The document discusses the relationship between diet and health. It defines a healthy diet and outlines how diet can both aggravate and regulate disease. Poor diet is linked to several health issues like heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. The Scottish government aims to restrict marketing of unhealthy foods and increase availability of healthy options to reduce diet-related illnesses in the population.

1. Presented by:
Gilda Philip
Michael E. Oludipe
Christa Maria Joel
Philo Mary Hillary Fernandez
Qudroh Arowolo
Hira Zahid

2.  Brief discussion about of effect of diet on
health

3.  Introduction & Definition
 Role of diet in aggravating the disease
 Role of diet in regulating the disease
 Policies taken by the Scottish govt to reduce
the burden of diet related on the population
 Conclusion
 Reference/ Bibliography

4.  A healthy diet is defined as
those which is health-
promoting and disease-
preventing. It provides
adequacy without excess, of
nutrients and health promoting
substances from nutritious
foods and avoids the
consumption of health-
harming substances (Neufeld
et al., 2021)
 Importance of good nutrition
(Cena & Calder, 2020)
 Constituents of a healthy diet
(Skerrett & Willett, 2010).

5.  Diet - routine(habitual) meals
 Disease- a disorder of structure or function
 Balance Diet- Must contain carbs, protein, fat,
fibre, vitamins, minerals and water.

6.  Studies – According to Institute for Health
Metrics and Evaluation (April 2019)
 “Better eating could prevent one in five
deaths worldwide
Low amount of healthy foods, including
whole grains and fruits, more significant than
high levels of unhealthy foods
Dietary risks, such as high sodium intake, are
an ‘equal opportunity killer” (Kelly Bienhoff et al
2019)

7.  Diet too high in calories,
saturated fat, sodium, and
added sugars, and does not
have enough fruits, vegetables,
whole grains, calcium, and fiber-
unhealthy diet contributes to
heart disease, diabetes,
obesity, high blood pressure,
stroke, osteoporosis and
cancers.
 Diabetes – leading cause of
blindness and amputations.
 Heart attack or stroke result in
difficulty with everyday activities.
• Poor diet and nutrition- major
contributory risk factors for ill
health and premature death;
leading cause of disability.
• Food related ill health -
responsible for about 10% of
morbidity and mortality in the
UK.

8.  Replace saturated and trans
fats with unsaturated fats,
including sources of omega-3
fatty acids (Islam et al., 2019)
 Ensure generous consumption
of fruits and vegetables and
adequate folic acid intake
(Hemalatha et al., 2018).
 Consume cereal products in
their whole-grain, high-fiber
form (Willett et al., 2011)
 Limit consumption of sugar
and sugar-based beverages
(Al, 2006)
 Limit excessive caloric intake
from any source (Golbidi et al.,
2017)
 Limit sodium intake (Petit et
al., 2019).

9.  The Scottish government aim at restricting the marketing
and promotion of food high in fat, sugar or salt, and with
little to no health benefit.
 This policy will decreases the availability of unhealthy food
and increases the availability of healthy food in the
society.
 The government are working to reduce inequalities in
nutrition related to health.
 The government passed a bill to reduce/restrict
advertisement and marketing strategies that encourage
shoppers to buy large quantities of unhealthy junk foods.

10.  To conclude I would like to mention a study conducted to
show how dietary factors influence disease risk (NIH’s
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Results
appeared on March 7, 2017, in the Journal of the American
Medical Association). The study established that​ :
The number of cardiometabolic deaths can be linked to eating habits, and
the number is large.​
Second, it shows how recent reductions in those deaths relate to improvements in
diet, and this relationship is strong.​
 We also know that better dietary habits can improve our
health quickly, and we have to educate ourselves and have
to make small changes that add up over time.

11.  Google search engine- google.com
 New study finds poor diet kills more people globally than tobacco and high blood pressure-
http://www.healthdata.org/news-release/new-study-finds-poor-diet-kills-more-people-
globally-tobacco-and-high-blood-pressure
 https://www.cspinet.org/eating-healthy/why-good-nutrition-important
 https://jech.bmj.com/content/59/12/1054
 Al, E. (2006). Disease control priorities in developing countries. Oxford University Press ;
Washington, Dc.
 Golbidi, S., Daiber, A., Korac, B., Li, H., Essop, M. F., & Laher, I. (2017). Health Benefits of
Fasting and Caloric Restriction. Current Diabetes Reports, 17(12), 123.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0951-7
 Hemalatha, R., Toteja, G., & Bhargava, B. (2018). It’s time we turn our attention to quality of
food as well. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 148(5), 469.
https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2233_18
 Islam, Md. A., Amin, M. N., Siddiqui, S. A., Hossain, Md. P., Sultana, F., & Kabir, Md. R. (2019).
Trans fatty acids and lipid profile: A serious risk factor to cardiovascular disease, cancer and
diabetes. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 13(2), 1643–1647.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.033
 Petit, G., Jury, V., Lamballerie, M., Duranton, F., Pottier, L., & Martin, J. (2019). Salt Intake from
Processed Meat Products: Benefits, Risks and Evolving Practices. Comprehensive Reviews in
Food Science and Food Safety, 18(5), 1453–1473. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12478
 Willett, W. C., Koplan, J. P., Nugent, R., Dusenbury, C., Puska, P., & Gaziano, T. A.
(2011). Prevention of Chronic Disease by Means of Diet and Lifestyle Changes. Nih.gov; The
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11795/

12.  Mozaffarian, D., 2021. How dietary factors influence disease
risk. [online] National Institutes of Health (NIH). Available
at: <https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/how-
dietary-factors-influence-disease-risk> [Accessed 27 September 2021].​
 Micha, R., Peñalvo, J., Cudhea, F., Imamura, F., Rehm, C.
and Mozaffarian, D., 2021. Association Between Dietary Factors
and Mortality From Heart Disease, Stroke, and Type 2 Diabetes in
the United States.
 Cena, H., & Calder, P. C. (2020). Defining a healthy diet: Evidence for
the role of contemporary dietary patterns in health and
disease. Nutrients, 12(2), 334. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020334
 Neufeld, L. M., Hendriks, S., & Hugas, M. (2021). http://sc-
fss2021.org/. SC FSS2021. https://sc-fss2021.org/
 Skerrett, P. J., & Willett, W. C. (2010). Essentials of Healthy Eating: A
Guide. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health, 55(6), 492–501.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2010.06.019

13.  www.google.comhttps://www.gov.scot/news
/improving-scotlands-diet/
 http://www.healthscotland.scot/health-
topics/diet-and-healthy-weight/food-and-
diet