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Research by The National Literacy Trust 2013
Table 1 shows the percentage of the population that read on a daily basis by age 
group, based on Great Britain’s National Statistics Time Use Survey 2005 and the 
work of Clark and Foster for the National Literacy Trust in 2005.
Photo by Thomas Hawk - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https://www.flickr.com/photos/51035555243@N01 Created with Haiku Deck
Photo by scalefreenetwork - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License https://www.flickr.com/photos/14727154@N06 Created with Haiku Deck
Photo by pecooper98362 - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https://www.flickr.com/photos/29261037@N02 Created with Haiku Deck
Photo by highteaforalice - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License https://www.flickr.com/photos/50980702@N06 Created with Haiku Deck
Photo by Daniel Y. Go - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https://www.flickr.com/photos/84172943@N00 Created with Haiku Deck
Photo by Butz.2013 - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/61508583@N02 Created with Haiku Deck
Tier 2 terms with specialised meanings in Maths 
Balance Interest Difference 
Coordinate Power Terms 
Even Similar Radical 
Imaginary Irrational Improper 
Plane Axis Chance 
Product Mixed Expression 
Round Cube Principal 
Scale Value Factor 
Slope Represent Simplify 
Square Find Function 
Positive Field Real 
Tangent Proof Odd 
Adapted from table 4.10, “Building Academic Language” by Jeff Zwiers 2014
Some Maths 
Imperatives 
Maths Questions and 
Expressions 
Plot 
Graph 
Interpret 
Calculate 
Estimate 
Construct 
Convert 
Compare 
Substitute 
Find the relationship between X 
and Y 
Design it to minimise 
Work backward 
Predict 
Isolate 
Which system of equations represents the 
situation? 
Which ratio represents an approximation of . . .? 
What is the measure of . . .? 
Average 
Equivalent 
Relevant information 
Ascent, Descent, Altitude 
Operations 
Vary directly 
Reasonable 
Dimensions 
If X equals . . . then what is . . .? 
Adapted from table 4.11, “Building Academic Language” by Jeff Zwiers 2014 
Photo by Butz.2013 - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/61508583@N02 Created with Haiku Deck
A list of expressions often used in problem solving in Maths 
We need to figure out exactly what they 
want. 
This is like the problem we did on . . . 
Let’s break it down into parts. First, . . . We need to identity the . . . 
Information that I need is . . . because . . We don’t know . . ., so let’s make it a variable. 
There are different ways to solve it. Maybe the data table will work because . . . 
The best solution is . . . because . . . This answer makes sense because . . . 
I predict that . . . I think we need to try another way. 
We can draw this part as . . . I think that the answer is . . . because . . . 
We can check our answer by trying . . . This word means that the final units need to 
be in . . . 
I don’t think this information is 
important because . . . 
I bet that . . . because . . . 
Adapted from table 4.12, “Building Academic Language” by Jeff Zwiers 2014
Photo by Malinkrop - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https://www.flickr.com/photos/34770928@N07 Created with Haiku Deck
Photo by jitze - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/40648743@N00 Created with Haiku Deck
https://www.iggy.net/gobbyacademy#g 
obby
Academic Literacy Displays 
Tier 2 vocabulary to emphasise 
across all subject areas in the first 
term 
28
Cross Subject Language 
29
Tier 2 Words 
30
Term 1 Term 2 Term 3 
Top Trump Comment 
Interpret 
Demonstrate 
Investigate 
Predict 
Analyse 
Assess 
Create 
Clarify 
Contrast 
Challenge 
Debate, 
Expand 
Evaluate 
Depth Charge Words Objectivity Culture Diversity 
Inside Track Words Evidence, 
Summary 
Inference 
Method 
Reliability 
Weighty Words Authority Theory Theory 
Peacock Words Furthermore Controversially Conceptually, Contrary 
Conversely
Example sentences 
Speaking objectively, advanced maths can be 
confusing for new students. 
An aspect of objectivity in mathematics is 
about the relationships between the 
mathematical and the physical. 
Does maths exist objectively or is it a human 
creation? 
For a maths expert, numbers have an 
authority all their own
Photo by VinothChandar - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/44345361@N06 Created with Haiku Deck
Photo by peddhapati - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/61270106@N06 Created with Haiku Deck
Photo by torremountain - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/22705478@N03 Created with Haiku Deck
Photo by JBYoder - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https://www.flickr.com/photos/87484925@N00 Created with Haiku Deck
Photo by kabils - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/21882756@N07 Created with Haiku Deck

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Building Academic Language at CTK College, August 27-29th 2014

  • 1.
  • 2. Photo by Stuck in Customs - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License https://www.flickr.com/photos/95572727@N00 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 3.
  • 4. Photo by The Community Foundation of Herkimer & Oneida Cos. - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License https://www.flickr.com/photCorse/5a3te1d8 7w0it2h9 H@aNik0u2 Deck
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. Research by The National Literacy Trust 2013
  • 9. Table 1 shows the percentage of the population that read on a daily basis by age group, based on Great Britain’s National Statistics Time Use Survey 2005 and the work of Clark and Foster for the National Literacy Trust in 2005.
  • 10. Photo by Thomas Hawk - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https://www.flickr.com/photos/51035555243@N01 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. Photo by scalefreenetwork - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License https://www.flickr.com/photos/14727154@N06 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 14. Photo by pecooper98362 - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https://www.flickr.com/photos/29261037@N02 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. Photo by highteaforalice - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License https://www.flickr.com/photos/50980702@N06 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 18.
  • 19. Photo by Daniel Y. Go - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https://www.flickr.com/photos/84172943@N00 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 20. Photo by Butz.2013 - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/61508583@N02 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 21. Tier 2 terms with specialised meanings in Maths Balance Interest Difference Coordinate Power Terms Even Similar Radical Imaginary Irrational Improper Plane Axis Chance Product Mixed Expression Round Cube Principal Scale Value Factor Slope Represent Simplify Square Find Function Positive Field Real Tangent Proof Odd Adapted from table 4.10, “Building Academic Language” by Jeff Zwiers 2014
  • 22. Some Maths Imperatives Maths Questions and Expressions Plot Graph Interpret Calculate Estimate Construct Convert Compare Substitute Find the relationship between X and Y Design it to minimise Work backward Predict Isolate Which system of equations represents the situation? Which ratio represents an approximation of . . .? What is the measure of . . .? Average Equivalent Relevant information Ascent, Descent, Altitude Operations Vary directly Reasonable Dimensions If X equals . . . then what is . . .? Adapted from table 4.11, “Building Academic Language” by Jeff Zwiers 2014 Photo by Butz.2013 - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/61508583@N02 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 23. A list of expressions often used in problem solving in Maths We need to figure out exactly what they want. This is like the problem we did on . . . Let’s break it down into parts. First, . . . We need to identity the . . . Information that I need is . . . because . . We don’t know . . ., so let’s make it a variable. There are different ways to solve it. Maybe the data table will work because . . . The best solution is . . . because . . . This answer makes sense because . . . I predict that . . . I think we need to try another way. We can draw this part as . . . I think that the answer is . . . because . . . We can check our answer by trying . . . This word means that the final units need to be in . . . I don’t think this information is important because . . . I bet that . . . because . . . Adapted from table 4.12, “Building Academic Language” by Jeff Zwiers 2014
  • 24. Photo by Malinkrop - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https://www.flickr.com/photos/34770928@N07 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 25.
  • 26. Photo by jitze - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/40648743@N00 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 28. Academic Literacy Displays Tier 2 vocabulary to emphasise across all subject areas in the first term 28
  • 31. Term 1 Term 2 Term 3 Top Trump Comment Interpret Demonstrate Investigate Predict Analyse Assess Create Clarify Contrast Challenge Debate, Expand Evaluate Depth Charge Words Objectivity Culture Diversity Inside Track Words Evidence, Summary Inference Method Reliability Weighty Words Authority Theory Theory Peacock Words Furthermore Controversially Conceptually, Contrary Conversely
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34. Example sentences Speaking objectively, advanced maths can be confusing for new students. An aspect of objectivity in mathematics is about the relationships between the mathematical and the physical. Does maths exist objectively or is it a human creation? For a maths expert, numbers have an authority all their own
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37. Photo by VinothChandar - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/44345361@N06 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 38. Photo by peddhapati - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/61270106@N06 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 39. Photo by torremountain - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/22705478@N03 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 40.
  • 41. Photo by JBYoder - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https://www.flickr.com/photos/87484925@N00 Created with Haiku Deck
  • 42. Photo by kabils - Creative Commons Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/21882756@N07 Created with Haiku Deck