directly to each family
in a Carbon Manna project. Transaction fees are reasonable
and make small transfers feasible

13. Grandma Sarah Obama (Barack Obama’s step-
grandmother) in Kogelo, Kenya, Receives the 1st
Carbon Manna(SM) Cookstove (October 2009)

14. Carbon anna (SM)
Unlimited
Carbon Manna(SM) -- the McDonald’s of
Micro-PROFIT-Sharing worldwide
Nota bene: The Golden Arches are a registered trademark of McDonald's Corp.

15. (2) The Reduced-fuel-expense Micro-
SAVINGS Program
The Reduced-fuel-expense Micro-SAVINGS Program --
An SMS-based (short message service) behavior-modification
program that trains families to “bank” or save in existing MMT
(mobile money transfer) systems their daily cash-savings on fuel
of 15 - 40 U.S. cents/day (in countries where per capita GDP is
US$1/day or less)
Families receive or buy an inexpensive, efficient stove that
reduces their fuel expense by 40+ % per day, leading to the
immediate savings above
No carbon-markets paperwork is required; can be implemented
immediately
Entire contents Copyright 25 April & 14 July 2008 & January 2010 by David A. Palella. All rights reserved.

16. Reduced-fuel-expense Micro-Savings Program
• The 2nd-largest expense item in the daily budget of urban & suburban
poor in Kenya (and most of Sub-Saharan Africa) is fuel, usually wood or
charcoal
• However, cooking methods in Kenya (and in most of Sub-Saharan
Africa), mainly open-pit fires, are highly inefficient, leading to fuel
wastage of up to 50% by almost all families -- and rapid rates of
deforestation
• Adoption of efficient cook stoves would therefore lead immediately to
daily fuel-cost savings (cash in hand) of 15 - 40 U.S. cents/day or US$
4.50 - 12.00/month (validated by field studies in Kenya, summer 2009)
• We advocate implementation of an SMS-based behavior-modification
program that trains families to bank their daily cash savings on fuel of 15
- 40 U.S. cents/day

17. Reduced-fuel-expense Micro-Savings Program (cont.)
• Web-accessible broadcast-SMS databases in Kenya are easy
to customize and telecom VARs (Value-Added Resellers)
sell bulk SMS messages at very low prices
• This large amount of sustainable and daily free cash-flow
from fuel savings will fund micro-savings programs, serve
to re-pay existing micro-loans, or serve as collateral for new
micro-loans
• Each family may "bank" or save its daily cash fuel-savings
in the Safaricom M-Pesa or Zain ZAP systems, or use the
savings to buy airtime or engage in commerce

18. (SM)
Carbon Manna also provides solutions for
Tele-medicine & Tele-education
Carbon Manna will expand the installed base of cell-phones in the
Developing World
Carbon Manna provides a strong economic incentive for the Poor to
look at and care for their mobile phones
SMS (short message service) can be used to “push” public healthcare
messages (vaccine campaign notices) and patient-specific medical
messages (“take your HIV medications”) to 1,000s of the Poor at very
low cost
Likewise, Carbon Manna-funded handsets may be used for tele-
education or micro-education purposes, especially in cases of religious
suppression of education (e.g., girls schools in Afghanistan), or where
little or no educational infrastructure exists (Sub-Saharan Africa)
One Cell Phone per Child: Even small screens on inexpensive handsets
open many educational vistas in math and foreign languages for poor
children. One handset per child is indeed an attainable goal, whereas
one laptop has proven not to be attainable
Entire contents Copyright 25 April & 14 July 2008 & May 2010 by David A. Palella. All rights reserved.

19. Equity Manna(SM) -- an example of
“micro” innovation
• Equity Manna(SM) = Cell-phone-based purchasing of micro amounts of
stocks & ETFs via MMT (mobile money transfer)
• Using existing DRIP plan (Dividend Reinvestment Plan) software that
divides shares of stocks or ETFs into 1/10,000ths, any financial instrument
can be micronized for a micro-DRIP or a micro-ETF investment plan for the
poorest of the Poor
• Using 100 years of stock returns as a guide, the Poor in any country should
buy stock in their own national telecom carrier -- viz., in Safaricom
(Kenya), PT Telkom Indonesia or China Mobile. Etc.
• Question: Are national lotteries a better asset allocation plan for the Poor in
Africa or Asia ? There is a strong inverse correlation between annual
income and participation in lotteries and gambling. Which, then, is better ?
-- Equity Manna(SM) or games of chance ? Let the Poor decide.

20. Equity Manna(SM) -- an example of
“micro” innovation (cont.)
• One concrete and important example -- even the poorest of the Poor
worldwide should be able to own part of the so-called "People's Central
Bank" -- the SPDR (Standard & Poor's Depositary Receipt) Gold Trust ETF
or GLD on NYSE
• Even poor (and wealthy) Indians have stored their wealth in gold jewelry for
centuries. This new idea is merely a modern version of owning physical
gold
• At least one gold ETF already trades on the Bombay & National Stock
Exchanges in India -- the Kotak Gold ETF (KGEFT), meaning this
innovation could be implemented immediately for 100s of millions of the
Poor in India
• References:
-->> http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=GLD
-->> http://dekadrakma.blogspot.com
-->> http://carbonmanna.blogspot.com/2010/02/micro-revolutions-off-wall-street-micro.html
-->> http://www.kotakmutual.com/kmw/product/kotak-gold-ETF-funds.htm

21. Other examples of “micro” innovation?
• Bono's Product (RED)TM is another markets-based micro-mechanism to
transfer wealth
• Buy a [ micro] cup of coffee in America and micro-treat AIDS in Africa
• Product (Red)TM is another form of sustainable Micro Profit Sharing
• Participating companies or (Red) partners agree to donate up to 50 % of their
profits from co-branded (Red) products to Product (Red)'s partner in Africa,
The Global Fund, which uses the money to support HIV / AIDS programs in
Africa. (Red) partners include Apple, American Express, Emporio Armani,
The Gap, Hallmark, Comverse, Dell, Nike and Starbucks
• Reference: http://www.joinred.com

22. Other examples of “micro” innovation? (cont.)
• Taxing the betting receipts of the Japan Racing Association (JRA) -- a
semi-markets-based means to fund charitable activities in Japan
• "JRA contributes 10% of its turnover to the National Treasury, as well as 50% of any
surplus profits remaining at the end of the fiscal year. In fiscal 2007, JRA paid
approximately US$ 2,862 million into the National Treasury, the use of which is
specified by law: three-quarters must be designated for improvement of livestock
breeding and the remaining one-quarter for public or social welfare."
• In short, in 2007 (the latest data available) taxation of betting revenue & profits
supplied about US$ 700 million to support charitable organizations in Japan. Thus,
every individual bet on a horse in Japan is equivalent to a micro-donation to charity or
social programs
• Could more such sin tax-based mechanisms be conceived and used to spread
income/donations/wealth more broadly worldwide to elevate the Poor? Certainly.
• References:
-->> http://www.jra.go.jp
-->> http://japanracing.jp/en/index.html
-->> http://japanracing.jp/en/organization/structure.html

23. In Summary…
• Carbon Manna Unlimited has invented the world’s first
sustainable, self-funding and markets-based forms of
microfinance in the world
• In April 2009 we applied for a U.S. Patent to document the
novelty of our invention of the original Carbon Manna(SM)
System in April 2008
• Carbon Manna Unlimited originated the world’s first
“Micro Sustainability Prizes©” competition
• We have conceived and described in detail other markets-
based world “firsts” including Solar Manna©, Forestry
Manna© & Equity Manna©, as well as the Foreign Aid
Micro Credit (FAMC)

24. In Summary… (cont.)
• The Carbon Manna(SM) System is an open source / freeware solution
that will eventually scale to 10s of millions of families worldwide and
materially improve the standard of living of the Poor in the
Developing World
• Various carbon project managers or NGOs worldwide are now
planning to incorporate Carbon Manna(SM) principles in projects in:
Indonesia
the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
Rwanda
Ethiopia
Kenya
(and probably in more countries not known to us)

25. Carbon Manna Unlimited
Carbon Manna(SM) / Carbon Micro-Credits Blog:
http://carbonmanna.blogspot.com
Carbon Manna(SM) / Carbon Micro-Credits Groups:
http://www.linkedin.com/e/vgh/1794312/
http://twitter.com/CarbonManna
http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=52270598714
(SM)
Carbon Manna / Carbon Micro-Credits News Releases:
http://www.marketwire.com/press-release/Carbon-Manna-Unlimited-1033328.html
http://www.marketwire.com/press-release/Carbon-Manna-Unlimited-1007638.html
http://www.marketwire.com/press-release/Carbon-Manna-Unlimited-991442.html
http://www.marketwire.com/press-release/Carbon-Manna-Unlimited-953397.html

26. For more information, please contact Carbon
Manna HQs in San Diego
David A. Palella
Founder
Carbon Manna Unlimited
San Diego, California
cell: 619-787-5767
email: dpalella@gmail.com
Ms. Hong Ma (M.D., Ph.D., MBA)
Executive Director
Carbon Manna Unlimited
cell: 858-945-0887
email: HongMa2008@gmail.com
Ms. Feben Yohannes
Benefactor Advocate
Legacy Programs
Carbon Manna Unlimited
cell: 415-846-3957
email: FYohannes@helmsbriscoe.com
http://www.CarbonManna.org

27. In sum, we strongly
encourage you to…
Think Different*
* “Think Different” is a service mark of Apple Corporation