17. 莫里斯‧比卡伊醫生
Dr. Maurice Bucaille
(1920-1998)
Maurice Bucaille. The Bible, The Qur’an
and Science: The Holy Scriptures
Examined in the Light of Modern
Knowledge. Translated from French by
Alastair D. Pannell and the author.1977
18. Maurice Bucaille, Moses and Pharaoh
in the Bible, Qur'an and History,
Islamic Book Trust, Kuala Lumpur,
1994.
Maurice Bucaille, Mummies
of the Pharaohs: Modern
Medical Investigations, St
Martin's Press, 1990.
19. 摩西約出生於西元前十三世紀之初
摩西逃難留麥德彥(Midian, Madyan)時，去世的
法老應是拉美西斯二世 (Ramses II, 終於
1235~1224B.C.年間)
由其第13子 麥倫普塔赫 (Merenptah,約在位十年)
繼位
出埃及事件應發生於西元前十三世紀之末段
換言之，麥倫普塔赫 (Merenptah)正是追趕摩西
等人的法老
Maurice Bucaille. Moses and Pharaoh in the Bible, Qur'an and
History, Islamic Book Trust, Kuala Lumpur, 1994. pp.213-5
22. 1898年由法國人勞萊特 ( Victor Loret ) 在帝
皇谷(Valley of the Kings) 發現十具木乃衣，
其一為麥倫普塔赫 (Merenptah)
1974-5年運往巴黎檢驗及處理
發現身上有鹽末，並多處損毀，包括胸部、
腹部及頭蓋骨。頭部顱頂骨的孔 (~37x23mm)
應是受硬物非常重力撞擊所至，應是致命傷。
該死因報告於1976年為法國法醫學會所接納
Maurice Bucaille. Moses and Pharaoh in the Bible, Qur'an and
History, Islamic Book Trust, Kuala Lumpur, 1994. pp.126-8
27. 埃及王的稱號
Encyclopedia Britannica (1994-1999 )
埃及文 “per ’aa”(法老)意謂「大屋」，原指古
埃及的王宮，後於新王國時期(New Kingdom，
西元前1539-1292)起通指埃及王.........
大英百科全書 (1994-1999 )
from Egyptian per ’aa, "great house" ,originally, the royal palace in ancient
Egypt; the word came to be used as a synonym for the Egyptian king under the
New Kingdom (starting in the 18th dynasty, 1539-1292 BC), and by the 22nd
dynasty (c. 945-c. 730 BC) it had been adopted as an epithet of respect. The
term has since evolved into a generic name for all ancient Egyptian kings,
although it was never formally the king’s title.
29. “The frank attitude toward the stories about Egypt in Genesis and
Exodus is that folk memory had retained the essentials of great
Hebrew experience but had later clothed that memory with some
details imperfectly recollected and some circumstantial details
borrowed from later times and conditions. ”
The Interpreter’s Dictionary Of The Bible
「用坦率的態度去理解聖經《創世記》及《出埃及
記》裡的故事：民間的傳說保留著大希伯萊民族的
經歷之梗概，披上一些可能是取材於較後期而不盡
完美的環境細節的外衣……」
《通譯聖經字典》
埃及王的稱號
34. 法老王的親信
莫里斯‧比卡伊醫生 在 Ranke所編著的“ The
Dictionary of Personal Names of the New Kingdom” 中
找到：象形文字的拼音名字
“Chief of the workers in stone-quarries” (石礦場的工頭)
莫里斯‧比卡伊醫生 在 維也納的 安霍夫博物館(Hof
Museum)找到一塊刻有象形文字的石碑：
刻有Haman同音的人物，並特別強調他是法老王
的近臣
Maurice Bucaille. Moses and Pharaoh in the Bible, Qur'an and History, Islamic Book
Trust, Kuala Lumpur, 1994. pp.192-3
35. 「約瑟 …..見有一夥米甸的以實瑪利人從基列來，用駱駝
馱著香料、乳香、沒藥，要帶下埃及去。 」
(創世記 37:23-5)
據安德烈．洛特 (André Lhote) 的研究：駱駝成為家
畜始於羅馬人侵佔埃及(西元前30年)後
故有關描述犯下時代錯誤
《創世記》24章在16處提及亞伯拉罕時期，用駱駝運
載貨物，亦犯同樣錯誤
以上的錯誤在希伯萊文及希臘文版《聖經》亦可見到
André Lhote. Camel and Dromedary in North Africa and Sahara, Group Media Intl.: Paris
Maurice Bucaille. Moses and Pharaoh in the Bible, Qur'an and History, Islamic Book
Trust, Kuala Lumpur, 1994. pp.44-5
北非人什麽時候開始飼養駱駝？
41. Foot Note of Yusuf Ali’s
translation of the Quran
Note No. 6114
Iram would seem to have been an ancient
Ad capital, in southern Arabia. It boasted
of lofty architecture (lofty pillars). Some
Commentators understand Iram to be the
name of an eponymous hero of the Ad, in
which case the following line, with lofty
pillars, should be construed (of lofty
stature). The Ad were a tall race.
Abdullah Yusuf Ali
(1872-1953)
42. Yusuf Ali 《古蘭經》英文譯註
註： 6114
伊賴姆(Iram)似乎是阿拉伯南部一座古都
，以建有高大建築物自詡。一些評論家認
為 Iram 可能是以阿德(Ad)一民族英雄而
命名之地。若以此理解，下文應解作崇高
的支柱；阿德人是一個高大的民族。
Abdullah Yusuf Ali
(1872-1953)
50. National Geographic Dec.,1978
More than five thousand
geographic names appear on the
tablets. .....Also included is Iram,
an obscure city referred to in
Surah 89 of the Koran. ...
