Slides from a talk given to Eunoia Junior College, Singapore ------------------- Cyber Warfare questions Are the concerns about cyber warfare overblown? Why should young people care about cyber warfare? What are the national/international systems or structures currently in place to protect us from cyber warfare? Are these protections adequate? Considering that Singapore is a small country, is there really anything we can do in the face of the challenges posed by cyber warfare? ------------------- Cybercrime Questions How do scammers make Singaporeans lower their guard despite them already knowing that scams are prevalent in our society? Why do you think people still fall for scams? By the time new types of scams are reported, new types of scams are already being created. How do you think the Singapore government can break this cycle? How hard is it to find out criminals behind cyber attacks? ----------- Information Operations questions The Russo-Ukraine War, what are your thoughts on it being publicized on social media unlike many wars from the past? Are there any political implications regarding the publication of the war on TikTok? Could posting the war on TikTok create any social issues?

1. Cybercrime and
Cyber Warfare –
Your questions
answered

2. Your questions
Cybercrime / Cyber Warfare
• Are the concerns about cyber warfare overblown?
• Why should young people, and young
Singaporeans in particular, care about cyber
warfare?
• What are the national/international systems or
structures currently in place to protect us from
cyber warfare? Are these protections adequate?
• Considering that Singapore is a small country, is
there really anything we can do in the face of the
challenges posed by cyber warfare?
Information Operations
• The Russo-Ukraine War, what are your thoughts
on it being publicized on social media unlike
many wars from the past?
• Are there any political implications regarding the
publication of the war on TikTok? Could posting
the war on TikTok create any social issues?
Scams and Cybercrime
• By the time new types of scams are reported, new
types of scams are already being created. How do you
think the Singapore government can break this cycle?
• How do scammers make Singaporeans lower their
guard despite them already knowing that scams are
prevalent in our society? Why do you think people still
fall for scams?
• How hard is it to find out criminals behind cyber
attacks?
• Despite the Government's efforts, why is there still so
many people falling for scams?

3. Cybercrime or Cyber Warfare?
Cyber Crime
• For profit e.g.
Ransomware, Scams
Cyber Warfare
• To control other states
e.g. Invasion
Info Operations
• To change minds

4. Your Cyber Warfare questions

5. 1. Cyber
Warfare is real

6. 2. Cyber Warfare
can destroy your
way of life

7. 3. The UN cares a lot
about Cyber Warfare

8. 4. Singapore is
actively involved
internationally

9. Question for
you: How would
Cyber Warfare
affect your life?

10. Your Cybercrime Questions

11. 1. Scams work because
of human nature
Police!
MOH!
You’ll
never
believe
Your
Account!
OCBC
calling

12. 2. It’s up to all of us to help one another

13. 3. Cyber
Criminals
can be
caught
Cyber Criminals also make
mistakes of human nature

14. Question for you: How
can you help others to
avoid scams?

15. Your Info Ops Questions
(Hostile Information Campaigns)

16. Singapore took a
stand, to restrict
trade with Russia

17. Different
narratives

18. Some build
on existing
anti-western
feelings

19. Spread in all
languages

20. Even influential
politicians

21. Lessons
learned
about
Hostile
Information
Campaigns
Disinformation reaches all age groups,
education levels, races, languages and
religions
We need to be S.U.R.E. (Source,
Understand, Research, Evaluate)
https://sure.nlb.gov.sg/
Emotions can override Critical Thinking
We need a strong narrative, otherwise
disinformation fills the space

22. Question for you: What can
you do to combat Hostile
Information Campaigns?