This document provides an overview of dengue fever, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, types (classical, hemorrhagic, and shock syndrome), management, and prevention. Dengue fever is caused by any of four dengue viruses and transmitted via mosquito bites. It causes high fever, severe body aches and headaches. Diagnosis involves detecting the dengue virus in a patient's blood. Treatment depends on the type, but generally involves hydration, acetaminophen for pain, and hospitalization for more severe types to prevent shock. Prevention methods include mosquito nets, repellents, covering water containers, and fogging infested areas.
2. INTRODUCTION
u Dengue fever is an illness caused by infection with a virus transmitted by
the Aedes mosquito.
u Dengue fever is a common communicable Disease, characterized by
occurrence of high fever, severe body aches and intense headache.
u Dengue fever is also called ‘break bone (Haddi Tod Bukhar) and ‘dandy
fever’ as it makes people assume awkward poses due to the Pain severe
pain and aches.
u It is a very common disease that occurs in epidemic form from time to Milo
time
3. Causes of Dengue
u Dengue is a disease caused by any one of four closely related viruses
(DEN-1, DEN-2 DEN-3, or DEN-4).
u Just like in Malaria, Dengue fever is also spread by bites of mosquitoes In
this case, the mosquitoes are “Aedes” mosquitoes , which are very tough
and holds entir mosquitoes and bite even during day time.
u This disease occurs more frequently in the rainy season and immediately
afterwards (July to October) in India.
4. Pathophysiology
( how Patient diagnosed that heshe has Dengue? )
u The Dengue virus is present in the blood of the
patient suffering from Dengue feve
.
Aedes mosquito bites a patient of Dengue
It sucks blood along with it ,
Dengue virus into the body
6. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
u Generally, dengue virus infections can give mild illness.
u A complete recovery from dengue after effects can take as long as a
month.
u In rare cases, patients can develop low BP, a low infected animal
platelet count and severe bleeding.
u This situation requires immediate hospitalization.
u Symptoms depend upon the type of Dengue fever.
u There are three types of Dengue fever
7. 1. Classical (simple) Dengue fever
The entire duration = 5-7 days and
u Sudden onset of high fever with feeling of chills
u Severe Headache, Pains in muscles and joints
u Rashes
u Pain behind the eyeballs especially on pressing the eyes or on moving the eyeballs
u Extreme weakness, loss of appetite, feeling of nausea
u change in taste sensations in mouth
u Pain in abdomen by itself or on touching
u Mild pain in throat
u Swollen glands (lymphadenopathy) Patient feels generally depressed and very sick
u Skin rashes
8. 2. Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF)
u Bleeding (haemorrhagic) manifestations:
u Bleeding from nose, gums,
u blood in the stocks or in vomiting,
u bleeding spots on the skin ,
which are seen as dark bluish-black,
u small or larg patches.
u certain laboratory investigations carried out on
a blood sample also confirm DHE
9. 3. Dengue shock syndrome
u Symptoms= as same as DHF
also include a condition called “Shock”
also have,,,,,
u The person is very restless and the skin feels cold and clammy despite
high fever.
u The person may start losing consciousness.
u If examine pulse of the patient, it is weak and rapid. Similarly, blood
pressure will be
10. Management
1. Classical (simple ) dengue fever .....
u Supportive and symptomatic treatment provided.
u Adequate hydration
u RL solution or dextrose 5% in NS { 10-20 mlkg body weight। hour }
Medicine like,,,,
u Aspirin
u NSAIDS
u Acetaminophen and codeine :- headache &myalgia
2. Dengue haemorrhagic & 3. DDS
– Require hospitalization to prevent shock
11. Dengue prevention
u Use good quality mosquito nets
u Use mosquito repellent sprays ,mats ,coils ,smart cards ,odomos
u Cover utensils , and containers containing water to prevent breedimg of
Dengue mosquito
u Windows and door should be closed or screened
u Wear long, loose fitting sleeved shirts & trousers and long pants
u Use repellent sprays containing DEET
12. Dengue prevention
u If you live in areas that have highly infested with mosquitoes, you can try
mosquito fogging methods to lessen the mosquito menace.
u Avoid anti-inflammatory medications during dengue fever infection.
Consult with your
u Consult with your doctor before taking any medications.
