Social mobility refers to changes in social position or status within a society. There are two types of social systems - open systems that emphasize competition and allow social mobility based on individual success, and closed systems that limit social mobility. The passage discusses different types of social mobility, including horizontal, vertical, intergenerational, and intragenerational mobility. It also examines factors that influence occupational mobility in the US, such as education, race/ethnicity, and gender. While education once guaranteed jobs, degrees are now more common. Mobility is also more limited for African Americans and Hispanics compared to other groups. Women also face more restrictions in career opportunities than men.

1. sociology answer 1 week 4
Hello all what I need is to read this Discussion from one of may classmates, give an answer
and appreciation of what you think about it, at least one question between words, just 5 to 6
lines. thank you Martina Therese Villar RE: Discussion Prompt 1COLLAPSESocial mobility
happens often within the United States. Social mobility refers to a person or a group of
people transitioning from one system of society to another. To determine the social mobility
of a society, sociologists use the concept of an open and closed system. An open system is
when an individual holds a certain position because he/her received it through their own
success. This kind of system emphasizes competition with people of the society. A closed
system is a system which allows limited or no social mobility for an individual. Within these
systems, there is also various kinds of mobility. Horizontal mobility is when an individual
transitions from one social position to another of the same rank. On the other hand, vertical
mobility is when an individual goes from one social position to another of a different rank.
Intergenerational mobility is when changes of a child or children’s social position is
similar to the parents. Similarly, intragenerational mobility are when changes of a
person’s social position happens in adult life. In the United States, occupational mobility
occurs quite often. Occupational mobility refers to changes in a individual’s occupational
status. One factor that impacts this specific mobility is education. The influence of education
on employment has decreased within the years. Obtaining a degree, whether it be a
Bachelors or Masters degree, doesn’t give a person a guarantee since many people hold
the same degree or level of education nowdays. Furthermore, another factor that impacts
mobility is race/ethnicity. Sociologists have studied that, “the class system is more rigid
for African Americans than it is for members of other racial groups.― (Schaefer, p.185).
African American rates for intergenerational social mobility has decreased, as they are more
likely to stay at the bottom or in the middle of a system. This also applies to Hispanics as
well, “The Latino wealth and asset picture is bleaker and more resembles that of African
Americans.― (Schaefer, p.185). Lastly, another factor that influences occupational
mobility is gender. Today, women are much more limited to job opportunities than men.
While in contrast, women have more clerical occupations available to them. There are many
other different things that contrast the differences between men and women.In regards to
my own social mobility, I think all these factors could potentially affect me. Even if I do
obtain my Bachelors and Masters degree In the future, it doesn’t give me the same
advantage or guarantee of receiving a job as much as it did before. Likewise, being an Asian
American, some people in society today could look at my ethnicity and degrade me for it. At

2. the same time, being a woman could also potentially and/or limit me to the opportunities of
a man. References:Schaefer, R. (2015). Sociology: A brief introduction (11th ed.). New York:
McGraw-Hill.