chronic renal failure

1. Chronic Renal
Failure
Yousaf khan
Renal Dialysis Lecturer
IPMS-KMU

2. Chronic renal failure
• Involves progressive, irreversible loss of kidney function
• Kidney damage, with or without decreased GFR, as
defined by
• pathologic abnormalities
• markers of kidney damage, including abnormalities in the
composition of the blood or urine or abnormalities in imaging tests
• GFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2, with or without kidney damage

7. Clinical Manifestation
Depends upon underlying renal disease
• Lethargy, Anorexia, Vomiting
• Growth failure / short stature
• Failure of thrive
• Pallor
• Edema
• Hypertension
• Hematuria
• Proteinuria
• Polyuria
• UTI

8. Physical Examination
• Pallor & sallow appearance
• Short stature
• Bony abnormality of renal osteodystrophy
• Edema
• Hypertension

9. Diagnostic study
 Urine analysis
 Blood examination
 Glomerular Function Test
• Imaging Techniques

10. Laboratory Findings
• Elevated BUN and creatinin
• ↓ GFR
• Hyperkalemia
• Hyponatremia
• Acidosis
• Hypocalcemia
• Hyperphosphatemia
• Elevated uric acid
• Hypoproteinemia (if proteinuria)
• Normocytic, normochromic anemia
• Elevated serum cholesterol and triglyceride
• Hematuria & Proteinuria(glomerulonephritis)

11. Treatment
• Objective
• Replacing absent / diminished renal function
• Slowing progression of renal dysfunction