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U.S. History Research Project
- 1. JAPANESE INTERNMENT CAMPS BY: CATHERINE MCKAY
- 2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES • Historical Question: What were the objectives and conditions of the World War II Japanese Internment camps with in the United States? • Learning Objectives: • What were the government’s objectives for the camps? • What were the living conditions like for the Japanese in the camps? • Locations: California, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado, and Arkansas
- 4. GOVERNMENT OBJECTIVES • Rumors after Pearl Harbor • Eliminate Japanese competition • Fear of spies • First generation- Issei • Second generation- Nisei or Sansei • Politicians gain popularity • Keep Japanese away from http://www.sacbee.com/2012/02/17/4272434/unknown- japanese-internment-people.html Military Area
- 5. CONDITIONS OF CAMPS • Families put in different camps • Bring few possessions • Communal areas • Simple frames, no plumbing or cooking facilities http://questgarden.com/64/19 • No coals, few blankets /3/080417100246/process.htm • Families of four or up to ten people in one room • “cots and oil burning stoves for heat” • Used latrines • Makeshift classrooms • Gangs- Black Dragon Society, White Terror and Blood Brothers http://history.howstuffworks.com/world-war-ii/japanese- internment-camp2.htm
- 6. Conditions of first three Internment Camps
- 7. MANZANAR, CALIFORNIA • Opened March 21, 1942 • Closed November 21, 1945 • Population: 10,046 • Located in Death Valley • Japanese volunteered to help finish build the camp • Farmers tended orchards and built an irrigation system • “The doctors, nurses, and dentists imprisoned in the camps staffed small hospitals.” • Churches, post offices, fire departments, newspapers, http://www.ww2incolor.com/homefront/japanese-american- camp banks and camp stores internment-camps.jpg.html • Three men shot
- 8. POSTON, ARIZONA • Opened May 8, 1942 • Closed November 28, 1945 • Population: 17,814 • August temperatures 130 degrees Fahrenheit, • Sand storms would last for several days • Two soldiers denied http://www.raven1.net/mcf/images/poston.jpg beating a third man caused a strike.
- 9. TULE LAKE, CALIFORNIA • Opened May 27, 1942 • Closed March 20, 1946 • Population: 18,789 • Located in Northern California http://www.momomedia.com/CLPEF/camps/tule.html • Mountains, no trees • Minus 25 degrees Fahrenheit • Violent riot- November 1942 • Resembled a prison • High barbed wire surroundings http://www.colostate.edu/orgs/TuleLake/fence.jpg
- 10. GEORGE TAKEI • An American actor • Best known for role in Star Trek. • Lived in Rohwer and Tule Lake • Camp life became normal • Tule Lake, in his opinion, harsher than Rohwer.
- 11. RETURNING HOME • Left the camps after WWII ended • Happy to return home • Properties destroyed • Two years later Japanese American Evacuation Claims Act of 1948 • 1988- Congress passed House Resolution 442 • People too old to start a new life • Emotional and psychological damage
- 12. WORKS CITED Cooper, Michael L. Fighting for Honor: Japanese Americans and World War II. New York: Clarion, 2000. Print. "George Takei." Archive of American Television. 27 Oct. 2004. Web. 09 May 2012. "Japanese- American Relocation." Houghton Mifflin. Web. 22 Apr. 2012. "Japanese Relocation Centers." Infoplease. Web. 22 Apr. 2012 "Rohwer Internment Camp." In Their Words. 2010. Web. 9 May 2012. "World War Two - Japanese Internment Camps in the USA." History on the Net. Nov. 2000. Web. 22 Apr. 2012.