The attached powerpoint presentation deals with the Indoor Air Quality Management regarding the subject Air Pollution and Control Engineering - Open Elective for Anna University Affiliated Institutions.

8. Symptoms

9. Symptoms continued…

21. Sick Building Syndrome
• A condition affecting office workers, typically
marked by headaches and respiratory problems,
attributed to unhealthy or stressful factors in the
working environment such as poor ventilation.
• The term Sick Building Syndrome was coined by
WHO in 1986.
• Expression used especially in the context of
workplace health.

22. Sick Building Syndrome
• The sick building syndrome (SBS) is used to
describe a situation in which the occupants of a
building experience acute health- or comfort-related
effects that seem to be linked directly to the time
spent in the building. No specific illness or cause
can be identified. The complainants may be
localized in a particular room or zone or may be
widespread throughout the building.

23. Factors responsible for SBS
• Chemical contaminants
– From indoor sources
– From outdoor sources
• Biological contaminants
• Inadequate ventilation
• Electromagnetic radiation
• Psychological factors
• Poor and inappropriate lighting with absence of sunlight,
bad acoustics, poor ergonomics and humidity may also
contribute to SBS.

24. Building related illness
• Building-related illnesses are disorders that affect
the lungs as well as other parts of the body and are
caused by exposure to substances within modern
airtight buildings. Building-related illnesses are
caused by exposure to substances within
airtight buildings that have poor ventilation.

25. Building related illness
• Building-related illnesses are a group of disorders
whose cause is linked to the environment of modern
airtight, energy-efficient buildings.
• Such buildings are characterized by sealed windows and
dependence on heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
systems for circulation of air.
• Most cases occur in nonindustrial office buildings, but
illnesses can occur in apartment buildings, single-family
homes, schools, museums, and libraries.

26. Building related illness
Building-related illnesses can be
• Specific
• Nonspecific
Specific building-related illnesses
Specific building-related illnesses are those illnesses
for which a link between building-related exposure
and illness is proved.
Nonspecific building-related illnesses
• Nonspecific building-related illnesses are those for
which a link between building-related exposure and
illness is difficult to prove.

27. Specific building related illness
• Legionella infection
• Occupational asthma
• Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
• Inhalation fever

30. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

31. Non-Specific building related illness
• Itchy, irritated, dry, or watery eyes
• Runny nose or nasal congestion
• Throat soreness or tightness
• Dry itchy skin or unexplained rashes
• Headache, lethargy, or difficulty concentrating

33. Difference between SBS and BRI
S.No. Sick Building Syndrome Building Related Illness
1.
The term "sick building
syndrome" (SBS) is used to
describe situations in which
building occupants experience
acute health and comfort
effects that appear to be linked
to time spent in a building, but
no specific illness or cause can
be identified.
The term "building related
illness" (BRI) is used when
symptoms of diagnosable
illness are identified and can be
attributed directly to airborne
building contaminants.
2. SBS BRI

36. Noise pollution

40. Effects of Noise
• Subjective effects
• Behavioural effects
• Physiological effects

41. Sound Level Meter
• A sound level meter is used for acoustic (sound
that travels through air) measurements. It is
commonly a hand-held instrument with a
microphone.

44. • Continuous noise
• Intermittent noise
• Impulsive noise
• Low frequency noise

45. Continuous Noise
• Continuous noise is produced by machinery that
operates without interruption in the same mode,
• For example, blowers, pumps and processing
equipment. Measuring for just a few minutes with
hand-held equipment is sufficient to determine
the noise level.

46. Intermittent Noise
• When machinery operates in cycles, or when
single vehicle or aeroplane pass by, the noise
level increases and decreases rapidly. A single
passing vehicle or aircraft is called an event.

47. Impulsive Noise
• The noise from impacts or explosions, e.g., punch
press or gunshot, is called impulsive noise..

48. Low Frequency Noise
• Low frequency noise has significant acoustic
energy in the frequency range 8 to 100 Hz.
• Noise of this kind is typical for large diesel
engines in trains, ships, and power plants
• The noise is hard to muffle and spreads easily in
all directions, it can be heard for miles.

49. Control of Noise Pollution
• Control at source
• Control in the transmission path
• Control by using protective equipment

50. Control of Noise Pollution

51. Control at Source
• Using less noise machineries
• Process substitution
• Machine substitution
• System design
• Control of noise pollution by design
• Performing routine maintenance
• Other methods

52. Control in the transmission path
• Absorbing the sound along path
• Deflecting the sound in some other direction by
placing a reflecting barrier in its path
• Containing the sound by placing the source inside
the sound insulating box or enclosure.

54. Ear Plugs