Four stories of communities that have come come together to save their waters

1. BUDDHI SCOOL
JAKKUR LAKE
ROHAN’s house
rainbow drive
CLASSIC ORCHIDS
water worksthe bengaluru story
LOCATION
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akratvathi
source
krs reservoir
on cauvery
proposed pipeline
from wtp
proposed pipeline
inside city
kabini reservoir
Water sources
1890 - 1900 1896 - Hessargatta Water supply
and sanitation - Untreated water
1900 - 1930 Hessargatta - Combined jewel
filters
1930 - 1940 Thippagondanahalli Arkavathi
WSS - 27 Million litres per day
1950 - 1960 1952 - Thippagondanahalli
Arkavathi - 45 Million litres per
1960 - 1970 1964 - Thippagondanahalli -
135 Million litres per day
1970 - 1980 1974 - CWSS Stage I - 135 Milli
on litres per day
1980 - 1990
1990 - 2000 1993 - Council of Water supply and sanitation
Stage III - 270 Million litres per day
1982 - Council of Water supply and sanitation
Stage II - 135 Million litres per day
2000 - 2010 2002 - Council of Water supply and sanitation
Stage IV phase I - 270 million litres per day
CHRONOLOGY OF WATER
re-imagine the
situation of
water?
Arkavathy
Cauvery
Stage I Stage II Stage III Stage IV
149 MLD
60 MLD
135 MLD 135 MLD 300 MLD 270 MLD
135 MLD 135 MLD 270 MLD 270 MLD
Present water supply
Installed Capacity
Present Supply
Service Area
Population as on 2008
Present Demand
Present Supply
Per capita supply
Water allocation
Already utility
Complete utilisation
: 800.29 Sq.Km
:7.5 Million
:1125 MLD
:900 MLD
:110 to 120 litres
:19 TMC
:12 TMC
:2012-2013
Bangalore is located to the South of India at an
average elevation of 900m above sea level, it is
India’s third largest metropolitan city and is one
of the fastest growing economic zones in South
Asia. Currently a home to over 9.5 million
inhabitants, this number only rapidly increasing.
Deficit
Deficit
59 MLD
225 MLD
Currently a home to over 9.5 million inhab-
itants, this number only rapidly increas-
ing. Even though it was known as the city
of lakes, Bangalore has the costliest wa-
ter in India. In 1960, there were approxi-
mately 282 lakes while today, barely 34
remain in their full glory. The city has lost
more than one lake a year to the grow-
ing demands of the human population.
The undulating terrain of Bangalore with
its hills and valleys provide a natural drain-
age pattern with small streams originating
from ridges cascading down to form major
streams in 3 major valleys of Bangalore.
LocatedinNorthernBangalore,the1.5kmlongJak-
kur Lake is one example of a tank revived using the
STIFLE model and support from all the stakehold-
ers involved, including the state government, local
governing bodies, fishermen, end users (do-
mestic purposes), Lake revival groups & bird
watching enthusiasts. Institutional owner-
ship of these lakes is fragmented. This makes
the problem of water management within
these lakes extremely complex.Blessed with
bio-diversity, the Jakkur lake also has several
wells surrounding it that cater to the domestic
needs of the residents in the area. Fishermen
make their living by selling fish that they ob-
tain from the lake. The lake is also culturally and
spiritually significant for the people in this area.
The ecological aspect was addressed
through the setting up of a 10 MLD
Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) and a
man-made wetland at the northern tip
of the lake, so as to recharge the lake
with treated water from the 12,500
households surrounding it. The wet-
land acts as a natural filter, improv-
ing the quality of water that is let into
the lake. It also allows bio-diversity to
thrive in the lake and its surrounds.
The lake was fenced and de-silted.
The plant currently releases 8 million
litres of treated water into the man-
made wetland, which further purifies
the water by a natural process before
letting it enter the lake. This in turn
recharges the ground, increases the
water table and fills up the borewells
and old open wells around this area.
to be used for agricultural purposes.
Jakkur lake The revival project
Introduction bengaluru city

2. N
water worksthe bengaluru story
RAINBOW DRIVEre-imagining water sources
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More than 360 recharge wells, on an av-
erage 3 feet in diameter and of depth 20
feet, have been created.
water pricing = water consumption
rain water
harvesting
rain water harvesting
community
bore wells
water tariff phytorid stp
phytorid sEWAGE tREATMENT pLANT
Ground water table
after
Ground water table
before
COMMUNITY BORE WELL
AQUIFER :before AQUIFER :after
Rainbow Drive is a 36acre neighborhood with 430
plots located in south east Bangalore. The sloped land
posed a challenge for the residents due to exces-
sive flooding during monsoon. Also, due to lack of
connectivity to the municipal water supply, the resi-
dents depended on ground water from borewells for
their daily consumption.As a result of the scarcity and flood-
ing , they opted to conserve, reuse and recycle water through
rainwater harvesting, recharge wells and a Phytoroid
sewage treatment plant. This was done by creating
a layout association that worked collaboratively.
recharge well lid
storm water jali
Water meters are installed at overhead tanks and at household levels,
which monitored the inflow and outflow of water supply and usage respec-
tively. This in-turn helped in tabulating a new water tarrif for the layout.
storm water drains
before
storm water
drains after
WATER METER
REDUCTION IN WATER USAGE,
metering heLPED IN CALCULATING CONSUMPTION AND ARRVIE AT A TARRIF
>40 KL
30-40KL
20-30 KL
10-20 KL
0-10 KL
Rs.40 per KL
Rs.10 per KL
Rs.60 per KL
Rs.25 per KL
Rs.15 per KL
Rs.20
per KL
area : 14.56 HECTARES
PLOTS: 435
1.
recharge well
This effectively means zero discharge
has been achieved for rainwater for the
entire layout.
ban of digging private borewells.
dependant on 6 common bore-wells
improved aquifer capacity
rwh potential annual potential
land area
14.56 h
154kl 56ml
2.
3.
4.
PLANT BED
before after
Water meter
7.Vegetation sysytem
2.Bacterial action
6.Decomposition
5.Nutrient uptake
3.Filtration
1.Sedimentation
4.Adsorption
CONVENTIONAL
POOR WATER QUALITY
POLLUTION ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY
BETTER WATER QUALITY
MAINTAINANCE COST AT RS40,000/MONTH MAINTAINANCE COST AT RS10,000/MONTH
PHYTORID
water tariff
After the end of the dis-
tribution cycle there’s
a surplus of 60KL daily,
thus making it a self suf-
ficient neighbourhood.
Ground water table has risen to around 250ft and hence
befitting the surrounding communities.
THE WATER DISTRIBUTION CYCLE

4. water worksthe bengaluru story
buddhi schoolTowards reducing the external water footprint
the abodeattempt at self-sufficient dwelling
conclusiontowards regeneration & resoration of water
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3.CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM
1.RESTORING BIO-DIVERSITY
4.EASE OF
IMPLEMENTATION
5.IDEA OF REPLICABLITY OF THE
MODEL TO CATER TO LARGER
EXTENT
2.NEED FOR COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
CONCLUSIVE ILLUSTRATIONS
JAKKUR LAKE at a city
level,rejuvunating life around it.
Recharge well amount-
ing to surplus of water in
Rainbow drive.
Reviving a heritage
open well to meet wa-
ter demands at classic
orchards. Self sufficient plots.
RESTORATION & RECHARGING GROUND WATER
The above projects address the problem of water management at various scales. What is com-
mon to them all, is that at every stage, the system is a closed loop i.e. what is taken is given back
ensuring a sustainable future. People are aware, and this has moved them to take action. It is ex-
tremely important at all scales that the community becomes a part of the operation of the system.
All the remedial measures are cost effective and localized. In some places a surplus is generated.
The fact that this model has proven
successful at different scales means
that is flexible and replicable. Al-
though solutions to the problem
must be derived from the context,
this model is helpful in orienting one
towards attaining social, financial
and ecological sustainability. It is
also important that policy makers be
involved in making a waste-water
master plan, selecting the appropri-
ate location of the treatment plants,
the creation of wetlands and water
bodies. The same applies to ground
water usage laws.
LOCATION : DASARHALLI,
BANGALORE
SITE AREA : 1767.2 SQM
AREA : 1500 SQM
STRATA : ROCKY STRATA
THE ABODE
TREATED BLACK WATER
COLLECTED AND RE-USED
FOR FLUSHING
TREATED WATER
COLLECTION TANK
Apart from the land features, the need for water and limited
availability of the same too played an active part in the design.
TERRACE ACTING AS RAINWATER
CATCHMENT AREA
COLLECTED RAINWATER
GOING TO SUMPTANK
BLACK WATER FROM TOILETS
SENT FOR TREATMENT.
The largest need for water we identi-
fied was for toilet flushing hence all of
the black water is collected treated
and re-used for this purpose & hence
this way the school’s entire loop of
water is closed.
EXTERIOR VIEW OF THE SCHOOL SHOWING THE
CATHMENT & RUN-OFF AREA
FLOOR PLAN SHOWING THE BASIC PLUMBING LINES SCHEMATIC SECTION SHOWING THE WATER CYCLE
LOCATION : MARIYANAPALLYA, BANGALORE
SITE SIZE : 30’ X 45’
BUILT-UP AREA: 1705 SQ. FT.
The roof of this house provides a healthy 83 sqm and an ad-
ditional 42 sqm of paved spaces. Every surface is exploited
for rainfall.
The terrace on the first floor is used as a provider of water
for drinking and cooking alone, thus ensuring that the family
has a supply of safe water for its essential needs the whole
year through.
VIEW OF TERRACE SHOWING ECO-FRIENDLY SOLAR WATER HEATER,
LIGHTING AND REED BED SYSTEM
LIFE-LINE WATER
CATCHMENT AREA
LIFE-LINE WATER
COLLECTION
TANK
LIFE-LINE WATER
USED
AS POTABLE
WATER
KITCHEN
BLACK
WATER GOES
TO UGD
TERRACE ACTING AS
CATHMENT AREA TO COL-
LECT THE RAIN WATER
SUMP TANK CONTAINING
RAINWATER
GREY WATER
COLLECTION TANK
SCHEMATIC SECTION SHOWING THE WATER CYCLE
regeneration of resources
Soil excavated for foundation is compressed & used
to make mud blocks with which the walls are made.
OHT WATER FROM SUMP TANK
KEPT ON TERRACE
GREY WATER FROM SHOWER
TO BE TREATED
REED BEDS TO TREAT THE GREY
WATER
grey water
treatment
system
LOCATION MAP SHOWING AREA
AROUND JAKKUR LAKE
BUDDHI SCHOOL