use for treaining

1. 1.1
, ,
, , ,
:
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, ,
,
,
,
, ,

2. ,
,
, , ,
,

3. (transmission substation)(
300 483
,
Distribution substation

4. , ,
,
, 115 ,
, 2.4 33
,
,
,
,
, ,
, ,
,
,
,
,

5. ,
, ,
,
,
,
, , , ,
,
,

6. .
,
,
1.5
,
80 %
,

7. , ,
, ,
polarity
,
,
,
1 , 2 3
-
, (
,
,
,
,
33KV
,
,

8. ,
,
' ' 33KV
,
,
-
amp ,

9. ,
(bus bar )
,
(Isolator)
2) 3) Pantograph
,
1) –
2) –
3) –

10. (
3 ) Pantograph

11. 1.
2.
3.

12. 4.
5.
----
5)
?
,
-

13. ,
reconnecting , ,
,
,
,
, ACBS
,
1)
2 )
3) SF6
4 )
1 )
2)
1)
2)
3) Hydrolic
1)
2 )
3)

14. ,
5000oK
SF6
SF6 SF6 SF6
SF6
SF6
SF6
1) SF6 245KV ( 220
2 ) SF6 420KV ( 400KV )
3 ) SF6 800KV ( 715KV )

15. SF6
SF6
SF6 SF6
SF6 Puffer SF6
, arcing
SF6
SF6 , ,
,
SF6
vents
, ,
SF6
SF6
,
SF6
,
,
,
6 10

16. CuCr VCB
1960
1960
,
,
switchgear
SF6
SF6
,
SF6 Puffer
VCB
SF6 VCB

17. 6) Relay)
,
,
,
Calibrated
coils
solenoid
, , ,
coils
,
,
, ,
,
polarity

18. ferreed 1ESS memreed ,
racheting ,
,
, ,
solenoid
,
enclosing solenoid
, Solenoid
, ,
' ' ,
100 , 500 , 2
,
, ,
,
,

19. ,
polarized
20
,
polarized
, ,
,
coils,
, PLC )
,
energize de- energize
,
, ,

20. ,
transceivers
,
, 50
----
25 40
,
,
1,200
,
, ,
, , ,
PLCs ) , , ,
microcontroller
Buchholz
Buchholz
Buchholz
Buchholz
inlet ( Buchholz
,

21. ,
de- ,
,
,
, " , " , " ,
, windings
6 ]
,
,
, de-
,
,
spikes
dashpot damped detections
'
thermocouple
, flashover 20,000
,
6
1880
1950 400KV 1100MVA

22. 800KV 1970 1980
, , ,
,
•
•
,
• ,
,
,
,
,
,
,
2 ,
2
,
• 2
,
2 ,

23. •
,
,
,
,
, magnetizing
,
,
,
NpIp
NSIS
400
1 400 ,
400/1A
,
,
, ,
,

24. ,
7 ° C 10 ° , 7
8
, , , ,
cools insulates windings
windings cools
100 50%
50 10 15
,
30%
, shortens
, , ,
,
-
radiators circulates
----------
, ,
63]
Buchholz , de-energize arcing,
50]
,
,
depressurization
69]
Polychlorinated biphenyls
, , , fluorinated
1981 1977 1985
2000
50

25. 1980,
, , windings ,
hexafluoride
500 1000
eliminates superconducting windings,
&
,
,
,
,
&
,
,
,
, ,
&
SF6 110 TGFM ,
400
, ,
, linearly
CT ' '
' ' ,
,
, ZSCT)
,
, inaccuracies

26. molded
,
CT
;
, CTs
200 amps
8)CT(
------
CT , CTs
,
CTs
, ,
1 5 amperes
4000 amperes , 4000:5 CT 5 amperes
CTs
,
, CT
,
(Potential Transformer)
110V
molded

27. , , ,
, 2
energized.
energized
, ,
energized
HV tripping.
–
, ,
8) (Capacitive transformer)
CVT ) ,
, )
VTS

28. CVTs ,
useable
12) capacitor bank)
,
,
, ,
Farads
, ,
,
,
capacitors
9)Power line carrier communication (plcc)
,
PDSL ) , , ,
PLN)
, ,
,

29. ,
,
,
9) Wave trap(
-
,
1000 kHz 40 kHz )
, ,
overvoltages

30. coils
10)Earting
CBJead sheathing armoring .
vë l
,
ckt
, '
earthed
,
,
,
G.S.S. AT
, , ,
earthed
,
earthed

31. stns
reqd ' reqd
surges
reqd X'er
reqd
, '
,
,
x x dimen
x grd.level
'
,
Speciiic

32. reqd ,
ctrl
ammeters , Voltmeters . ckt
X'er
EIIV
,
WDG EHV X'er
EfIV
--
Uninterruptible
,
, uninterruptible

33. ,
outages
, ,
,