Running head HEALTHCARE ISSUE POLICY ! 1Healthcare I.docx

Running head: HEALTHCARE ISSUE POLICY
! 1
Healthcare Issue Policy
Raha Albeshr
January,4,2017
Lyn
Sticky Note
Suggestion for title to paper: "Creating a More Inclusive
System: Expanding Access to Health Care with the PPACA"
HEALTHCARE ISSUE POLICY 2
Healthcare Issue Policy
Policy History: Provide some background on the health issue
you are researching. What
aspects of earlier debates (key arguments, rhetoric, etc.) have
shaped current
controversies on this topic?
The United States currently has many healthcare issues that it is
facing. These issues
are the main reason why a large number of people in the country

face a lot of health
problems. The country is currently spending the largest amount
of money on healthcare
compared to other countries. Due to this reason, many people
have provided proposals for
policies that can be utilized to solve these health issues and
help individuals in the country
attain a healthcare improvement. An example of the many issues
that the country is facing
among others includes shortage of doctors, substance abuse,
tobacco, overweight, and
obesity. Access to healthcare is a major issue that many
individuals in the United States feel
the need to ensure its existence.
Many people in the United States are interested in the issue of
access to healthcare.
Without good access, people do not have the ability to ensure
that they will remain healthy.
Access to health care is thus a significantly important aspect
that people are highly concerned
with. The patient protection and the affordable care act is one of
the main policy that has
attempted to address this issue. Through this act, many
individuals have managed to attain

Lyn
Sticky Note
Capitalize first letters for the name of the law: Patient
Protection and Affordable Care Act
Lyn
Sticky Note
A better focus for this paragraph would be to quote the numbers
of individuals who were uninsured prior to the ACA, and the
current numbers of uninsured, showing that the ACA reduced
the numbers of uninsured by over 20 million. Then talk about
the programs that brought more people into the health care
system.
access to healthcare. A large number of individuals who were
initially uninsured have
currently managed to attain access to healthcare provision. This
is due to the fact that the
affordable care act has made access to health care significantly
cheap and thus those without
the ability to pay high for them to access healthcare provision
have managed to attain cheap
options that they can take and thus attain access. The
government, through the act, has also
established programs that both cater for the poor, the old and
the disabled individuals

ensuring that they are fully covered for health under the
government’s cost (Sederstrom,
2014).
Despite these changes and governmental efforts to ensure access
to healthcare for all
individuals within the united states, Healthcare access is still a
significant problem in the
united states. There are still a number of people who do not
have access and at the same time,
a large number of people still question the efficiency of the
policy. With the changes that the
care provision act introduced by president Obama established,
many people attained access to
healthcare provision, an aspect that resulted in a high demand
for highly qualified health care
providers like doctors and physicians. The doctors in the
country are thus not sufficient and
thus access to health care for many people in the country
resulted in many people within the
country receiving poor quality healthcare provision. The main
issue in this case, therefore, is
the fact that the access to healthcare is not completely inclusive
despite the establishment of

the affordable care act and has many other methods through
which people and policy makers
explain would be beneficial in increasing access. A good
example of such a policy argument
is changing the scope of practice laws, which limit the ability of
healthcare practitioners to
provide care to the limit of their abilities.
Lyn
Sticky Note
Identify them as (1) expansion of Medicaid (government health
insurance for the poor) and (2) private insurance policies
purchased through state exchanges or marketplaces.
Lyn
Sticky Note
Always capitalize: United States
Lyn
Sticky Note
You can abbreviate this as ACA.
Lyn
Sticky Note
I don't understand this last sentence.
Two Sides: What are the two opposing positions in the
contemporary debate and who

are the key proponents of each? Describe what each side
proposes is the problem and
how they intend to solve it, then relate what you know about
who the claims-makers are
(the advocates of each side) and what stake they have in the
outcomes.
The argument concerning the issue of changing practice laws
has both supporters to
this claim and the individuals who do not support the claim.
People who support the claim
explain that healthcare providing practitioners have
significantly important and beneficial
skills that they can utilize to fully help individuals overcome
their health challenges. The
ability of these individuals to utilize their skills in the same is
however limited by many
practice laws, which state that they can only provide certain
services and despite their high
training and ability, these individuals are denied the chance to
continue with their practice.
This aspect takes place when the country is currently in a large
shortage of healthcare highly
qualified practitioners like doctors and thus many individuals
are forced to wait for a long

time to receive the services of the only qualified and permitted
practitioners when the freely
available practitioners like nurses could have effectively
addressed their requirements and
health needs. This side of the argument, therefore, explain that
it is highly appropriate for the
laws that limit the ability of the individuals within the health
providing facilities to be
changed so that they can allow all practitioners to provide
services to the levels of their
training limit. This would significantly increase the number of
individuals within an
organization who can help patients and thus access to many
individuals would be enabled
(Wood, 2011).
There are however a group of individuals who are significantly
against this policy
argument. These individuals explain that the current laws that
govern practices have been
Lyn
Sticky Note
I suggest you approach the opposing sides to increasing access
as (1) the Democratic Party's approach of the ACA that
expanded Medicaid and offered policies and subsidies through
the marketplaces, and (2) proposals from the Republican Party

(do some searches; for example, they propose a block grant
system for Medicaid).
established for many reasons, which involves the provision of
quality care to every patient.
They explain that the changing of these laws would increase
both access and inefficiency in
the field of health care and that it would be appropriate for
people to wait until their cases are
handled by highly qualified individuals than to have their cases
addressed first by people who
are not considered qualified. Instead of this solution, therefore,
these individuals propose that
the most appropriate solution is the increase of medical training
facilities and encouragement
of the young individuals in the high learning institutions to take
courses that relate to health
care provision careers. This reason, therefore, is a major cause
of the opposing views of the
individuals providing significant explanations concerning this
issue, and the most appropriate
steps that should be taken to fully address it.
In what ways do these policy positions reflect an individual vs a

social factors model of
disease or approach to health care? Is there a moral dimension
to the debate?
The two arguments concerning access to healthcare have
support from people in the
United States. A large number of them support the argument
that changing laws for practice
within the United States would address the access problem in
the United States. Another
group of individuals on the other hand supports the claim that
changing the laws would
significantly diminish quality provision of healthcare and thus
they support the policy of
increasing the number of institutions offering healthcare
provision courses to students in the
higher learning institutions of the country and at the same time
the provision of
encouragement strategies where those students would be
encouraged to study those courses.
These policy positions reflect people’s social perspectives and
individual
personalities. A group of people exists who mainly view the
negative possibilities of aspects

Lyn
Sticky Note
This question refers to the reading by Morone in which he
contrasts an individualistic moral view with a communitarian
moral view. Which do you think applies to the two sides in this
debate, and why?
in the United States. These people in many cases oppose the
majority of the issues that do not
affect them, whether they are correct or wrong. The majority of
such individuals are in the
group that is currently claiming that lowering the restrictions
established by the practice laws
would reduce the efficiency of healthcare provision. This is
because many of the individuals
who involve in the provision of healthcare activities do not
fully utilize the skills that they
had been taught in their training sessions. The majority of these
skills are out into waste,
mainly because the practice restricting laws mainly prohibit the
from using them on patients.
The united states, therefore, face challenges and remain without
addressing them, when these
challenges have a solution that could simply be established by
changing some of its current

operating law (States in Action, 2010).
A major problem exists within the country due to the people
who offer support to
others and policies without any specific reason for the support.
This group of people decides
to offer support to policies through political; basis and not their
views and perspectives
concerning the same. These individuals would support a policy
argument without even
having to listen and understand the claims of the argument,
simply because a certain
individual who they support politically is also supporting the
argument. With regard to this
policy, a number of individuals also support the policy
arguments basing from the individuals
that support them. The debate also has a moral dimension. The
individuals who support
arguments since they believe they are the most appropriate and
should be established are
morally right and should have their understanding taken into
account when the appropriate
approach concerning the policy is being taken. The individuals
who offer the support of an

argument without considering its provision, on the other hand,
are not morally correct,
mainly because they offer support to an argument they have not
considered and thus are not
aware of the effect that the policy established by the argument
would have both to them and
others.
How do social conditions play a role in understanding these
policy positions? Is there an
issue with access to appropriate resources, and, if so, what
would they be in this
particular case? Are there “upstream” factors that divide the
positions, or are they
ignored by both sides? If the latter, give an example of what is
missing from the debate.
Social conditions refer to the situations through which
individuals have in the society
due to their ethnicity, income, education and occupation among
other factors. These
conditions significantly affect the perspectives of individuals
and their concerns with regard

to many policies that are proposed. An individual with a
significantly low income, for
example, would have a significant concern to policy arguments
that would make a difference
with his or her affordability of certain goods or services and at
the same time improve his or
her income. At the same time, an individual with a high income
would have a different
perspective, mainly because he or she is aware that making
certain goods and services cheap
would not make any significant difference.
Access to healthcare is a condition that all people in the society
can attain. Both the
rich and the poor people in the society are affected by the
condition. The poor people in the
society lack the ability to access healthcare because they rely
fully on the single option that
they can afford within the affordable care act provision. These
individuals do not have the
ability look for other sources of care provision mainly because
they are not able to pay for
them. Some other individuals at the same time do not have any
way through which they can
access healthcare. The lack of healthcare providers causes a

high demand for healthcare
provision and thus results in an increase in healthcare provision
cost. The increase in cost
results in a certain group of low-income earners being unable to
attain access to healthcare
provision.
Although the problem of access also affects the high-income
earners, these
individuals have the ability to outsource healthcare services
from other options apart from the
provisions of the affordable care act. This implies that the
problem of access does not affect
them significantly in the same way that it affects the low-
income earners. The ability of the
high-income earners to access healthcare services from other
places mainly because they
have the ability to pay for them and the inability of the poor
individuals to access such care
thus affects the views and perspective of people with regard to
this policy proposition. People
with the ability to outsource healthcare services have their main

aim being the quality of care
that is provided to them. Due to this reason, therefore, they
support the solution of increasing
medical courses in schools and encouraging students in order to
increase the number of
qualified healthcare providing personnel in future. They have
the understanding that
currently, they would still attain access from different sources
since they have the ability to
pay for them. Low-income earners, on the other hand, have a
different perspective (Enomoto,
2016).
Are there disparities among different social groups in regards to
this issue (e.g.,
different disease rates, differential access to treatments or
facilities, different
experiences of disease progression, etc.)? Do these disparities
figure into the current
debate? If not, why not?
As explained, major disparities exist within the existing social
groups. The main

social groups are divided by the difference in earning that
people in the society attain. The
individuals who attain high earnings have the ability to
guarantee their access to health care
unlike the individuals living under low earnings. This fact
causes their opinions and support
concerning the healthcare access policy arguments significantly
different. The lowly earning
individuals support the argument that practice laws that limit
highly skilled healthcare
providing individuals like nurses to provide health care to
patients up to the level of their
limits to be changed allowing them to provide more of the skills
that they have attained. On
the other hand, the highly earning individuals support the
establishment of the policy
argument that the most appropriate solution to access of
healthcare is increasing the number
of higher learning institutions that offer healthcare provision
courses. The argument also
includes the increase in the number of individuals willing to
take those courses and thus
manage to increase the number of qualified healthcare providing
individuals in future.

The lowly earning individuals support this argument of the
policy because the cost is
a major concern in their access to healthcare. They are not able
to access healthcare from
other sources apart from the provision of the affordable care act
that they manage to afford.
When the healthcare providing individuals are thus limited and
they are required to wait for a
long time for them to be provided with healthcare, these
individuals do not have the funds to
pay for other outsourced sources of care. The individuals,
therefore, views the change of laws
to allow the other restricted but skilled practitioners to also
contribute by offering their skills
to the maximum levels. The individuals understand that by
changing these laws, many
individuals would thus involve in the practice of providing care
and thus the problem of
delays to access healthcare, which is significantly important,
would be reduced significantly.
The rich individuals, on the other hand, support the argument of

increasing the
number of qualified practitioners in the healthcare provision
system through the increase of
courses in schools and encouragement strategies because, to
begin with, quality is a major
concern compared to the individuals who are not able to access
healthcare similarly. The
second main reason is because the individuals have the ability
to use other methods in
accessing healthcare apart from the provided options by the
healthcare affordable care act,
mainly because they have the ability to pay for the services
offered. This implies that the
individuals, therefore, do not have problems waiting for years
until the individuals from
schools complete their studies to cause the desired changes.
These two main disparities,
therefore, makes a significant contribution to the debate
concerning this policy.
Annotated Bibliography
The research concerning this issue is obtained from many
literal sources, which
provide sufficient information concerning the topic. This
section provides information

concerning each source and the reason why it was beneficial to
the research of the topic.
States in Action, (2010). State and Federal Efforts to Enhance
Access to Basic Health Care:
States in Action Archive. Retrieved from
http://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/
newsletters/states-in-action/2010/mar/march-april-
2010/feature/feature
This source provides information concerning the current
methods that different states
in the country are utilizing to increase healthcare and the
challenges that these methods face.
Information from this source is important because it explains
the current problems that the
states are facing with regard to access to healthcare and the
current methods that the states are
attempting to utilize in order to change the condition. Access to
healthcare is important and
http://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/newsletters/stat
es-in-action/2010/mar/march-april-2010/feature/feature
thus almost all states have established plans to enhance the
same. Some of these plans have

failed and others have succeeded. Information from this source
can thus be utilized to
determine whether the arguments of the access policy are
appropriate or not.
Sederstrom, J. (2014). 7 ways to improve access: Modern
Medicine Network. Retrieved from
http://managedhealthcareexecutive.modernmedicine.com/manag
ed-healthcare-executive/
content/tags/access-care/7-ways-improve-access
This article provides information concerning the methods that
different states have
decided to establish through which they intend to increase
healthcare access to the individuals
within them. The authors explain certain methods and proposals
to policy makers through
which healthcare access can be improved and enhanced within
the states and even the nation
at large. Amount the many methods that the authors explain is
the method of changing
restriction laws which is explained in detail within this paper.
The authors also provide an
explanation of the many individuals that intend to have the
other policies that are education

based replacing this policy.
Enomoto, K. (2016). Improving Access to Mental Health
Services: HHS Gov. Retrieved from
https://www.hhs.gov/blog/2016/02/09/improving-access-mental-
health-services.html
This source provide information concerning the ability of
different but already
established programs in the united states have managed to affect
the ability of the united
states to increase and improve healthcare access. The author to
the source explain about a
large number of programs that are currently in place, which aid
the ability of the country and
individual states to extend healthcare access to the individuals
that are not able to attain
access. The information provided by this source is important
because through it the paper
ed-healthcare-executive/content/tags/access-care/7-ways-
improve-access
Lyn
Sticky Note
It's not clear to me from this summary or your use of this in the
text what specific programs states have initiated. Use examples,

or perhaps a range of possibilities to illustrate what they are
doing.
manages to explain the basis that different groups supporting
different arguments base their
arguments.
Wood, R. (2011). Reducing Costs and Improving the Quality of
Health Care: Robert Wood
Foundation. Retrieved from http://bit.ly/2iEuPLL
This source provides information concerning the means through
which the quality of
healthcare can be improved with reduced costs being also in
place. The author to the source
provides many ways through which people are able to increase
the number of sources and at
the same time manage to reduce the cost. The source explains
the aspect of ensuring that all
practitioners are allowed to operate to the levels only limited by
their skills and thus supports
one of the argument claims that the change of the restriction
laws is one of the main methods
through which access to healthcare provision can be enhanced.

References
http://bit.ly/2iEuPLL
Lyn
Sticky Note
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation?
Enomoto, K. (2016). Improving Access to Mental Health
Services: HHS Gov. Retrieved from
Sederstrom, J. (2014). 7 ways to improve access: Modern
Medicine Network. Retrieved from
ed-healthcare-
executive/content/tags/access-care/7-ways-improve-access
States in Action, (2010). State and Federal Efforts to Enhance
Access to Basic Health Care:
States in Action Archive. Retrieved from
http://www.commonwealthfund.org/
publications/newsletters/states-in-action/2010/mar/march-april-
2010/feature/feature
Wood, R. (2011). Reducing Costs and Improving the Quality of
Health Care: Robert Wood

Foundation. Retrieved from http://bit.ly/2iEuPLL
ed-healthcare-executive/content/tags/access-care/7-ways-
improve-access
http://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/newsletters/stat
es-in-action/2010/mar/march-april-2010/feature/feature
http://bit.ly/2iEuPLL
Lyn
Sticky Note
The instructions for the bibliography were that you cite eight
(8) journal articles relevant to your topic and there are only four
citations here.
Lyn
Sticky Note
Raha,
I encourage you to use CLU's Writing Center to help you craft
your paper and improve your communication in English. It will
help me better understand the work you are doing!

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