The document summarizes key aspects of the open sea or world's oceans. It describes how the ocean is spread among three major basins and divided into vertical zones based on depth. It also outlines some of the abiotic factors like temperature, light and pressure that influence the ocean environment as well as examples of organisms found in different ocean habitats, both near the surface and at depth. Threats to the ocean like pollution, overfishing and human impacts are also briefly mentioned.

1. Open Sea
Chez Nicole Dullano
Alexandria Rabanes

2. The world ocean covers over 360 million km2 of
the earth’s surface and consists of one
continuous, interconnected mass of water.
This water is spread among three major ocean basins:
Pacific
Atlantic
Indian

3. Distinguishing Characteristics:
Salinity
Waves
Tides
Depth
Vastness

4. Benthic Pelagic
Habitats on
These are
the bottom those found
of the on the
ocean, and bottom, regar
other dless of the
aquatic depth.
organisms.

5. Structure
The oceans can be divided
into several vertical and
•Littoral or horizontal zones.
intertidal zone
•Neritic zone
•Oceanic zone

7. The ocean is generally
divided vertically into Bathypelagic
several depth zones Zone
Mesopelagic
Zone
Epipelagic Zone

9. Abyssal Hadal
Zone Zone
This is
It is the
layer from where the
deepest
4,000 to
parts of the
6,000 m.
ocean
belongs.

11. Abiotic Factors
• Temperature
• Light
• Pressure
• Oxygen
• Salinity
• Water movement
• Visibility

13. Phytoplanktons

14. Zooplanktons

15. Nanoplanktons

16. Nekton

17. Benthic organisms

19. Oil spills

20. Chronic pollution

21. Human occupancy and recreational use
of the shores

22. Over fishing

23. Dumping grounds