HEAT AND CHEMICAL STERILIZERS IN DENTISTRY

1. HEAT AND CHEMICAL
STERILIZATION
PRESENTED BY
Dr. SREEJAN.C.K, MDS
PROFESSOR
DEPT OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY
MALABAR DENTAL COLLEGE AND RESEARCH CENTER
MANOOR, EDAPPAL, KERALA

2. A hot air oven is used to sterilize
equipments with dry heat.
Hot Air Oven

3. The recommended temperature and
time for sterilization of medical
equipment is as follows :
• 170°C for 2 hours
• 180°C for 1 hour.

4. Hot Air oven

5. Hot Air oven

6. Chemical Sterilization

7. • Ethylene oxide is a colourless gas
which is toxic to inhale.
• It is effective against all organisms
and does not damage equipment.
Ethylene oxide

8. • The operating cycle ranges from 2 to
24 hours so the time is prolonged.
• It needs specialized equipments and
it is a relatively expensive process
Ethylene oxide

9. High Level Disinfectants :
• High level disinfectants are capable
of sterilization when contact time is
extended.

10. Aldehydes
• They are active against bacteria,
viruses and fungi.
• They are actively used nowadays
and are high level disinfectants
• Acting as sterilants in appropriate
concentrations and contact time.
• E.g. Glutaraldehyde (Cidex) &
formaldehyde

11. • Formaldehyde is irritant to the
eyes, respiratory tract and skin.
• It can also be absorbed by some
materials and subsequently slowly
released with potentially hazardous
results.
Formaldehyde

12. b) Hypochlorites
• They act against bacteria, fungi,
viruses and bacterial spores. They
are corrosive to metals.
• They are inactivated by organic
matter and decay on storage.
• E.g. : 5 % Sodium Hypochlorite
Solution (Bleach)

13. Hydrogen peroxide
It is a strong oxidant allowing it to destroy a
wide range of pathogens.

14. • Formaldehyde is irritant to the
eyes, respiratory tract and skin.
• It can also be absorbed by some
materials and subsequently slowly
released with potentially hazardous
results.
Formaldehyde