Discussion #1 1. List three classes of drugs affecting the Hematopoietic System Examples of the classes of drugs that affect the hematopoietic system include anticoagulants, hematinics and hematopoietic growth factors (Hitner & Nagle, 2015). Anticoagulants are drugs that prevent the clotting of blood through various mechanisms. Hematinics are drugs that increase the blood volume by increasing the level of hemoglobin and the number of red blood cells while hematopoietic growth factors are drugs that are responsible for the production of various blood cells from the pluripotent stem cells (Hernandez & Rathinavelu, 2017). 2. List the mechanism of action for each class of drug Anticoagulants include heparin, derivates of Coumadin, Factor Xa inhibitors and thrombin inhibitors. Anticoagulants interfere with the clotting process at different levels in the pathway to prevent the clotting of blood. Heparin works by activating antithrombin III to prevent the actions of thrombin and those of clotting factor Xa in the last stages of the clotting pathway. Warfarin, a coumarin, acts by inhibiting the enzyme Vitamin K reductase which is used to recycle oxidized vitamin K. This reduces the synthesis of Vitamin K hence reduced activation of clotting factors II, VII, IX and X. Factor Xa inhibitors exert their effect by reversibly blocking factor Xa actions. Thrombin inhibitors bind to thrombin to inhibit its actions (Hernandez & Rathinavelu, 2017). Hematinics are blood nutrients required during hematopoiesis to form blood cells. They include iron, folate and Vitamin B12. Ferrous Sulphate (iron) combines with globin and pophyrin chains to form hemoglobin. Iron, Folate and Vitamin B12 are required in the formation of red blood cells. Hematinics are supplements to boost the levels of these nutrients (Hernandez & Rathinavelu, 2017). Hematopoetic growth factors are involved in the process of formation of specific blood cells. Erythropoietin binds to its receptor on red blood cell progenitor surface to accelerate production of red blood cells. Megakaryocyte Growth Factors increase platelet production and myeloid growth factors regulate the myeloid lineage characteristics in gthe formation of white blood cells (Hernandez & Rathinavelu, 2017). 3. Choose one medication from the three classes and discuss what disorder the drug is used to treat? How often the medication is given? What labs should get monitored while the patient is taking this medication? Ferrus Sulphate, also known as Iron, is used to treat iron deficiency anemia. It is an oral hematinics. For iron deficiency anemia, the normal dosage is 65 to 200mg per day in a maximum of three divided doses. Parameters to monitor include hemoglobin and hematocrict levels to prevent iron toxicity and overload (Hernandez & Rathinavelu, 2017). Discussion #2 What would you add to the current treatment plan? Why? I would add Isosorbide dinitrate 5mg PO BID to see if the patient’s chronic, stable angina may be better cont ...

1. Discussion #1
1. List three classes of drugs affecting the Hematopoietic
System
Examples of the classes of drugs that affect the hematopoietic
system include anticoagulants, hematinics and hematopoietic
growth factors (Hitner & Nagle, 2015). Anticoagulants are
drugs that prevent the clotting of blood through various
mechanisms. Hematinics are drugs that increase the blood
volume by increasing the level of hemoglobin and the number of
red blood cells while hematopoietic growth factors are drugs
that are responsible for the production of various blood cells
from the pluripotent stem cells (Hernandez & Rathinavelu,
2017).
2. List the mechanism of action for each class of drug
Anticoagulants include heparin, derivates of Coumadin, Factor
Xa inhibitors and thrombin inhibitors. Anticoagulants interfere
with the clotting process at different levels in the pathway to
prevent the clotting of blood. Heparin works by activating
antithrombin III to prevent the actions of thrombin and those of
clotting factor Xa in the last stages of the clotting pathway.
Warfarin, a coumarin, acts by inhibiting the enzyme Vitamin K
reductase which is used to recycle oxidized vitamin K. This
reduces the synthesis of Vitamin K hence reduced activation of
clotting factors II, VII, IX and X. Factor Xa inhibitors exert
their effect by reversibly blocking factor Xa actions. Thrombin
inhibitors bind to thrombin to inhibit its actions (Hernandez &
Rathinavelu, 2017).
Hematinics are blood nutrients required during hematopoiesis to
form blood cells. They include iron, folate and Vitamin B12.
Ferrous Sulphate (iron) combines with globin and pophyrin
chains to form hemoglobin. Iron, Folate and Vitamin B12 are
required in the formation of red blood cells. Hematinics are
supplements to boost the levels of these nutrients (Hernandez &

2. Rathinavelu, 2017).
Hematopoetic growth factors are involved in the process of
formation of specific blood cells. Erythropoietin binds to its
receptor on red blood cell progenitor surface to accelerate
production of red blood cells. Megakaryocyte Growth Factors
increase platelet production and myeloid growth factors regulate
the myeloid lineage characteristics in gthe formation of white
blood cells (Hernandez & Rathinavelu, 2017).
3. Choose one medication from the three classes and discuss
what disorder the drug is used to treat? How often the
medication is given? What labs should get monitored while the
patient is taking this medication?
Ferrus Sulphate, also known as Iron, is used to treat iron
deficiency anemia. It is an oral hematinics. For iron deficiency
anemia, the normal dosage is 65 to 200mg per day in a
maximum of three divided doses. Parameters to monitor include
hemoglobin and hematocrict levels to prevent iron toxicity and
overload (Hernandez & Rathinavelu, 2017).
Discussion #2
What would you add to the current treatment plan? Why?
I would add Isosorbide dinitrate 5mg PO BID to see if the
patient’s chronic, stable angina may be better controlled.
Would you discontinue any of the currently prescribed
medication? Why or why not?
This patient appears to be tolerating the current medication
regimen, therefore there would be no indication to discontinue
any of the medications that he is currently taking.
How does the diagnosis stage 3 chronic kidney disease affect
your choices?
Ace-inhibitors have protective and therapeutic qualities for the
kidneys which is important especially in cases of diabetes
mellitus (DM) type II with neuropathies. It is the first-line
therapy for patients with DM and should be continued in
patients that are tolerating the medication. Isosorbide dinitrate

3. does not require renal dosing, therefore it is an excellent
selection for the treatment of angina in a patient with chronic
kidney disease (CKD).
Why is the patient prescribed more than one antihypertensive?
For patients with myocardial infarction (MI), atenolol reduces
the size of the infarct and early mortality when it is initiated
early on and may lower the risk of death when continued long
term (Rosenson, Reeder, & Kennedy, 2017). The benefit of beta
blockers in a patient with MI include a decreased demand of
oxygen and reduction in heart rate, blood pressure and
contractility of the heart. Furthermore, ace-inhibitor therapy
that is initiated early on after an acute MI improves left
ventricular ejection fraction. The combination of both drug
therapies ultimately prevents remodeling of the heart which
leads to heart failure.
What is the benefit of the aspirin therapy in this patient?
There are many debates regarding the use of aspirin in patients
with DM and CKD due to increased risk bleeding (Ebell, 2019),
however current studies provide evidence that high-risk patients
(DM and CKD) taking low-dose aspirin experienced a reduction
in vascular-related death, MIs, ischemic stroke, transient
ischemic attacks.
Running head: PROJECT OUTLINE AND STAKEHOLDERS
1
PROJECT OUTLINE AND STAKEHOLDERS
3
Project Outline and Stakeholders
Tangela Jones
Walden University

4. 1. Goals for the project
a. Increase the quality of services that are delivered at the
University
b. Increase parent and student satisfaction, especially during the
first year, when the turnover rates are high (Seidman, 2019).
c. Increase student retention in the University by engaging and
interacting with students.
2. Description of the local context
a. Southern New Hampshire University is a University that is
suffering because of low student retention rate.
b. The retention rate at the university is 61%, which is
worrying.
3. Activities, initiatives, or strategies to be used
a. Engaging students in the school decision making process.
b. The use of sports activities that bring students together and
make them feel like equal members of the institution.
c. Promote a positive and friendly attitude from the teachers and
staff members (Seidman, 2019).
4. Deliverables or outcomes – what the project should
accomplish
a. The project should help to increase the institution’s retention
rate.
5. How the project, if implemented, could be evaluated or
assessed

5. a. The project will be evaluated by its ability to increase the
retention rate from its current percentage of 61%.
6. A proposed timeline that could be followed to implement the
project
a. The project will take eight weeks.
b. The strategies that will be implemented will, however, be
embraced in the culture of the University.
7. A list of budgetary items
a) A budget of $1,000 will be needed to cater for the needs of
the project team.
b) Devices that will be used to store data will also be needed
(Laptops and Tablets).
c) A team of seven permanent project members will be needed.
d) The team will survey Administration, Faculty and current &
former Students.
e) My team will provide feedback in the form of data analysis.
f) Data analysis will highlight the areas that needs
improvement.
8. The stakeholder audience to whom you plan to present your
project plan/proposal, and reasons for their interest in the
project
a. The Board of Directors
i. The board of directors' team is the one that authorizes the
implementation of new strategies.
ii. The project will need financial support, and that means that

6. they must be consulted.
b. Staff Members
i. Staff members are engaged in the affairs of students.
ii. When they are targeted, they help to understand more about
the factors that promote high rates of retention.
iii. They are also used as tools for implementing the strategies
that will be included in the project.
c. Parents and Teachers Association
i. Parents and teachers have an essential role when it comes to
the retention of students because parents fund the education of
the students and teachers control the class atmosphere (Dula,
Lampley, & Lampley, 2018).
ii. Parents and teachers can be used as tools to stop the
escalation of the problem.
iii. They can also contribute and advise on the areas that should
be focused on.
References
Dula, M. E., Lampley, S. A., & Lampley, J. H. (2018).
Undergraduate Retention Rates for
Students in Learning Support Math Classes versus Traditional
Math Classes Controlling
for ACT Mathematics Scores. Journal of Learning in Higher
Education, 14(1), 1-6.
Seidman, A. (2019). Minority Student Retention: The Best of
the" Journal of College Student
Retention: Research, Theory & Practice." Routledge.

7. Complete your final Capstone Project incorporating feedback
from your classmates, Instructor, and stakeholder audience. To
the elements you have completed previously, add a 1–2 page
section on recommendations for future implementation. See
attached original outline please add to this document.
Your final project should include the following components:
· Problem statement and rationale
· Literature review
· Description of project – expand your outline to a 2–3 page
narrative description
· Presentation slides
· Summary of stakeholder feedback
· Recommendations for future implementation***add a slide to
include this in the attached power point project
Assignment summary below
1. Please add 2-3 page narrative description to attached outline
2. Please add future implementation to attached power point.
Student Retention in Higher EducationTangela JonesWalden
UniversityEDUC 6960Dr. R Theroux
Problem statement and rationale
The project has focused on a problem that is affecting
Universities and it is student retention
The university that has I chose to research is Southern New
Hampshire University.

8. Based on my research I found that Southern New Hampshire
University has an retention rate of 61%
It therefore means that out of 100 students, only 61 get to
proceed with their education
The factors that promote the problem have been addressed
The problem that the project has focused on is the problem of
student retention. Retention is essential in schools and
workplaces. The reason behind it is associated with the fact that
retention rate is a measure that is used to dictate the success
rate of an organization(Seidman, 2019). When the rate of
retention is high, it means that the level of satisfaction is high
as well.
*
Continuation
Student retention has effects on students and institutions
The trust of potential students is built by the reputation of the
institution
When an institution has a bad reputation, potential students are
scared off
The project will look into the problem with the aim of coming
up with the best solution
The areas that need to be changed will also be highlighted.
Retention rate in schools and organizations are motivated by
different factors. At the same time, the rate of retention has
effects on the people who seek the services of an organization
or institution(Seidman, 2019). Therefore, there is a dire need to
look into factors that promote retention as well as ways to boost
the rates of retention.

9. *
Summary of literature review
For an University to succeed, there is a need to have high rates
of student retention
Retaining students is something that should be done by the
administration
There are different ways in which the administration of a
University can raise retention rate
However, there are steps that it must follow
The first step is to understand factors that reduce and increase
the rates of retention
Universities have an obligation to make sure that the rates of
retention are high. When the rates of retention are low, it is
evident that something is not well and there is a need to know
what is not well. Universities should focus more on knowing the
factors that influence retention. By having such knowledge, it
becomes possible to point out to areas that need to be looked
into.
*
Continuation……
The learning environment of any university must be suitable for
its students
When the learning environment is not suitable, retention rate
decrease
There are different factors that affect the learning environment
Teachers and staff members can increase the rate of retention by
being more considerate
The learning resources and equipment can also affect the rate or

10. retention
The main reason why students seek to enroll in Universities is
to make sure that they acquire the skills that they need to build
their career (Seidman, 2019). Therefore, it means that when the
learning environment frustrates the students from achieving
their goals, they opt to leave for other Universities. The people
who deal with the students also have an impact on the rate of
retention. When they are good to the students, the students opt
to stay instead of leaving for another University.
*
Goals for the project
Understand more about student retention
Identify factors that promote student retention
Look into factors that promote student retention
Identify the solutions for low retention rates at Southern New
Hampshire University
The goals of the project are associated with the problem of low
rates of retention within the higher education sector(Seidman,
2019). The main aim of the project is to help. Therefore, the
project expounds more on the issue of student retention, looks
into factors that affect student retention, and then provides
solutions for the problem at hand.
*
Description of the local context

11. The issue of student retention has effects locally
The University that has been used to state the problem is
Southern New Hampshire University
The University has a retention rate of 61%
The retention rate is too low and that shows that the problem is
locally affecting the institutions
Locally, the problem of student retention is affecting
Universities. It is dangerous when it gets to a point that an
institution has a retention rate of slightly above fifty percent. In
this respect, it is evident that there is a need to look into the
problem locally because it has effects on the local higher
education sector.
*
Activities, initiatives, or strategies
Engaging students in the school decision making process.
The use of sports activities that bring students together and
make them feel like equal members of the institution.
Promote a positive and friendly attitude from the teachers and
staff members
Activities that bring the members of staff and the students
together will help in providing a solution for the problem. It is
imperative to note that relationships are essential in institutions
and when they are fostered, they might discourage the students
from leaving. Engaging the students in the decision making
process of the University is also another strategy that will help
in finding a solution to the problem.
*

12. Continuation
Students versus staff team building activities
Creation of platforms to air out views
Increased resources
The promotion of equality through sensitization and awareness
Promote diversity within the management
Create policies that help the new students to feel as part and
parcel of the institution
The reason why there are drop out cases is because the learning
environment ejects students when they are still fresh and
new(Seidman, 2019). Having programs that embrace the new
students will increase the rate of retention. Promotion of
diversity will also be of great help to different students. All
students will feel as part and parcel of the institution.
*
Deliverables or outcomes
The main outcome of the project is increased retention rate
The outcomes will be seen in the following ways
Increased parent satisfaction
Increased student satisfaction
Improved relationships between students and the administration
A suitable learning environment
Diversity within the institution
The main aim of the project is to make sure that retention rates
are increased at the University. The outcomes will only be
attained if the factors that affect retention rate will be dealt

13. with(Seidman, 2019). The r project will make sure that factors
that promote the problem are dealt with once and for all.
*
Project Evaluation and assessment
The project will be measured using two metrics
The first one is the beating of the deadlines
The project will be divided into stages and meeting the deadline
of each stage will be proof that it is headed in the right
direction
The second metric is associated with the retention rates
Signs of increasing retention rates will be used to dictate if the
project is attaining its goals or not
The main aim of the project is to bring change (Dula, Lampley,
& Lampley, 2018). Therefore, proof of change will be used to
dictate if the project is headed in the right direction or not.
Increased rate of retention will come a long way to help to
know if the project is headed in the right direction or not.
*
A proposed timeline
The project will take eight weeks
Weekends will not be counted
The reason why it will take eight weeks is associated with the
magnitude of the problem
The problem that is at hand if not discovered might lead to the
negative effect on your institute .
Therefore, it needs some time

14. The time that the project will last is eight weeks. The eight
weeks are aimed at helping the project team to identify the
problems at hand. At the same time, the creation of solutions
will take place within the eight weeks.
*
Budget
A budget of $1,000 will be needed to cater for the needs of the
project team.
Devices that will be used to store data will also be needed
(Laptops and Tablets).
A team of seven permanent project members will be needed.
The team will survey Administration ,Faculty and current &
former Students .
My team will provide feedback in the form of data analysis.
Data analysis will highlight the areas that needs improvement.
The project will cost $1000 only. The money will be used to
purchase the resources that are needed to complete the project.
At the same time, the money will be used to take care of the
needs of the project team
*
THE END
References
Dula, M. E., Lampley, S. A., & Lampley, J. H. (2018).
Undergraduate Retention Rates for Students in Learning

15. Support Math Classes versus Traditional Math Classes
Controlling for ACT Mathematics Scores. Journal of Learning
in Higher Education, 14(1), 1-6.
Seidman, A. (2019). Minority Student Retention: The Best of
the" Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory &
Practice." Routledge.
“Failure is the opportunity to begin again more intelligently.” –
Henry Ford