What is citric Acid? , Introduction to Citric acid as an organic acid.

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Zaxo University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Petroleum engineering
Prepared by: Diyar I. Mohammed Supervised by: Mr. Hoshiar

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Topics
 Introduction
 What properties does Citric acid have?
 Applications of citric acid in foods and cleaning.
 Other uses of Citric acid.
 Advantages and disadvantages of Citric acid.
 Side effects of Citric acid on environment and health.
 Conclusion
 Questions

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Introduction

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 What is Citric Acid?
 Definition: Citric acid is a weak organic 6 Carbon acid with the
formula C6H8O7,which contains tricarboxylic acid.

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 What is Citric Acid?
 more than a million tonnes are
produced every year by fermentation.
 used to add a sour taste
to foods and drinks.

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 What is Citric Acid?
 The Characteristics in the name citric acid?
 There are 6 carbon atoms, 7 oxygen atoms, and 8 hydrogen
atomised.
 How is it named?
IUPAC name
2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
Other names
3-carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid
2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid

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Properties of Citric acid

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 What properties does Citric acid have?
 Citric acid has acidic properties and is very sour.
 Citric Acid at room temperature is in the
form of a white crystalline powder.
 Citric acid is a slightly stronger acid than typical carboxylic acids.

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 Citric Acid is destroyed by the loss of Carbon Dioxide(CO2).
 And in water when it is heated to a temperature over 175 Celsius
degrees.
 What properties does Citric acid have?
 It can exist either in an anhydrous (water-free) form or as
a monohydrate.

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Density 1.665 g/cm3(1.5g/cm3 for monohydrate)
Melting point 156 °C (313 °F; 429 K)
Boiling point 310 °C (590 °F; 583 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water 59 g/100 ml (20 °C)
Solubility
very soluble in ethanol
soluble in ether, ethyl acetate
insoluble in benzene, chloroform
Molecular formula C6H8O7
Molar mass 192.124 g/mol (anhydrous)
210.14 g/mol (monohydrate)
Appearance crystalline white solid
Oder odorless
 Chemical Properties of Citric Acid

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Applications

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 What are applications of Citric acid?
 Lemons as a natural source of citric acid.
 Applications of Citric Acid in my food.
 Citric acid can be added to ice cream and to caramel.
 Citric acid is used with Sodium bicarbonate for both ingestion and
for personal care.

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 Citric acid is also often used in cleaning products and
sodas or fizzy drinks.
 Why is Citric Acid in my food?
 How can you get citric acid?
 What are applications of Citric acid?

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 Has great uses in cleaning and works as an excellent chelating agent.
 It can be used to soften water.
 It is also used in soaps and in shampoo to wash out,
wax and colouring from the hair.
 What are applications of Citric acid?
 A solution with a 6% concentration of citric acid will remove hard water stains
from glass without scrubbing.

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Other uses of Citric acid

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 What are Other uses of Citric acid?
 The uses are in:
 Cosmetics.
 Pharmaceuticals.
 As a pH adjusting agent.
 Dyeing.
 Photography.

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 What are Other uses of Citric acid?
 In industrial and construction: Citric acid can be used in passivation of stainless
steel.
 In qualitative analysis: Sodium citrate is used as a chelating agent for
identification both qualitatively and quantitatively, of reducing sugars.

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 Advantages and disadvantages of Citric acid.

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 What are advantages and disadvantages of Citric acid?
 Advantages
 it is a preservative.
 helps breaking down kidney stones.
 Disadvantage
 it damages your teeth.

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The Side effects of Citric Acid

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 What are the Side effects of Citric Acid?
 Citric acid has a positive side effect.
 Environmental effects of Citric acid.
 What are effects on health?, and how to be safe while using it?

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 Conclusion:
 In conclusion citric acid has properties which make it useful as an acidifier, a flavouring
and a chelating agent.
 In the food and drinks industries it is often added as a preservative. Because of its
excellent chelating (qualities/properties) characteristics, In addition it is used on a large
scale in the Chemicals, pharmaceuticals and dyeing industries. Citric acid is a relatively
harmless product because it biodegrades easily. Finally it has thoroughly it researched
and tested by various health and safety agent, we can be confident about it continued.

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