Warrantless Searches and seizuresUnder the Fourth Amendments, ev.docx

Warrantless Searches and seizures
Under the Fourth Amendments, every search or seizure by a
government agent must be reasonable. In general, searches and
seizures are unreasonable and invalid unless based on probable
cause and executed pursuant to a warrant. However, certain
kinds of searches and seizures are valid as exceptions to the
probable cause and warrant requirements, including
investigatory stops, investigatory detentions of property,
warrantless arrests, searches incident to a valid arrest, Seizures
of items in plain view, Searches and seizures justified by
exigent circumstances, consensual searches, searches of
vehicles, searches of containers, inventory searches, border
searches, searches at sea, administrative searches, and searches
in which the special needs of law enforcement make probable
cause and warrant requirements impracticable.
Three Essential Components of an arrest warrant or search
warrant: It must be issued by a neutral and detached magistrate.
A showing of probable causes is required. It must be
conforming to the fourth amendment.
To obtain a warrant law official must need acceptable levels of
probable cause to issue a warrant. There are two major types of
warrants, Arrest warrants, and search warrants, but the two
warrants are differing. To obtain an arrest warrant The arresting
officer must have probable causes of a felony being committed
or in the act of committing a felony. Search warrants is a legal
document authorizing law officials to enter and search one’s
premises. To obtain a search warrant the opposing law official
must be searching for evidence to hold against an individual or
individuals.
Search warrants require probable causes for items to be seized
in connections of criminal activity, but must be done in a timely
manner. The location to be searched must hold evidence that the
Law official can use against the defendant for prosecution. If
there is no probable cause in the location to be searched then

evidence prove to have illegal search, it becomes subject to
“exclusionary rule” and cannot be used on defended in court.
An arrest warrant does not have the same requirements; the
arresting officer must simply show probable cause that the
offender has committed the crime by simply asking the
question.
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Assignment" video in the Student Center.
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Assignment 2.2: Justification Report - Part 2
Due Week 5 and worth 150 points
In Part 1 of your Justification Report assignment, you built up
the following sections: Problem Statement, Overview of
Alternatives, Criteria, and Methods. In Part 2, you will revise
Part 1 based on your instructor's suggestions and add to it the
following sections: Evaluation of Alternatives, Findings and
Analysis, and References.
Use the basic outline below to draft your paper. Organize your
responses to each question under the following section
headings:
· Evaluation of Alternatives (for Questions 1-3)
· Findings and Analysis (for Questions 4-5)
· References (for Question 6)
Using the provided template, write Part 2 of a single-spaced
report in which you:

1. Include and revise the sections from Assignment 2.1
(Problem Statement, Overview of Alternatives, Criteria, and
Methods) per instructor suggestions.
2. Research the two (2) alternatives (i.e. possible solutions) that
you've identified in your Part 1 Evaluation of Alternatives
section. Record bibliographic information during research.
a. Example: You might research other organizations that have
attempted similar solutions to the problem you have identified
and explore the results of those experiments.
3. Use what you discover in your research to evaluate each
alternative by each of your five (5) criteria.
a. Example: If your research revealed that four (4) companies
similar to yours increased productivity after allowing their
workers to telework from home three days per week, you might
conclude that one of your suggested alternatives – in this case,
the option to telework from home three days per week –
satisfies one of your criterion of “Productivity” as a high-
potential solution to a problem you’ve identified (of decreased
worker morale and productivity at Doe’s Electronics). However,
additional research might frustrate a recommendation of this
alternative if it is found to fall short of other criteria while a
second alternative fares better. For instance, a telework
alternative might be found to be too costly to implement; too
frustrating for consumers who prefer daily, in-person customer
service; or too divergent from the company’s brand, “Always
there for you!”�
4. Organize the assignment by your criteria. Explain in narrative
form how each of your two (2) alternatives stacks up against
your first criterion. Next, explain how each alternative stacks up
against your second criterion, etc.
a. Example: An abbreviated outline of what this longer section
might look like based on the above example is below (Note:
Only the first two [2] of five [5] required criteria are included
to give you a feel for the structure). Your researched findings,
represented as circled bullets below, should be explained in two
to five (2-5) sentences. Include in-text citations and follow up

with References in APA style):
Evaluation of Alternatives
· Productivity
1.
2. Alternative A: Telework from home three (3) days per week
1. {narrate findings based on research article 1 here}
2. Alternative B: Offer two (2) extra Floating Holidays to each
employee per year
. Cost
.
4. Alternative A: Telework from home three (3) days per week
4. Alternative B: Offer two extra Floating Holidays to each
employee per year
4.
1. Briefly summarize in narrative form the major discoveries
that emerged from the Evaluation of Alternatives section.
1. Include a chart like the ones below to illustrate at a glance:
Figure 1: Alternatives Analyzed by Criteria
Criteria
Telework Option
Floating Holiday Option
Productivity
Very high
Negligible increase
Cost
Very high
Moderate
Company Image
Increased

Negligible increase
Worker Morale
Increased
Negligible increase
Practicality
Moderate
Low
TOTAL Feasibility* of Alternatives based on Criteria?
Moderate to High
Low to Moderate
1.
*Feasability = Capability of an alternative being carried out
with success
1. Include an APA style (6th edition) References page that
documents the two (2) sources (minimum) that you used and
cited in-text in your Evaluation of Alternatives section. You
may use secondary resources, or you may include one primary
source and one secondary source. Remember that both in-text
citations and References must be included (to avoid plagiarism)
whenever you are directly quoting, summarizing, or
paraphrasing researched material.
Your assignment must:
· Be typed, single spaced, using Times New Roman font (size
12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references
must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your
professor for any additional instructions.
· Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment,
your name, the professorâ€™s name, the course title, and the
date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in
the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this
assignment are:
· Support ideas or claims in body paragraphs with clear details,
examples, and explanations.
· Organize ideas logically by using transitional words, phrases,

and sentences.
· Use sentence variety and effective word choice in written
communication.
· Apply writing process strategies to develop formal business
reports and / or proposals.
· Use technology and information resources to research issues
related to selected topics.
· Write clearly and concisely using proper writing mechanics.
Consider the feedback from your professor and / or online tutor
when making your revisions.
Click here to view the grading rubric.
Assignment 2.1: Justification Report – Part 1
Due Week 3 and worth 150 points
In Assignments 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3, you will be building up a
formal, researched justification report (one part at a time) that
culminates in a recommendation to implement a particular
product, service, or program in your place of employment. This
recommended product, service, or program should resolve a
problem that you identify in your workplace and should be
directed to your employer (even if you do not actually plan to
share it with your employer).
Use the basic outline below to draft Assignment 2. Organize
your responses to each question under the following section
headings:
· Problem Statement (for Question 1)
· Overview of Alternatives (for Question 2)
· Criteria (for Question 3)
· Methods (for Question 4)
Using the provided template, write Part 1 of a single-spaced
report in which you:
1. Discuss in detail a problem at work, persuading and
convincing the reader that it needs fixing.
2. Provide a detailed description of two (2) possible solutions

(“alternatives”) that could be implemented to resolve the
problem identified in Question 1.
3. List and detail five (5) criteria that you will use to measure
the worth of each alternative in Question 2. Note: The
alternative that satisfies the most criteria to the highest degree
will be the one you recommend later to your employer (in
Assignment 2.3). Criteria are standards that the audience values
and are therefore used to measure the worth of each alternative
(common examples include cost, desirability, durability,
efficiency, time it will take to implement, and practicality).
4. Describe in detail how you will conduct the research needed
to determine the best alternative to recommend to your
employer. Note: This is a one to two (1-2) paragraph description
of what research needs to be completed in order to evaluate the
alternatives. This is not a detailed procedure for solving the
problem.
Your assignment must:
· Be typed, single spaced, using Times New Roman font (size
12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references
must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your
professor for any additional instructions.
· Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment,
your name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date.
The cover page and the reference page are not included in the
required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this
assignment are:
· Support ideas or claims in body paragraphs with clear details,
examples, and explanations.
· Organize ideas logically by using transitional words, phrases,
and sentences.
· Use sentence variety and effective word choice in written
communication.
· Apply writing process strategies to develop formal business
reports and / or proposals.
· Use technology and information resources to research issues

related to selected topics.
· Write clearly and concisely using proper writing mechanics.
Running head: CLASS PIZZA PARTY 1
CLASS PIZZA PARTY 9
Class Pizza Party Justification Report
(Student Name)
ENG 315 – Professional Communications
(Professor Name)
(Correct Date) August 11, 2014
Dr. Annabelle Karnes
Professor of English
Global University
2222 Academic Lane
Riverton, VA 98625
August 11, 2014
Sophia Bailey
3456 Student Drive
Riverton, VA 98625
Dear Dr. Karnes:
I am pleased to present the report you authorized on June 10,
2014, regarding the feasibility of potential pizza options for the

upcoming class party.
An analysis of both Pop’s Pizza Planet and Scooby’s Pizza
Mansion found that, although both alternatives offered delicious
options, Scooby’s Pizza Mansion better met our chosen criteria
in cost, choices, and delivery time. It is therefore the
recommendation that we utilize Scooby’s Pizza Mansion for our
upcoming class pizza party.
Thank you for allowing me the opportunity to research potential
party choices. I appreciate your consideration of my
recommendation. Should you have any questions regarding this
report, please do not hesitate to contact me at (909) 555-5555.
Sincerely,
Sophia Bailey
Enclosure: Justification Report
Table of Contents
Executive Summary 4
Problem Statement 5
Terminology 5
Report Overview 5
Overview of Alternatives 6
Criteria 6
Research Methods 6
Evaluation of Alternatives 7
Findings and Analysis 7
Recommendation 8

References 9
Executive Summary
This report examines the feasibility of two potential pizzeria
choices for the upcoming class party. Methods of analysis
include calls to each pizzeria as well as Internet research to
evaluate menus, delivery times, review customer satisfaction
ratings, and investigate dietary restrictions. The results of the
data show that both examined pizzerias are quality alternatives
with a range of toppings, delivery options, and acceptable
customer satisfaction ratings.
However the report finds that, while both analyzed alternatives
provide similar products and services, Scooby’s Pizza Mansion
most closely meets the criteria presented in terms of overall
cost effectiveness, topping choices, dietary restrictions, and
delivery options. It is therefore recommended that Alternative
B, Scooby’s Pizza Mansion, be chosen as the vendor for the
class pizza party.
Class Pizza Party
Dr. Karnes’ ENG 315 class is gearing up for a celebratory party.
After a long semester of challenging assignments, Dr. Karnes
feels her students deserve kudos for their hard work. She has
decided that a pizza party would best suit the preferences of her
diverse class.
The Justification Report presents the need to determine a
suitable pizzeria to serve as a vendor for the upcoming class
party. It presents the scope of the problem, presents two
potential vendor choices, and evaluates them utilizing five
criteria to best decide which vendor meets the unique needs of
Dr. Karnes’ class. The report does not consider alternate

cuisines but instead focuses on two local pizzeria alternatives
that have been recommended by members of the faculty.
Internet research was conducted as well as personal interviews,
and a final recommendation is provided.
Problem Statement
ENG 315 has a (wonderful) problem: A pizza party is in order
(after all, ENG 315 students are the BEST students in the
WORLD, and they all LOVE pizza). Unfortunately, the
instructor cannot decide which local vendor to order pizza from.
All of the vendors attempt to tantalize her with the promise of
coupons, unique ingredients, speedy delivery times, “extra”
deals, and more. How is she to choose? Her twenty three
students all have gourmet taste buds, some have unique dietary
needs, and to complicate matters, she has…well, a teacher’s
budget of $45.Terminology
“Pizza-Pizza!” or “BOGO [Buy One Get One]” – a sales
promotion wherein the consumer gets two pizzas for the price of
one.
“Gluten-Free” – a product that does not contain gluten, a
protein composite found in certain foods that spurs an allergic
reaction in some consumers. Report Overview
This report was created to help the indecisive Dr. Karnes choose
the best pizza for a party in her ENG 315 class. Dr. Karnes
tasked this group to investigate two alternatives to determine
the best food recommendation for the party. The two vendors
researched were Alternative A (Pop’s Pizza Planet) and
Alternative B (Scooby’s Pizza Mansion). Dr. Karnes’ criteria by
which to judge the alternatives were as follows: cost, sales
promotions, topping desirability, gluten-free options (since two
class members are allergic to gluten), and delivery time.
Research methods included calls, Internet research (for coupons
and online menus), student surveys (to determine preferences),
and in-person visits to both places of business. An evaluation
of the two alternatives revealed that Alternative B, Scooby’s

Pizza Mansion, should be recommended, since it offered three
advantages that Pop’s Pizza Planet could not: pizzas with a
gluten-free crust, one unique gourmet topping that the class
preferred (ghost peppers), and a “Zoinks! Pizza-Pizza!”
weeknight pizza deal.
Overview of Alternatives
The following two alternatives considered in this report meet
Dr. Karens’ criteria:
Alternative A – Pop’s Pizza Planet: Located on the corner of
Saturn Drive and Mars Avenue, Pop’s Pizza Planet is a new
establishment gaining a reputation for gourmet pizzas with
clever names like “Pop’s Plutonian Pepperoni” and “Meatball
Meteor Shower.” Pop’s Pizza Planet features brick-oven pizzas
that can be delivered in 45 minutes or less. Gourmet pizza
toppings include Venus’s Vidalia Onions and Supermassive
Black Hole Olives.
Alternative B – Scooby’s Pizza Mansion: Located on the corner
of Mystery Avenue and Meddling Kid Blvd, Scooby’s Pizza
Mansion is a 14-year old restaurant that boasts fiendishly
delightful unusual gourmet toppings, a local favorite being the
cheese-fried ghost peppers. Pizza is delivered in a “Mystery
Machine” in 25 minutes or less. Kids get a complimentary
gluten- and nut-free “Scooby Snack” with meals. Finally, a
“Zoinks! Pizza-Pizza” BOGO deal is offered Monday through
Thursday (no coupon needed).
Criteria
Dr. Karnes stressed that following five criteria would be used to
judge the feasibility of each alternative:
1. Cost – How much will the pizzas cost? Dr. Karnes said she
did not wish to spend more than $45 for two large, two-topping
pizzas for the class (consisting of 23 students).

2. Sales promotions – What good ones (if any) are running? Dr.
Karnes mentioned that she would privilege an alternative with a
coupon or promotion running.
3. Topping desirability – What types of gourmet toppings are
offered? Dr. Karnes noted that her students all loved unique
gourmet toppings.
4. Gluten-free options – Are there any gluten-free offerings?
Since two class members are allergic to gluten, Dr. Karnes
mentioned that she would prefer an alternative with a gluten-
free crust option.
5. Delivery time - How long will it take to deliver the pizzas to
the classroom? Dr. Karnes mentioned that she would prefer
options with shorter delivery time so that the class could eat
early and enjoy the food prior to the lesson. Research Methods
Research methods included calls to each alternative to
determine the promotions running and approximate delivery
time quoted for pizzas to Dr. Karnes’ location. The Internet
websites of both alternatives were consulted in an effort to view
the PDF menus (see Appendices A and B) and locate any
possible electronic promotions or coupons advertised. Other
websites featuring customer reviews of the two alternatives
were also consulted to find secondary references. The students
in the class were surveyed, as well, to determine their favorite
gourmet toppings, and in-person visits to both places of
business were conducted to test pizza samples and inquire about
any “hidden” promotions that might be running. Evaluation of
Alternatives
Cost
1. Alternative A – charged $45 for two, extra large two-topping
pizzas with gourmet ingredients (cut into 24 squares). Coupons
were offered that offered a negligible difference in price ($2
off).
2. Alternative B – normally charged $22 for an individual, extra

large pizza (cut into 24 squares) with two-toppings and $44 for
two, party-sized pizzas with “everything but the Mansion
kitchen sink.” Monday through Thursday, Alternative B offers
greater cost savings through a BOGO deal ($22 for two,
gourmet two-topper pizzas). Dr. Karnes’ class could take
advantage of this deal.
Sales Promotions
1. Alternative A - offered $2 off per order placed prior to 7:00
pm. Manager said he would throw in a 2-Liter of a beverage if
we ordered three pizzas. However, Dr. Karnes clarified that a
third pizza was not needed.
2. Alternative B – offered a “Zoinks! Pizza-Pizza!” BOGO deal
between 6:00 pm and 7:00 pm Monday through Thursday. It
was verified that this alternative would include the addition of
ghost peppers.
Topping Desirability
1. Alternative A – offered gourmet toppings that only 10% of
Dr. Karnes’ class ranked #1. Pop’s Pizza Planet did offer two
choices ranked #3 and #4, however: Venus Vidalia Onions and
Saturn Starfruit.
2. Alternative B – offered one gourmet topping that 85% of
classmates ranked as their #1 preference (see Appendix C):
ghost peppers. This alternative also offered a second gourmet
topping that students consistently preferred: Freddy’s Fontina
Cheese.
Gluten-free Options
1. Alternative A – provided no gluten-free options.
2. Alternative B – provided a gluten-free, rice-flour crust option
for extra-large pizzas at no additional cost. Internet reviews
indicated that this crust was sensational (“Customer Reviews:
Scooby’s Pizza Mansion,” 2014).
Delivery Time

1. Alternative A – delivery time promised was 45 minutes or
less. Reviews on the Internet indicated that delivery time was
often slower than that, resulting in “a pizza that was Pluto cold
rather than Mars hot” (“Customer Reviews: Pop’s Pizza Planet,”
2014, para. 5).
2. Alternative B – delivery time promised was 25 minutes.
Internet reviews confirmed that time: “How the Mystery
Machine makes that time is the true mystery” (“Customer
Reviews: Scooby’s Pizza Mansion,” 2014, para. 3).Findings and
Analysis
While both Alternatives A and B offered desirable gourmet
toppings and discounts that appealed to Dr. Karnes and her
class, Alternative B offered much deeper discounts (1/2 off
after the BOGO deal) (Deals, n.d.).
Additionally, Alternative B charmed with the #1 ranked
ingredient, ghost peppers (Pizza, n.d.) that students indicated a
preference for on the surveys they completed. The preference
for hot, spicy foods is a growing trend in North America, and it
might be considered that “eating hot peppers is now more a sign
of culinary enlightenment than masochism” (Gulli, 2014, para.
9). The students’ tastes would appear to reflect that preference.
Another issue that had to be considered is the presence of gluten
in the pizza. Alternative A did not offer gluten-free choices, a
potential health issue for two of Dr. Karnes’ twenty-three
students. Although studies by Lee, Ng, Dave, Ciaccio, and
Green (2009) indicate that diets free from gluten can contain
dietary deficiencies, the gluten-free diet is still the acceptable
method of relieving symptoms of celiac disease. Therefore, the
gluten-free pizza is necessary for those students suffering from
the disease.
Delivery time is another criterion to be considered. Alternative
B’s delivery time was practically half that of Alternative A
(personal communications, Aug. 10, 2014). Consequently,

Alternative B seemed a wiser choice when it came to pizzas
arriving hot to class.
Although it is still not understood “how people differ from one
another in terms of taste, and how these differences shape what
we like to eat” (Eisenstein, 2010, S18), it appears that
Alternative B will satisfy most students’ tastes.
For a graphic depiction of the findings and analysis, see Figure
1 below:
Criterion
Alternative A (Pop’s PP)
Alternative B (Scooby’s PM)
Cost
More expensive
Cheaper
Promotions
Negligible
Good
Topping Desirability
Moderate
High
Gluten-Free Options
None
Good on all pizzas
Delivery Time
Slow
Speedy
Total Feasibility
Low-Moderate
High
Figure 1: Graphic Analysis of FindingsRecommendation
It is recommended that Dr. Karnes’ class order two extra-large,
two-topping pizzas with ghost peppers, gluten-free crust, and

Freddy’s Fontina Cheese from Scooby’s Pizza Mansion between
the hours of 6:00 and 7:00 pm during their Thursday evening
class. The pizzas should cost no more than $22 before tax, as
the “Zoinks! Pizza-Pizza!” BOGO deal will be going on during
this time (no coupon is needed).
References
Customer Reviews: Pop’s Pizza Planet. (2014). Retrieved from
http://www.pizzareview.com
Customer Reviews: Scooby’s Pizza Mansion. (2014). Retrieved
from http://www.pizzareview.com
Deals. (n.d.). Retrieved August11, 2014, from
https://order.pizzahut.com/site/menu/deals
Eisenstein, M. (2010). Taste: More than meets the
mouth. Nature, 468(7327), S18-S19. doi:10.1038/468S18a
Gulli, C. (2014). A burning sensation. Maclean's, 127(1), 44-45.
Retrieved from Academic Search Complete.
Lee, A. R., Ng, D. L., Dave, E. E., Ciaccio, E. J., & Green, P.
R. (2009). The effect of substituting alternative grains in the
diet on the nutritional profile of the gluten-free diet. Journal of
Human Nutrition & Dietetics, 22(4), 359-363.
doi:10.1111/j.1365-277X.2009.00970.x
Pizza. (n.d.). Retrieved August11, 2014, from
https://order.pizzahut.com/site/menu/pizza
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Name: ENG315 Week 7 Assignment 2.3: Justification Report –
Part 3 (Final)
Description: ENG315 Week 7 Assignment 2.3: Justification

Report – Part 3 (Final)
· Grid View
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Unacceptable Below 60% F
Meets Minimum Expectations 60-69% D
Fair 70-79% C
Proficient 80-89% B
Exemplary 90-100% A
ENG315-A4-1
1a. Create the Preliminary Parts of the report that precede the
Introduction (after reading Chapter 11 in your textbook), which
includes the Title Page.
Points Range:0 (0%) - 5.39 (3%)
Did not submit or incompletely created the Preliminary Parts of
the report that precede the Introduction (after reading Chapter
11 in your textbook), which includes the Title Page.
Points Range:5.4 (3%) - 6.29 (3.5%)
Insufficiently created the Preliminary Parts of the report that
precede the Introduction (after reading Chapter 11 in your
textbook), which includes the Title Page.
Points Range:6.3 (3.5%) - 7.19 (4%)
Partially created the Preliminary Parts of the report that precede
the Introduction (after reading Chapter 11 in your textbook),
which includes the Title Page.
Points Range:7.2 (4%) - 8.09 (4.5%)
Satisfactorily created the Preliminary Parts of the report that
Points Range:8.1 (4.5%) - 9 (5%)
Thoroughly created the Preliminary Parts of the report that
ENG315-A4-2
1b. Create the Preliminary Parts of the report that precede the

Introduction (after reading Chapter 11 in your Professional
Communications textbook), which includes the Transmittal.
Points Range:0 (0%) - 10.78 (5.99%)
11 in your Professional Communications textbook), which
includes the Transmittal.
Points Range:10.8 (6%) - 12.58(6.99%)
Professional Communications textbook), which includes the
Transmittal.
Points Range:12.6 (7%) - 14.38(7.99%)
the Introduction (after reading Chapter 11 in your Professional
Communications textbook), which includes the Transmittal.
Points Range:14.4 (8%) - 16.18(8.99%)
Transmittal.
Points Range:16.2 (9%) - 18 (10%)
Transmittal.
ENG315-A4-3
1c. Create the Preliminary Parts of the report that precede the
Communications textbook), which includes the Table of
Contents.
Points Range:0 (0%) - 5.39 (3%)
includes the Table of Contents.

Points Range:5.4 (3%) - 6.29 (3.5%)
Table of Contents.
Points Range:6.3 (3.5%) - 7.19 (4%)
Communications textbook), which includes the Table of
Contents.
Points Range:7.2 (4%) - 8.09 (4.5%)
Table of Contents.
Points Range:8.1 (4.5%) - 9 (5%)
Table of Contents.
ENG315-A4-4
1d. Create the Preliminary Parts of the report that precede the
Communications textbook), which includes the Executive
Summary.
Points Range:0 (0%) - 5.39 (3%)
includes the Executive Summary.
Points Range:5.4 (3%) - 6.29 (3.5%)
Executive Summary.
Points Range:6.3 (3.5%) - 7.19 (4%)

Communications textbook), which includes the Executive
Summary.
Points Range:7.2 (4%) - 8.09 (4.5%)
Executive Summary.
Points Range:8.1 (4.5%) - 9 (5%)
Executive Summary.
ENG315-A4-5
2a/b/c. Create an introduction that tells what your report is
about, including the revised Problem Statement from Part 1 and
terms that readers need to know to understand the report.
Points Range:0 (0%) - 10.76 (5.98%)
Did not submit or incompletely created an introduction that tells
what your report is about, including the revised Problem
Statement from Part 1 and terms that readers need to know to
understand the report.
Points Range:10.8 (6%) - 12.56(6.98%)
Insufficiently created an introduction that tells what your report
is about, including the revised Problem Statement from Part 1
and terms that readers need to know to understand the report.
Points Range:12.6 (7%) - 14.36(7.98%)
Partially created an introduction that tells what your report is
Points Range:14.4 (8%) - 16.16(8.98%)
Satisfactorily created an introduction that tells what your report
is about, including the revised Problem Statement from Part 1
and terms that readers need to know to understand the report.
Points Range:16.2 (9%) - 18 (10%)

Thoroughly created an introduction that tells what your report is
ENG315-A4-6
2d. Create an introduction that tells what your report is about,
briefly summarizing the major sections of the report developing
in Parts 1 and 2.
Points Range:0 (0%) - 10.76 (5.98%)
what your report is about, briefly summarizing the major
sections of the report developing in Parts 1 and 2.
Points Range:10.8 (6%) - 12.56(6.98%)
is about, briefly summarizing the major sections of the report
developing in Parts 1 and 2.
Points Range:12.6 (7%) - 14.36(7.98%)
about, briefly summarizing the major sections of the report
Points Range:14.4 (8%) - 16.16(8.98%)
is about, briefly summarizing the major sections of the report
Points Range:16.2 (9%) - 18 (10%)
about, briefly summarizing the major sections of the report
ENG315-A4-7
2e. Create an introduction that tells what your report is about
discussing what your report will cover and what it will not.
Points Range:0 (0%) - 10.76 (5.98%)
what your report is about discussing what your report will cover
and what it will not.
Points Range:10.8 (6%) - 12.56(6.98%)

is about discussing what your report will cover and what it will
not.
Points Range:12.6 (7%) - 14.36(7.98%)
about discussing what your report will cover and what it will
not.
Points Range:14.4 (8%) - 16.16(8.98%)
is about discussing what your report will cover and what it will
not.
Points Range:16.2 (9%) - 18 (10%)
about discussing what your report will cover and what it will
not.
ENG315-A4-8
3. Create the Recommendation section of the Report. Provide a
one to two (1-2) sentence recommendation based on what your
Evaluation of Alternatives and Findings and Analysis sections
have determined is the most feasible alternative (i.e., solution)
to the problem in the Problem Statement.
Points Range:0 (0%) - 10.76 (5.98%)
Did not submit or incompletely created the Recommendation
section of the Report. Did not submit or incompletely provided
a one to two (1-2) sentence recommendation based on what your
Evaluation of Alternatives and Findings and Analysis sections
have determined is the most feasible alternative (i.e., solution)
to the problem in the Problem Statement.
Points Range:10.8 (6%) - 12.56(6.98%)
Insufficiently created the Recommendation section of the
Report. Insufficiently provided a one to two (1-2) sentence
recommendation based on what your Evaluation of Alternatives
and Findings and Analysis sections have determined is the most
feasible alternative (i.e., solution) to the problem in the
Problem Statement.
Points Range:12.6 (7%) - 14.36(7.98%)
Partially created the Recommendation section of the Report.

Partially provided a one to two (1-2) sentence recommendation
based on what your Evaluation of Alternatives and Findings and
Analysis sections have determined is the most feasible
alternative (i.e., solution) to the problem in the Problem
Statement.
Points Range:14.4 (8%) - 16.16(8.98%)
Satisfactorily created the Recommendation section of the
Report. Satisfactorily provided a one to two (1-2) sentence
Problem Statement.
Points Range:16.2 (9%) - 18 (10%)
Thoroughly created the Recommendation section of the Report.
Thoroughly provided a one to two (1-2) sentence
Problem Statement.
ENG315-A4-9
4. Create the References section, which goes at the end of the
Report by pasting in your revised References page.
Points Range:0 (0%) - 5.39 (3%)
Did not submit or incompletely created the References section,
which goes at the end of the Report by pasting in your revised
References page.
Points Range:5.4 (3%) - 6.29 (3.5%)
Insufficiently created the References section, which goes at the
end of the Report by pasting in your revised References page.
Points Range:6.3 (3.5%) - 7.19 (4%)
Partially created the References section, which goes at the end
of the Report by pasting in your revised References page.
Points Range:7.2 (4%) - 8.09 (4.5%)
Satisfactorily created the References section, which goes at the
Points Range:8.1 (4.5%) - 9 (5%)

Thoroughly created the References section, which goes at the
ENG315-A4-10
5. Clarity, writing mechanics, and formatting requirements.
Points Range:0 (0%) - 32.29(17.94%)
More than 8 errors present.
Points Range:32.4 (18%) - 37.69(20.94%)
7-8 errors present.
Points Range:37.8 (21%) - 43.09(23.94%)
5-6 errors present.
Points Range:43.2 (24%) - 48.49(26.94%)
3-4 errors present.
Points Range:48.6 (27%) - 54 (30%)
0-2 errors present.
Name:ENG315 Week 7 Assignment 2.3: Justification Report –
Part 3 (Final)
Description:ENG315 Week 7 Assignment 2.3: Justification
Report – Part 3 (Final)
Bottom of Form
Exit
Exit
Running head: Assignment 2.2: Justification Report – Part 2 1
Justification Report - Part 2 2
Assignment 2.2: Justification Report - Part 2

Angel Menendez
ENG 315
Executive summary
This report is created to discusses the implementation of
disciplinary policies and actions at Angel Dreamer’s Catering.
These disciplinary procedures will be done through a proactive
method, a quick reaction, and incorporating the rules in the
current environment. The possibility of introducing two
disciplinary write-up forms. One being a Verbal Warning
documented when an employee has issued an oral notice of
noncompliance. When second notified being in a Write Up
form; this is to be filed after numerous failed attempts to issue
the verbally warning. Angel Dreamer’s Catering is hoping as a
result of these changes there will be some variations in this
company's ability in providing reliable, efficient work, and the
same workplace environment.
Introduction
Angel Dreamer’s Catering is catering and hoteling organization.
The company’s policy regarding kitchen etiquette, behavior,
social, hygiene and several other work related issues are always
resolved through penalized actions. Although everything is
mentioned on pages 20-22 of the employee handbook, however,
managers of the company have no concrete rules and regulations
to address these issues. Our action plan begins with verbal
counseling as it is the most efficient method. However, business
documentation is the most important factor to include in the
scheme. The objective of the current report is to prepare a
guideline and efficient plan for managers of the company to
deal with issues regarding the catering, employee’s behavior at
the workplace, social, hygiene and performance of employees.
With the new hiring, it is compulsory for managers to update
the plan with changing requirements and to keep it useful.
Problem Statement

Currently, Angel Dreamer's Catering is suffering from staff
disciplinary issues on workplace and management of the
company has no particular plan to deal with disciplinary issues.
With the growth of the enterprise, the numbers of company's
employees are also increasing. With the increasing number of
staff, personal responsibility and following the company's
policies have emerged as two major issues for company's
management. To be able to resolve these matters in an efficient
manner, a company should identify the problems, define them
accurately, and a comprehensive detail should be provided to
policy makers to make a policy under Virginia Department of
Agriculture and Consumers Services regulations.
Implementation of these policies can result in resolution of
concerning issues.
Overview of Alternatives
To ensure that all practices going on within the organization are
merit based and fair as well, it is needed to take three kinds of
actions.
· A proactive method
· Quick Reaction
· Incorporation of rules in company’s environment
Documentation will be address on the individual level, and it
will be attached personal files of employees. These processes
will be incorporated into the progressively disciplined plan of a
company. If the scheme is approved by the top management of
the enterprise, then it will be included in employee's handbook,
and it would be a helpful tool to employees the follow the
company policies.
I. Proactive Method:
During the hiring procedure, developing an instructional class is

the objective of the dynamic approach. It will provide a
summarized but comprehensive guideline that how they have to
perform and what their company is expecting from them. Apart
from this, it will also include a list of punishments if any policy
or set of discipline is violated by any employee or staff
member.
II. Quick Reaction:
This procedure involves all those actions and policies which
deal with the treatment of employees if they don’t follow the
organizational rules and policies. These measures could be the
verbal warning to employees, temporary termination from the
job, transferring to another department, salary deduction or
writing to the top management. A particular form will be
provided to employees if they observe that their coworker is
violating the organizational policy, and they can directly report
him/her through writing to top management.
III. Incorporating the policies in a corporate environment:
By integrating the new policies and procedures in the workplace
of an organization, it is compulsory to train the employees. The
older employees of the organization are not supposed to be
aware of new policies. In Hence, it is needed to conduct the
training programs for both new and old employees to increase
their understanding level about new organizational systems. It
can be done through carrying out a corporate training seminar
for both new hires and former employees.
After the completion of training period, employees will be
interviewed to test the level of understanding about new
policies. Employees will be asked to sign an acknowledgment
form to ensure that they have taken the training properly, and
now they are well-aware about new organizational systems. The
managers of the organization will also put in training so that
they can understand new systems and can cooperate with

employees to build new corporate culture. Apart from these,
setting the policies to implement the new plan is also important
so that employee's rights could be secured and not violated. The
employees' interest is imperative to the organization and in the
implementation of new policies; employee's interest will be
preferred in all cases.
Criteria
Regarding the application of new procedures, following five
points’ criteria is supposed to use by managers for teaching the
new plans to employees.
· Through disciplining the lower staff members and
subordinates, the managers should create a sense of personal
responsibility which is the primary goal of this project. The
performance criteria and expectations from employees should be
clear to them, and they should be aware what exactly their roles
within the organization are. The only way through which
managers can measure the performance of employees is to set
the expectation levels from employees.
· Managers should implement the mentioned three procedures
before the rise of any problem within the organization.
Managers should identify the problems at the initial level,
define them, interpret them and resolving them on the very
initial level. Apart from this, making the employees disciplined
and accountable is also the responsibility of the manager. If an
employee caused a problem, then he should be asked to resolve
the problem on an individual level in a positive manner.
· To have success, the problems of employees should be
addressed properly. It is compulsory for managers to understand
and resolve the worker's issues if they want the employees to
meet the expectations of employees. Consistently dealing with
employees, making the social contacts with them and enhancing
the open communication within the organization will help the

employees to be stress-free and working freely within the
organization.
· Before taking the disciplinary action against the employees,
he/she should be informed to correct his/her issues. The
manager should provide the progress report to a particular
employee to let him/her know about the problem and ask
him/her to correct it. Feedback and follow-up are compulsory
for the success of managers as well as to keep the relation
between managers and employees.
· Performance appraisals are mandatory for the accountability
of employees. Follow up meetings and coaching sessions could
be conducted for the responsibility of employees.
Methods
There are several procedures to implement the mentioned three
procedures, accountability of employees, and staying consistent
with them. The management is liable to obey all human rights,
and worker rights act for the perfect implementation of
employees. The company can also take the help of their legal
advisor for the final approval of the plan. A review by the legal
counsel will avoid any future problem regarding the
implementation of three procedures mentioned earlier. Finally,
taking the disciplinary actions by subordinates will ensure the
implementation of employees.
Training
1. Alternative A – Focuses on making sure all staff knows what
happens if there is a deviation of policies. A knowledge of
what the discipline holds beforehand will help prevent the
punishment.
2. Alternative B – Requires employees to go through training to
learn all policies and how to avoid breaking rules. Makes it a

priority for managers to provide employees consistently with
reminders of what rules there are and how to avoid breaking
them.
Awareness
1. Alternative A - A warning must be provided, and employees
should be disciplined for violations only if they had noticed
before that particular behavior being violated.
2. Alternative B – Company policy or rule are consistently
reviewed and upgraded. Training is required for all employees
as well as managers. Employees go through verbal as well as
written warning before serious action taken place.
Consistency
1. Alternative A – Consistency in discipline must be
implemented. A hot stove doesn't give you a pass every at all
for what has been done. For training to be as effective, the
punishment must be applied the equally distribute across the
board mo exception. If the company is tolerant with discipline,
then it should use consistently with all employees in the same
situation. The harshness of punishment should be consistent as
well. If one employee is terminated for being late three times
without good cause, then all other employees should receive the
same action.
2. Alternative B – infractions must be addressed at all time to
maintain success. For an employee to understand and meet the
needs of the company, managers are consistent in handling
employee issues. Always dealing with employee issues allows
them to function in their job stress-free because they become
aware of the process.
Follow-up
1. Alternative A – Mangers must be encouraged to do an initial
follow up with employees.
2. Alternative B – Mangers are required to do frequent follow-
ups with staff who received any form of discipline and provided
them with reminders of the rules.
Reeducation
1. Alternative A – This method does not promote any re-

education training or classes for employees who have made
infractions. It bases its re-education off of you learning your
lesson from being burnt once.
2. Alternative B – This method puts re-education in the form
and makes it a requirement for employees who have been
disciplined.
Findings and Analysis
Both suggestions are great options when researching
disciplinary actions for your company. Both options make it a
priority to educate all employees, make disciplinary actions are
kept consistent throughout the process. Alteration A focuses
on making their process easy to understand by using a hot stove
as a breakdown. This will be best expressed in The Rookie
Manager: A Guide to Surviving Your First Year in Management
by Straub, Joseph T.
"Provide warning. (A hot stove sizzles before it burns.), Act
promptly. (A hot oven doesn't wait to respond.),
be consistent. (A hot stove always burns.),
Make the penalty fit the offense. (A hot stove burns by degrees.
), be impartial. (A hot stove burns everyone.), Make no apology.
(A hot oven doesn't say "I'm sorry."), Behave unemotionally. (A
hot oven doesn't get upset or lose control) (2000, p.126).
Alternative B has a more compassionate approach and provides
many chances for an employee to learn from the discipline. Oral
reprimand, Written Warning, Final written warning,
Termination review, and Termination are the five stages that are
required in Progressive discipline. Clarity is also stressed as an
important factor to make employees aware of all the rules.
Alternative A emphasizes that "Employees must understand that
their behavior violates company rules. Employment law differs
from civil law in that employees can use "ignorance of the law"
as a defense. In other words, if they didn't understand the
consequences of their actions, they may be off the hook—and
you could be on it!" (HR Specialist, 2015).

Figure 1 below provides a breakdown of how Alternative A & B
perform in each area:
Criteria
Alternative A (Hot Stove Rule)
Alternative B (Progressive Discipline)
Training
Encouraged
Required
Awareness
High Importance
High Importance
Consistency
High Importance
High Importance
Follow-up
None
Required
Reeducation
None
Highly Encouraged
Total Effectiveness
Moderate
High

Figure 1: Graphic Analysis of Findings
Recommendation
It is recommended That Angel Dreamer’s Catering takes the
practices of training managers and employees from Progressive
Discipline (Oral reprimand, Written Warning, Final written
warning, Termination review, Termination), and Implements
them into our practices. I also feel that we should take some of
the cut and dry Practices of the “Hot Stove” rule. However, the
use and integrating of this practice must be reviewed and
decided on by the board.
References
Four principles for creating a progressive discipline system that
works. (2015). HR Specialist: Pennsylvania Employment Law,
10(2), 4.
Berryman-Fink, C., & Fink, C. B. (1996). Disciplining
Employees. In, Manager's Desk Reference (pp. 81-88).
American Management Association International.
Straub, J. T. (2000). The Rookie Manager: A Guide to Surviving
Your First Year in Management. New York, N.Y.: AMACOM.

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