Chronic endocervitis with squamous metaplasia

1. CHRONIC ENDOCERVITIS WITH SQUAMOUS
METAPLASIA
NORMAL HISTOLOGY
GROSS ANATOMY
Endocervix: lined by columnar
epithelium that secretes mucus;
epithelium has complex
infoldings that resemble glands
or clefts on cross section
Squamous metaplasia is
a benign non-cancerous
change of surfacing lining
cells epithelium to a
squamous morphology.

2. CHRONIC ENDOCERVITIS WITH SQUAMOUS
METAPLASIA
Scanner Objective Lens (4x)
CAUSES
• Irritation, due to the
insertion of a device,
such as a cervical cap or
tampon
• Injury to the vagina
• Cervical polyps
• Chronic bacterial
infections
• Sexually transmitted
infection
• Viral infections
• Parasitic infections

3. CHRONIC ENDOCERVITIS WITH SQUAMOUS
METAPLASIA
Low Power Objective (10x)
• Sections show
transformation of the lining
epithelium of the cervix
from columnar to a
stronger squamous type
• This change is due to
persistent chronic
inflammation

4. CHRONIC ENDOCERVITIS WITH SQUAMOUS
METAPLASIA
High Power Objective (40x) Treatment:
• Symptomatic treatment
of the signs and
symptoms, if the cause is
due to a non-infectious
agent
• Surgical treatment for
Chronic Cervicitis may
include laser therapy and
cryotherapy
• Antibiotic medication, (if
bacteria)
• Antiviral medication, if
viruses

5. LYMPH NODE, DYSTROPHIC CALCIFICATION
AND HYALINE DEGENERATION
NORMAL HISTOLOGY
Cortex contains lymphoid
follicles which are aggregates of
B-lymphocytes medulla contains
medullary sinuses (arrow),
plasma cells, memory B-cells, T-
cells, histiocytes
GROSS ANATOMY
• Pathologic calcification of
soft tissues occurs when
calcium salts, essentially
calcium phosphate, are
deposited in soft tissue
(heterotopic calcification).

6. LYMPH NODE, DYSTROPHIC CALCIFICATION
AND HYALINE DEGENERATION
Scanner Objective Lens (4x)
Causes:
• TB
• Bacille calmette-guerin
vaccination
• Sarcoidosis
• Cat-scratch disease
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Systemic scelrosis
• Fungal infections
• Lymphoma
• Hodgkin’s lymphoma
• Metastatic thyroid
carcinoma

7. LYMPH NODE, DYSTROPHIC CALCIFICATION
AND HYALINE DEGENERATION
Low Power Objective 10x
Take note of degenerative
and recessive changes:
• Dystrophic calcification
• Hyaline degeneration
• Brown black pigment
granules are anthracotic
(coal dust) pigment.

8. LYMPH NODE, DYSTROPHIC CALCIFICATION
AND HYALINE DEGENERATION
High Power Objective 40x
Treatment
• Usually there is no
treatment for
calcified lymph node
• doctors may opt to
surgically remove
the lymph node to
relieve the pain.