The document discusses CNC (Computer Numerical Control) turning and milling. It explains that CNC uses coded instructions processed by a computer to control machine tools. It describes the CNC manufacturing process which involves writing a part program using codes, loading it into the machine controller, and the controller directing the machine sequence. The document also covers topics like the machine control unit, axis movement controlled by motors and sensors, tool magazines, common control systems, program preparation methods, main programs calling subprograms, and circular interpolation for milling.

1. CNC TURNING AND MILLING

5.  CNC (Computer Numerical Control) is the general term used for a
system which controls the functions of a machine tool using coded
instructions processed by a compute.
 Example CNC Manufacturing Process.
 1) A part program is written, using G and M codes. This describes
the sequence of operations that the machine must perform in order
to manufacture the component. This program can be produced off-
line, ie, away from the machine, either manually or with the aid of a
CAD/CAM system.
 2) The part program is loaded into the machines computer, called
the controller. At this stage, the program can still be edited or
simulated using the machine controller keypad/input device.
 3) The machine controller processes the part program and sends
signals to the machine components directing the machine through
the required sequence of operations necessary to manufacture the
component

38.  The Tool or Material Moves.
 Tools Can operate in 1-5 axis.
 Larger Machines have a MCU(Machine Control
Unit) Which Manage operations.
 Movement is controlled by a motors.(Actuators).
 Feedback is provided by Sensors(Transducers).
 Tool Magazines are used to change Tools
Automatically.

39.  FANUC CONTROL
 SIEMENS
 GSK
 MECH3

40.  MDI:Manual Data Input.
 Program preparation with CAD/CAM.
 Program Data Transfer From PC to CNC M/c.

42.  The Main Program is the controlling program,
ie, the program first read, or accessed, when
the entire part program sequence is run. This
controlling program can then call a number of
smaller programs into operation. These
smaller programs, called Sub Programs, are
generally used to perform repeat tasks, before
returning control back to the main program.
 Main Programs are written using I.S.O. address
codes listed below

45.  A program which contains fixed sequences or
frequently repeated patterns may be entered
into memory as a Sub Program, in order to
simplify the main program.
 A sub program is entered into the machine
controller memory in Edit Mode, in the same
manner as the main program. Differences
between a sub and main program :
 1) A sub program does not have a billet size
definition at the top of the program listing.
 2) A sub program is ended by the M99 code.

46. When the main program calls one sub program into operation, the
process is called a one-loop sub program call.
It is possible to program a maximum four loop sub program call within
the main program.

60. MILLING-Circular Interpolation

61. CNC Mill Subprogram