Although it is called the scientific method, it is a process and it should not be confused with a specific research method such as experimentation. E-R is systematic and within a broad framework follows the steps of the scientific method. However, across different types of studies there is extensive flexibility in how the steps are implemented. 研究的特点 : 系统的、有效的、可靠的 具有很强的综合性和整体性 时间较长 具有较强的针对性和实践性 需要多方配合 要遵从一定的道德规范
找些案例
If a theory did not exist or was not well developed, one could conceptualize a theory based on a logical analysis of prior research applied to the phenomenon under study. A theory is a generalization or series of generalizations by which we attempt to explain some phenomena in a systematic manner.