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HOJA DE CALCULO PARA SUPERESTRUCTURA DEL PUENTE PEATONAL
ALAHUAYLLA
a) DISEÑO DE VIGA "T":
1.00 DATOS:
Luz libre : 10.0 m
Ancho de vía : 2.00 m
Longitud total : 10.40 m
Longitud de soporte: 0.40 m
Sobrecarga : 500.0 kg/m2
Carga puntual : 500 kg (en el centro)
2.0 PREDIMINSIONAMIENTO:
i) h = L/12=10.40/12 ⇒ h = 0.87 m.
ii) h = L/15=10.40/15 ⇒ h = 0.64 m.
iii) h = 0.07xL=0.07x10.40 ⇒ h = 0.73 m.
De estos valores asumiremos el tercer caso h ≈ 0.75 m.
USAR: ESPESOR DE LOSA h = 0.10 m.
ANCHO DE BASE DE VIGA b = 0.30 m.
ALTURA DE VIGA PRINCIPAL h = 0.75 m.
3.0 METRADO DE CARGA MUERTA:
CARGA REPARTIDA:
Losa : 1.00x2.30x0.10x2.40 = 0.552 tn/m
Viga principal : 1.00x0.30x0.60x2.40 = 0.432 tn/m
P=500 Kkg
w=1.0 tn/m
10.40 m.
Sardinel : 1.00x0.15x0.15x2.40x2 =0.108 tn/m
.
1.092 tn/m.
OTRAS CARGAS:
Columneta :0.20x0.15x0.90x2.40x10/10.40 = 0.0623 tn/m
Tubería FºGº de 2" :3x2x1.00x0.005 = 0.0300 tn/m
.
0.0923 tn/m.
Total de carga muerta = 1.184 tn/m.
4.0 CALCULO DE ESFUERZO CORTANTE Y MOMENTO MAXIMO:
i) Esfuerzo máximo y momento máximo por carga muerta:
MD = wL^2/8 = 1.186*10.40^1/8 ⇒ MD = 16.01 Tn -m.
VD= WxL/2 = 1.184x10.40/2 ⇒ VD = 6.157 Tn -m.
ii) Esfuerzo máximo y momento máximo por carga viva:
ML =wL^2/8 + PL/4 =.0x10.40^2/8+0.5x10.40/4 ⇒ ML =14.82Tn-m.
VL= WxL/2 +P/2 = 1.0x10.40/2 + 0.50/2 ⇒ VD = 5.45 Tn -m.
WD=1.184 tn/m
10.40 m.
WL=1.00 tn/m
10.40 m.
P=0.50 tn
POR SERVICIO:
MT = MD + ML = 16.01 + 14.62 = 30.83 tn-m
VT = VD + VL = 6.157 + 5.45 = 11.607 tn.
POR ROTURA:
MU = 1.4MD +1.7ML = 16.01(1.4) + 14.62(1.7) = 47.608 tn-m
VU = 1.3(VD + 5VL/3) = 1.3(6.157 + 5.45x5/3) = 19.81 tn.
5.0 CALCULO DE ACERO PARA VIGA PRINCIPAL
El diseño se considerará como viga T:
b ≤ L/4 ⇒ b ≤ 10.40/4 = 2.60
b ≤ 16xbw ⇒b ≤ 16x0.30 = 4.80
b ≤ bw + S ⇒ b ≤ 0.30+2.0 = 2.30
Se asume b = 2.30 m.
(*) CHEQUEO DE PERALTE POR SERVICIO:
DATOS:
f'c = 210 kg/cm2; Fr = 4200 kg/cm2
fc = 0.40 f'c ; fc = 84 kg/cm2
fs = 0.4fy; fs = 1680 kg/cm2
Cálculos:
n = Es/Ec = 2.10x1066/(15000(210)^2) = 9.66
r = fs/fc = 20; k = n/(n+r) = 9.66/(9.66+20) = 0.326
j = 1 - k/3 = 1 - 0.326/3 = 0.891
d = [(2xM)/(fcxjxkxb)]^2 =
d = [(2x30.83x10^2)/(84x0.891x0.326x230)]^2=33.15 cm
dmín = 33.15 cm ∠ 67 cm. L.q.q.d. Ok.
(**) CALCULO DE ACERO POR ROTURA:
d = 0.68; Mu = 47.608 tn-m; b = 230 cm; a = 8
As = Mu/[φfy(d-a/2) = 47.608x10^5/[0.9x4200(68-8/2)] =
As = 19.70 cm2
a = Asfy/(0.85xf'cxb) = 19.70x4200/(0.85x210x230) = 2.02
a = 1.92; As = 18.80 cm2
Considerando 8 varillas φ 3/4" y la d corregida es:
d =h - Y = 75 - 10 + 65.0 cm
Para d=65.0; b=230.0; Mu = 47.608x10^5 kg-cm.
a = 2.0; As = 19.80 cm2
Tomando φ 3/4" = 19.60/2.80= 7.07 varillas
TOMAR 8 VARILLAS φ 3/4"
As = 22.80 cm2
(...) Comprobación zona comprimida:
a = 0.35C; C = a/0.85: c=2/0.85=2.35 cm
Luego c=2.35 ∠∠ hlosa = 10 cm. CONFORME
(...) Verificación de cuantías:
ρb = (0.85xf'c xB1)/fy x (0.003xEs/0.003xEs+Fy)
Para valores : Es = 2.1x106
; fy = 4,200 Kg/cm2
; B1 = 0.85;
f'c = 210 Kg/cm2
ρb = 0.036
ρmáx = 0.75xPb = 0.0271
Cuantía de la viga: ρ = As/bxd = 22.80/230x65; ρ= 0.0015
Luego: ρ< ρmáx ; 0.0015 <0.0271 OK
(...) Para no verificar deflexión:
fmáx = 0.18f'c/fy = 0.18x210/4200 = 0.009>0.0015 OK
(...) Verificación por fatiga en servicio:
Mmáx = MD + ML = 30.83 tn.m
Mmín = MD = 16.01 tn.m
fsmáx = Mmáx/Asxjxd = 30.83x105
/22.80x0.891x65 ; fmáx = 2334.8 Kg/cm
fsmín = Mmín/Asxjxd = 16.01x105
/22.80x0.801x65 ; fmín = 1212.5 Kg/cm
Rango de esfuerzos actuantes
fmáx - fmín = (2334.8 - 1212.5) ; ∆fact = 1122.3 Kg/cm
Rango de esfuerzos admisibles
fp = 1635.36 - 0.36xfmín
fP = 1635.36 - 0.36x1212.5 ; fP = 1198.86 > fact =1122.3
** DISEÑO DEL ESTRIBO PARA VIGA PRINCIPAL POR CORTE:
VD = 6.157tm VL = 5.45tm VU = 19.81tm
νu = Vu/φbxd = (19.81x1000)/(0.85x30x65) ; νu=11.95 Kg/cm2
(...) Esfuerzo resistente del concreto
νc = φ[0.5f'c1/2
+ (175xDensidadxνuxd)/Mu]
νc = 0.85[0.5x2101/2
+ (175x0.0015x19.81x103
x65)/(47.608x105
]
νc = 6.22 Kg/cm2
Luego: νu - νc = (11.95 - 6.22) = 5.73 Kg/cm2
Tomando φ 3/8" con AV = 2x0.71 = 1.42 ; φ 3/8"
S =AVxfy/(νu - νc)b = 1.42x4200/(5.73x30) ; S=34cm
Se tomará estribos φ 3/8" 1φ@.05 ; 4 φ@.10; resto @.20
(...) Acero lateral (10% As principal)
AsxL = 0.10x22.80 ; AsxL= 2.3cm2
Tomando φ 1/2" con As = 1.27 y 2.3/1.27 =2 varillas;
USAR ACERO LATERAL : AsL = 2φ 1/2"
b) DISEÑO DE LOSA DEL PUENTE PEATONAL:
(...) CALCULO DE CARGA MUERTA:
Losa : 1.00x0.10x1.00x2.40 = 0.36 tn/m
Sardinel : 1.00x0.15x0.15x2.40 = 0.054 tn/m
Columneta + Baranda : 0.0032 + 0.015 = 0.020 tn/m
Carga puntual extremo : 0.054 + 0.020 = 0.074 tn/m
(...) MOMENTO MAXIMO Y ESFUERZO MAXIMO POR CARGA MUERTA:
MD = PxL + (WxL2
/2) = 0.074X0.925 + (0.36X1.02
/2) ; MD = 0.25tn
VD = P + WxL = 0.074 + 0.36X1.0 ; VD = 0.43tn
(...) MOMENTO MAXIMO Y ESFUERZO MAXIMO POR CARGA VIVA:
MV = 0.01x0.925 + (0.50X0.852
/2) ; MV = 0.25tn/m
VV = 0.01 + 0.5x0.85 ; VV = 0.435tn
(...) CALCULO DEL PERALTE DE LOSA POR SERVICIO:
M = MD + MV = 0.25 + 0.20 ; MV = 0.45tn.m
D = (2M/f'cxjxb)1/2
= (2x0.45x105
/84x0.891x0.326x100);
d = 6.07cm
(...) CALCULO DEL PEREALTE POR ROTURA:
MU = 1.3 + 5/3(ML)]
MU = 1.3[0.25 + 5/3x0.20] ; Mu = 0.76tn.m
d = h - (r+φest + φAs) ; d = 10 - (3 + 1.27) ;
d= 5.73
(...) CALCULO DEL ACERO:
MU = 0.76tn.m ; d=5.73cm ; b=100.0cm ; a=0.89 ; As = 3.81cm2
Asumimos φ1/2" 1.27/3.81 = 0.30
Tomar φ1/2"@.30
(...) Acero mínimo para la sección
Asmín = (14/fy)xbxd = (14/4200)x100x10 ; Asmín = 3.34 cm2
Por lo tanto: Asmín < As calculado OK
(...) Acero temperatura; Ast = 0.0018xbxt
Ast = 0.0018x100x10 ; Ast = 1.80cm2
Asumimos φ3/8" ; 0.72/1.80 ;
TOMAR : 1φ3/8"@.35cm
Acero positivo tomar 2/3 Asp en ambos lados
2/3(3.34) = 2.23cm2
; 0.72/2.23 = 0.30
TOMAR : 1φ 3/8"@.30 en cada lado.
(...) Verificación por esfuerzo cortante
VU = 1.3[VD + 5/3(VL)}
VU = 1.3[0.434 + 5/3x0.435] = 1.51tn
VC = φ[0.5(f'c)1/2
+ (175xDensidad x VU xd)/MU]
Densidad = As/bxd = 3.34/100x5.73 ; Densidad = 0.0058
VC = 0.85[0.5(210)1/2
+ (175x0.0058x1.51x103
x5.73)/(0.76x105
)]
VC = 6.20 Kg/cm2
VU = VU/φbxd = 1.51x1000/(0.85x1000x5.73) = 3.10 Kg/cm2
<VC OK

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Calculo para puente peatonal

  • 1. HOJA DE CALCULO PARA SUPERESTRUCTURA DEL PUENTE PEATONAL ALAHUAYLLA a) DISEÑO DE VIGA "T": 1.00 DATOS: Luz libre : 10.0 m Ancho de vía : 2.00 m Longitud total : 10.40 m Longitud de soporte: 0.40 m Sobrecarga : 500.0 kg/m2 Carga puntual : 500 kg (en el centro) 2.0 PREDIMINSIONAMIENTO: i) h = L/12=10.40/12 ⇒ h = 0.87 m. ii) h = L/15=10.40/15 ⇒ h = 0.64 m. iii) h = 0.07xL=0.07x10.40 ⇒ h = 0.73 m. De estos valores asumiremos el tercer caso h ≈ 0.75 m. USAR: ESPESOR DE LOSA h = 0.10 m. ANCHO DE BASE DE VIGA b = 0.30 m. ALTURA DE VIGA PRINCIPAL h = 0.75 m. 3.0 METRADO DE CARGA MUERTA: CARGA REPARTIDA: Losa : 1.00x2.30x0.10x2.40 = 0.552 tn/m Viga principal : 1.00x0.30x0.60x2.40 = 0.432 tn/m P=500 Kkg w=1.0 tn/m 10.40 m.
  • 2. Sardinel : 1.00x0.15x0.15x2.40x2 =0.108 tn/m . 1.092 tn/m. OTRAS CARGAS: Columneta :0.20x0.15x0.90x2.40x10/10.40 = 0.0623 tn/m Tubería FºGº de 2" :3x2x1.00x0.005 = 0.0300 tn/m . 0.0923 tn/m. Total de carga muerta = 1.184 tn/m. 4.0 CALCULO DE ESFUERZO CORTANTE Y MOMENTO MAXIMO: i) Esfuerzo máximo y momento máximo por carga muerta: MD = wL^2/8 = 1.186*10.40^1/8 ⇒ MD = 16.01 Tn -m. VD= WxL/2 = 1.184x10.40/2 ⇒ VD = 6.157 Tn -m. ii) Esfuerzo máximo y momento máximo por carga viva: ML =wL^2/8 + PL/4 =.0x10.40^2/8+0.5x10.40/4 ⇒ ML =14.82Tn-m. VL= WxL/2 +P/2 = 1.0x10.40/2 + 0.50/2 ⇒ VD = 5.45 Tn -m. WD=1.184 tn/m 10.40 m. WL=1.00 tn/m 10.40 m. P=0.50 tn
  • 3. POR SERVICIO: MT = MD + ML = 16.01 + 14.62 = 30.83 tn-m VT = VD + VL = 6.157 + 5.45 = 11.607 tn. POR ROTURA: MU = 1.4MD +1.7ML = 16.01(1.4) + 14.62(1.7) = 47.608 tn-m VU = 1.3(VD + 5VL/3) = 1.3(6.157 + 5.45x5/3) = 19.81 tn. 5.0 CALCULO DE ACERO PARA VIGA PRINCIPAL El diseño se considerará como viga T: b ≤ L/4 ⇒ b ≤ 10.40/4 = 2.60 b ≤ 16xbw ⇒b ≤ 16x0.30 = 4.80 b ≤ bw + S ⇒ b ≤ 0.30+2.0 = 2.30 Se asume b = 2.30 m. (*) CHEQUEO DE PERALTE POR SERVICIO: DATOS: f'c = 210 kg/cm2; Fr = 4200 kg/cm2 fc = 0.40 f'c ; fc = 84 kg/cm2 fs = 0.4fy; fs = 1680 kg/cm2 Cálculos: n = Es/Ec = 2.10x1066/(15000(210)^2) = 9.66 r = fs/fc = 20; k = n/(n+r) = 9.66/(9.66+20) = 0.326 j = 1 - k/3 = 1 - 0.326/3 = 0.891 d = [(2xM)/(fcxjxkxb)]^2 = d = [(2x30.83x10^2)/(84x0.891x0.326x230)]^2=33.15 cm dmín = 33.15 cm ∠ 67 cm. L.q.q.d. Ok. (**) CALCULO DE ACERO POR ROTURA: d = 0.68; Mu = 47.608 tn-m; b = 230 cm; a = 8 As = Mu/[φfy(d-a/2) = 47.608x10^5/[0.9x4200(68-8/2)] = As = 19.70 cm2 a = Asfy/(0.85xf'cxb) = 19.70x4200/(0.85x210x230) = 2.02 a = 1.92; As = 18.80 cm2 Considerando 8 varillas φ 3/4" y la d corregida es:
  • 4. d =h - Y = 75 - 10 + 65.0 cm Para d=65.0; b=230.0; Mu = 47.608x10^5 kg-cm. a = 2.0; As = 19.80 cm2 Tomando φ 3/4" = 19.60/2.80= 7.07 varillas TOMAR 8 VARILLAS φ 3/4" As = 22.80 cm2 (...) Comprobación zona comprimida: a = 0.35C; C = a/0.85: c=2/0.85=2.35 cm Luego c=2.35 ∠∠ hlosa = 10 cm. CONFORME (...) Verificación de cuantías: ρb = (0.85xf'c xB1)/fy x (0.003xEs/0.003xEs+Fy) Para valores : Es = 2.1x106 ; fy = 4,200 Kg/cm2 ; B1 = 0.85; f'c = 210 Kg/cm2 ρb = 0.036 ρmáx = 0.75xPb = 0.0271 Cuantía de la viga: ρ = As/bxd = 22.80/230x65; ρ= 0.0015 Luego: ρ< ρmáx ; 0.0015 <0.0271 OK (...) Para no verificar deflexión: fmáx = 0.18f'c/fy = 0.18x210/4200 = 0.009>0.0015 OK (...) Verificación por fatiga en servicio: Mmáx = MD + ML = 30.83 tn.m Mmín = MD = 16.01 tn.m fsmáx = Mmáx/Asxjxd = 30.83x105 /22.80x0.891x65 ; fmáx = 2334.8 Kg/cm fsmín = Mmín/Asxjxd = 16.01x105 /22.80x0.801x65 ; fmín = 1212.5 Kg/cm Rango de esfuerzos actuantes fmáx - fmín = (2334.8 - 1212.5) ; ∆fact = 1122.3 Kg/cm
  • 5. Rango de esfuerzos admisibles fp = 1635.36 - 0.36xfmín fP = 1635.36 - 0.36x1212.5 ; fP = 1198.86 > fact =1122.3 ** DISEÑO DEL ESTRIBO PARA VIGA PRINCIPAL POR CORTE: VD = 6.157tm VL = 5.45tm VU = 19.81tm νu = Vu/φbxd = (19.81x1000)/(0.85x30x65) ; νu=11.95 Kg/cm2 (...) Esfuerzo resistente del concreto νc = φ[0.5f'c1/2 + (175xDensidadxνuxd)/Mu] νc = 0.85[0.5x2101/2 + (175x0.0015x19.81x103 x65)/(47.608x105 ] νc = 6.22 Kg/cm2 Luego: νu - νc = (11.95 - 6.22) = 5.73 Kg/cm2 Tomando φ 3/8" con AV = 2x0.71 = 1.42 ; φ 3/8" S =AVxfy/(νu - νc)b = 1.42x4200/(5.73x30) ; S=34cm Se tomará estribos φ 3/8" 1φ@.05 ; 4 φ@.10; resto @.20 (...) Acero lateral (10% As principal) AsxL = 0.10x22.80 ; AsxL= 2.3cm2 Tomando φ 1/2" con As = 1.27 y 2.3/1.27 =2 varillas; USAR ACERO LATERAL : AsL = 2φ 1/2" b) DISEÑO DE LOSA DEL PUENTE PEATONAL:
  • 6. (...) CALCULO DE CARGA MUERTA: Losa : 1.00x0.10x1.00x2.40 = 0.36 tn/m Sardinel : 1.00x0.15x0.15x2.40 = 0.054 tn/m Columneta + Baranda : 0.0032 + 0.015 = 0.020 tn/m Carga puntual extremo : 0.054 + 0.020 = 0.074 tn/m (...) MOMENTO MAXIMO Y ESFUERZO MAXIMO POR CARGA MUERTA: MD = PxL + (WxL2 /2) = 0.074X0.925 + (0.36X1.02 /2) ; MD = 0.25tn VD = P + WxL = 0.074 + 0.36X1.0 ; VD = 0.43tn (...) MOMENTO MAXIMO Y ESFUERZO MAXIMO POR CARGA VIVA: MV = 0.01x0.925 + (0.50X0.852 /2) ; MV = 0.25tn/m VV = 0.01 + 0.5x0.85 ; VV = 0.435tn (...) CALCULO DEL PERALTE DE LOSA POR SERVICIO: M = MD + MV = 0.25 + 0.20 ; MV = 0.45tn.m D = (2M/f'cxjxb)1/2 = (2x0.45x105 /84x0.891x0.326x100); d = 6.07cm (...) CALCULO DEL PEREALTE POR ROTURA: MU = 1.3 + 5/3(ML)] MU = 1.3[0.25 + 5/3x0.20] ; Mu = 0.76tn.m d = h - (r+φest + φAs) ; d = 10 - (3 + 1.27) ; d= 5.73
  • 7. (...) CALCULO DEL ACERO: MU = 0.76tn.m ; d=5.73cm ; b=100.0cm ; a=0.89 ; As = 3.81cm2 Asumimos φ1/2" 1.27/3.81 = 0.30 Tomar φ1/2"@.30 (...) Acero mínimo para la sección Asmín = (14/fy)xbxd = (14/4200)x100x10 ; Asmín = 3.34 cm2 Por lo tanto: Asmín < As calculado OK (...) Acero temperatura; Ast = 0.0018xbxt Ast = 0.0018x100x10 ; Ast = 1.80cm2 Asumimos φ3/8" ; 0.72/1.80 ; TOMAR : 1φ3/8"@.35cm Acero positivo tomar 2/3 Asp en ambos lados 2/3(3.34) = 2.23cm2 ; 0.72/2.23 = 0.30 TOMAR : 1φ 3/8"@.30 en cada lado. (...) Verificación por esfuerzo cortante VU = 1.3[VD + 5/3(VL)} VU = 1.3[0.434 + 5/3x0.435] = 1.51tn VC = φ[0.5(f'c)1/2 + (175xDensidad x VU xd)/MU] Densidad = As/bxd = 3.34/100x5.73 ; Densidad = 0.0058 VC = 0.85[0.5(210)1/2 + (175x0.0058x1.51x103 x5.73)/(0.76x105 )] VC = 6.20 Kg/cm2 VU = VU/φbxd = 1.51x1000/(0.85x1000x5.73) = 3.10 Kg/cm2 <VC OK