a power point presentation of inheritance with great effects

1. Inheritance
Presented by:-
Disha Singh

2. Contents
 Introduction of inheritance
 Classes classification
Super class
Intermediate class
Child class
 Types of inheritance
Single inheritance
Multilevel inheritance
Hierarchical inheritance
 Interface
 Abstract class
 Method overriding

3. Inheritance
• One of the most effective features of Object-
oriented programming.
• It is the capability of one class to inherit
properties from another class.
• Establish a link/connectivity between 2 or
more classes.
• Permits sharing and accessing properties
from one to another class.
• To establish this relation java uses “extends”
keyword.
• Represents “IS-A” relationship.

4. Real world example:-

5. Category of classes on the basic of
inheritance
Super class
(base/parent/driver/inheritance class).
Intermediate class
(mediating/dual class).
Child class
(sub/associate/derived/inherited class).

6. 1. Super class
 Top located class
 Service provider
(its properties accessed by all its lower level
class).
2. Intermediate class
 Middle located class
 Having dual policy
(obtain properties of upper class and transmit
properties to lower level class)
3. Child class
 Bottom located class
 Much benefitted class
 Much loaded class
(properties of child class as well as class and
parent class can be accessed by only the object of child class)
class A Parent
class
{
............
............
}
class B
Intermediate
{ class
...........
...........
}
class C
{
...........
...........
}
Child
class

7. Types of inheritance
 Single inheritance
 Multilevel inheritance
 Hierarchical inheritance

8. Single inheritance
 A structure having one and only one parent as well as child
class.
 Child class is authorized to access the property of parent
class.
Syntax:-
class A
{
..............
..............
}
class B extends A
{
.............
.............
}
Parent
class
Child
class
Sharing
of
property

9. Multilevel inheritance
 When a class extends a class, which extends another class then
this is called as multilevel inheritance.
 Child class as well as intermediate class may access the properties
of upper level classes. Syntax:-
class A
{
..............
..............
}
class B extends A
{
.............
.............
}
class C extends B
{
..............
..............
}
Parent class
Intermediate
class
Child class

10. Example:-

11. Hierarchical inheritance
 When more than one classes are derived from a single base class,
such type of inheritance is called as hierarchical inheritance.
 Child classes must be connected with
only parent class.
Syntax:-
class A
{
..............
..............
}
class B extends A
{
.............
.............
}
class C extends A
{
..............
..............
}
Parent
class
child class
child class

12. Example:-

13. Interface
 Java supports a special feature called
interface.
 This feature helps to connect a class with
more than one classes
 For this type of connectivity
java uses “implements” keyword.
 Object of interface cannot be created.
Syntax:-
interface A {
..............
..............
}
interface B
{
.............
.............
}
class C implements A
{
..............
..............
}
class D implements A
{
..........
..........
}
interface
Child class
Intermediate
class
interface
Intermediate
class

14. Abstract class
 A class that is declared with “abstract” keyword, is
known as abstract class in java.
 It can have abstract and non abstract methods(method
with body).
 No object of abstract class can be created.
 Abstract class can contain constructor and instance
variable.
 It contain a class with 0 to 100% abstraction.
 Constructor chaining can be done in abstract class.
 Syntax:
abstract class<class-name>{ }

15. //an abstract class without any abstract method
Abstract class Base
{
void fun()
{
system.out.println(“base fun() called”);
}
}
class Derived extends Base
{
}
class Main
{
public static void main(String args [])
{
Derived d= new Derived();
d.fun();
}
}

16. Difference between abstract
class &interface
Abstract class Interface
•It provides 0 to 100% abstraction
of methods.
It provides 100% abstraction of
methods.
•A class can inherit only one
abstract class at a time ( no
multiple inheritance).
A class can inherit many interface
at a time .
•Abstract class contain constructor
and instance variable.
Interface do not contain constructor
and instance variable.
•Constructor chaining will be done
in abstract class .
No constructor chaining will be
possible.

17. Method Overriding
 If the subclass(child class) has the same
method as declared in the parent class, it
is called method overriding
 Rules for method overriding in java
Method must have same name as in the
parent
class.
Method must have same parameter as in the
parent class.
Must be IS-A relationship(inheritance).

18. Example:-

19. class Human
{
//overridden method
public void eat()
{
System.out.println(“human is eating”);
}
}
class Boy extends Human
{
//overriding method
public void eat()
{
System.out.println(“Boy is eating”);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
Boy obj=new Boy();
//this will call the child class version of eat()
obj.eat();
}
}

20. Thank you