CHLAMYDIA AND PERIODIC SCANNING 2 Chlamydia and Periodic Scanning Among Sex Workers Student’s Name Institution Affiliation Course Number Instructor’s Name Date Introduction In recent years, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have increased at an alarming rate. 20% of the population in the US have had an STI since 2018 and their treatment cost has been approximately $16 billion. Among the STDs that have been on the rise include chlamydia. Chlamydia is an infection that affects both men and women and damages their reproductive organs. Because of this, it becomes hard for women to become pregnant and sometimes causes fatal ectopic pregnancy. Florida is among the worst affected population by STDs, and it ranks 7th supporting data shows that from 2010 to 2019, the rates of chlamydia in Florida rose an astonishing 313%. This condition is easily curable, but the shame people must get treated for STDs is the main cause of the high increase rates in of the disease. It has been noted that this STD is particularly on the rise among young people aged 15-29. This population has been known for having unprotected and rampant sexual engagements. According to the most recent state data available, the illness affected 105,058 people overall in 2018. Florida reported 85,278 chlamydia infections among those between the ages of 15 and 29, which is a treatable bacterial STD. The number of cases the department reported in 2016 grew to 94,719 in 2017, reaching 100,002. Groups with the highest risk of developing an STD were identified by the health department as being young adults (15–24), gay and bisexual men, and those who have had several sex partners. According to the health department, 3 out of 4 STD carriers in Florida are between the ages of 15 and 29. PICOT Question For asymptomatic ureteral and anorectal Chlamydia trachomatis infection, would periodically screening sex workers be beneficial to reduce incidence and prevalence rates at the community level when compared to communities without intervention in six months? Vulnerable Population Sex workers are exposed to many health hazards including STDs such as Chlamydia, AIDs, gonorrhea, and syphilis. The most rampant of them all among sex workers and normal people in the population is chlamydia. The disease is bad if left unchecked but easily cured when it is detected and treated early. It affects the reproductive system to an extent it may cause ectopic pregnancy or even destruction of the uterus. Sex workers are highly subjected to this disease as they are mostly dealing with the most sexually active age group which carries the largest infection rate. The number of cases the department reported in 2016 grew to 94,719 in 2017, reaching 100,002. Groups with the highest risk of developing an STD were identified by the health department as being young adults (15–24), gay and bisexual men, and those who have had several sex partners. Chlamydial and gonococcal infections in females can cause pelvic.

1. CHLAMYDIA AND PERIODIC SCANNING 2
Chlamydia and Periodic Scanning Among Sex Workers
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Course Number
Instructor’s Name
Date
Introduction
In recent years, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have
increased at an alarming rate. 20% of the population in the US
have had an STI since 2018 and their treatment cost has been
approximately $16 billion. Among the STDs that have been on
the rise include chlamydia. Chlamydia is an infection that
affects both men and women and damages their reproductive
organs. Because of this, it becomes hard for women to become
pregnant and sometimes causes fatal ectopic pregnancy. Florida
is among the worst affected population by STDs, and it ranks
7th supporting data shows that from 2010 to 2019, the rates of
chlamydia in Florida rose an astonishing 313%. This condition
is easily curable, but the shame people must get treated for
STDs is the main cause of the high increase rates in of the
disease.

2. It has been noted that this STD is particularly on the rise among
young people aged 15-29. This population has been known for
having unprotected and rampant sexual engagements. According
to the most recent state data available, the illness affected
105,058 people overall in 2018. Florida reported 85,278
chlamydia infections among those between the ages of 15 and
29, which is a treatable bacterial STD. The number of cases the
department reported in 2016 grew to 94,719 in 2017, reaching
100,002. Groups with the highest risk of developing an STD
were identified by the health department as being young adults
(15–24), gay and bisexual men, and those who have had several
sex partners. According to the health department, 3 out of 4
STD carriers in Florida are between the ages of 15 and 29.
PICOT Question
For asymptomatic ureteral and anorectal Chlamydia trachomatis
infection, would periodically screening sex workers be
beneficial to reduce incidence and prevalence rates at the
community level when compared to communities without
intervention in six months?
Vulnerable Population
Sex workers are exposed to many health hazards including
STDs such as Chlamydia, AIDs, gonorrhea, and syphilis. The
most rampant of them all among sex workers and normal people
in the population is chlamydia. The disease is bad if left
unchecked but easily cured when it is detected and treated early.
It affects the reproductive system to an extent it may cause
ectopic pregnancy or even destruction of the uterus. Sex
workers are highly subjected to this disease as they are mostly
dealing with the most sexually active age group which carries
the largest infection rate. The number of cases the department
reported in 2016 grew to 94,719 in 2017, reaching 100,002.
Groups with the highest risk of developing an STD were
identified by the health department as being young adults (15–
24), gay and bisexual men, and those who have had several sex
partners. Chlamydial and gonococcal infections in females can
cause pelvic inflammatory disease and its related consequences,

3. but they are typically asymptomatic. Untreated infections in
pregnant women can cause neonatal chlamydial pneumonia or
gonococcal or chlamydial ophthalmia in their newborns. Women
are most exposed to and affected when it comes to STDs and
thus empowering them to carry out regular screening tests will
be of great importance.
Literature Review
In 2021, Davidson et al. carried out a study to update the 2014
recommendations that the US Preventative Services Task Force
(USPSTF) had commissioned evaluating the harms and positives
of gonorrhea and chlamydia screening among young people.
From their report, they concluded that there is a moderate
benefit after chlamydia screening in almost all sexually active
women aged 24 or younger and 25 or older who are at elevated
infection risks. The report that this category of women should
get screened for STDs such as gonorrhea and chlamydia
concluded that there is not enough information available
currently to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of
screening men for chlamydia and gonorrhea.
Lau et al. (2022) on the other hand did a study and realized that
Rectal chlamydia treatment is now definitive but maintaining
and evaluating positive outcomes is still difficult and more so
when it comes to women who are continually at risk of getting
infected. There is a rise in infections among MSM, and
strategies are required to lower the incidence of infections.
Once developed, viability assays can aid in lowering antibiotic
usage. The purpose of routine rectal chlamydia screening in
women is still debated, and asymptomatic infections in MSM
may be added to this discussion soon.
Pillay et al. (2021) on the hand conducted research through a
systematic review highlighting the advantages and
disadvantages of screening Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) compared to no screening and other
alternative screening approaches. One thing that was noted was
the lack of direct information regarding the best screening
methods and intervals when to begin and stop screening, and

4. whether screening men in addition to women is important to
prevent clinical consequences highlighting that there needs to
be an additional study in these areas which would be helpful.
Most of the evidence regarding the advantages and
disadvantages of screening for CT and/or NG is of low or very
low certainty (Pillay et al., 2021). There was a risk of
indirectness due to the inclusion of comparator groups that
received some screening, insufficient outcome ascertainment,
and the utilization of outreach settings.
In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region there is
little knowledge of STIs and how commercial sex networks
contribute to the disease being transmitted (van Bergen et al.,
2021). STIs are effective makers of sexual risk behavior and a
potent tool for deciphering the structure of sexual networks and
foretelling the possibility of an HIV epidemic. Major gaps
remain despite our epidemiological understanding's
advancements, and there is no evidence for more than half of
the MENA countries. There is an urgent need due to the lack of
STI surveillance and the programmatic responses' emphasis on
case management and syndromic approaches rather than on
etiological investigations and evidence-based practices (van
Bergen et al., 2021).
We sought to investigate potential future avenues for chlamydia
management and produce insights that could inform evidence-
based approaches. We specifically wanted to know how far we
should go with testing for infections that are asymptomatic at
both vaginal and extragenital sites. To help guide the creation
of recommendations for potential avenues for chlamydia control
in the Netherlands, we described shifting perspectives in
chlamydia control. The results of earlier cost-effectiveness
analyses may change because of these new findings. In contrast
to the current "test and treat" approach, our expert panel
believes that future tactics should focus on reducing, rather than
expanding.
In their study, Pearce et al. (2020) analysis sought to evaluate
the impact of campaigns on young people's chlamydia screening

5. uptake. Part form only screening, it was discovered through
qualitative results that for a campaign to be successful, there
needs to be a pertinent language that will showcase various
testing possibilities among sex workers that will also ensure
their anonymity. The target age group should be between 15 to
24 years as most sex workers who are more active range in this
group (Pearce et al., 2021).
Proposal
Various studies show that thorough treatments can result in
appreciable decreases in Chlamydia infection among sex
workers. When creating screening programs for these sex
workers, integrating both behavioral and biological therapeutic
methods should be considered. The recommended screening is
for men and women who are sexually active and under the age
of 25 and do not have any other risk factors, screening is
advised at least once a year but for men and women who have
recently started dating someone new or who have more than one
relationship at the same time such as sex workers their
screening and STI testing should now be done every three
months rather than monthly (quarterly). Sex workers receive a
certificate of attendance for STI screening at the time of
screening, which they can show the brothel manager. This
method of operations will greatly reduce the rates in
communities that have these policies as compared to those that
do not have any clear sex worker policies.

6. References
Chemaitelly, H., Weiss, H. A., Smolak, A., Majed, E., & Abu-
Raddad, L. J. (2019). Epidemiology of treponema pallidum,
chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas
vaginalis, and herpes simplex virus type 2 among female sex
workers in the Middle East and North Africa: Systematic
Review and meta-analytics.
Journal of Global Health,
9(2).
https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.09.020408
Davidson, K. W., Barry, M. J., Mangione, C. M., Cabana, M.,
Caughey, A. B., Davis, E. M., Donahue, K. E., Doubeni, C. A.,
Krist, A. H., Kubik, M., Li, L., Ogedegbe, G., Pbert, L.,
Silverstein, M., Simon, M. A., Stevermer, J., Tseng, C. W., &
Wong, J. B. (2021, September 14). Screening for Chlamydia and
Gonorrhea.
JAMA,
326(10), 949.
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.14081
Lau, A., Hocking, J. S., & Kong, F. Y. (2022). Rectal chlamydia
infections: Implications for reinfection risk, screening, and
treatment guidelines.
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases,
35(1), 42-48.
Pearce, E., Jolly, K., Harris, I. M., Adriano, A., Moore, D.,
Price, M., & Ross, J. (2021). What is the effectiveness of
community-based health promotion campaigns on Chlamydia
screening uptake in young people and what barriers and
facilitators have been identified? A mixed-methods systematic
review.

7. Sexually Transmitted Infections,
98(1), 62–69. https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2021-
055142
Pillay, J., Wingert, A., MacGregor, T., Gates, M., Vandermeer,
B., & Hartling, L. (2021). Screening for chlamydia and/or
gonorrhea in primary health care: Systematic reviews on
effectiveness and patient preferences.
Systematic Reviews,
10(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01658-w
van Bergen, J. E., Hoenderboom, B. M., David, S., Deug, F.,
Heijne, J. C., van Aar, F., Hoebe, C. J., Bos, H., Dukers-
Muijrers, N. H., Götz, H. M., Low, N., Morré, S. A., Herrmann,
B., van der Sande, M. A., de Vries, H. J., Ward, H., & van
Benthem, B. H. (2021). Where to go to in chlamydia control?
from infection control towards infectious disease control.
Sexually Transmitted Infections,
97(7), 501–506.
https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2021-054992
2
Osteoarthritis
Orlando Perez Cuba
Florida National university
Professor: Alexander Garcia

8. October 12, 2022
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a progressive joint condition where the
structures gradually deteriorate. The cartilage and several other
tissues in the joints deteriorate or undergo architectural
restructuring, which leads to the development of osteoarthritis.
Alternately, alterations in the tissue may be the cause of the
degradation, which normally takes place progressively as time
passes. It is the most prevalent form of arthritis and affects
elderly persons more frequently (NIAMS, 2022). Each person is
affected by the disease individually. Several people have quite
minimal osteoarthritis, which has little impact on daily
operations. Others experience severe discomfort and impairment
as a result. Joint deterioration often occurs slowly over several
years, however, in some persons it may increase abruptly.
Approximately 3.3 to 3.6% of people worldwide suffer from
OA. It ranks as the 11th most disabling condition in the world,
resulting in varied degrees of morbidity in 43 million
individuals (Sen, & Hurley 2022). Even though just 60percent
of the people over 65 in the United States experiences
complaints, it is believed that 80% of this subgroup has
radiological signs of OA. This is due to the fact that
radiological OA occurs at approximately twice as frequently as
clinical OA. Consequently, radiological alterations do not
demonstrate that the client's discomfort is due to OA.

9. Osteoarthritis is the second most costly condition encountered
in the United States in 2011, accounting for about 1 million
hospital admissions at a total expense of roughly $15 billion.
This piece is aimed at determining whether water exercises are
more effective in alleviating osteoarthritic pain compared to
land exercise.
PICOT
The picot Question: In elderly patients suffering from
osteoarthritis how does water exercise compared with land
exercise influence in pain alleviation after two months?
The population that will be used is the elderly persons,
particularly those above 65years. This is because osteoarthritis
is more common in elderly patients. According to NIAMS
(2022), osteoarthritis is an age-related disorder and therefore
the elderly population is more susceptible. The proposed
intervention is water exercise, also known as aquatic exercise.
The current practice requires osteoarthritic patients to perform
exercises, much of which is done on land, to reduce pain.
Though this has produced some results, it is also key to
investigate the impact that would be produced if such exercises
were conducted in water. The results obtained will be compared
to those obtained from osteoarthritic patients who perform
exercise on land over a period of two months.
The vulnerable population
Social variables of health are those fiscal, interpersonal, and
ecological elements that help elderly adults retain their fitness
and well-being. These components include factors like getting
enough access to healthful food, a reliable source of income, a
secure home to live, and reachable, trustworthy conveyance
(Pooler, & Srinivasan, 2018). Dealing with SDOH-related
concerns increases a person's risk for poor wellness, in addition
to disease burden and mortality. SDOH factors significantly
affect older people's wellness and aging patterns, especially
their ability to age comfortably and where they are. Economic
constraints render these senior people from accessing quality

10. care and eventually, their health deteriorate considerably
(Fournier, n.d.)
Age is the most important risk factor for osteoarthritis.
Unfortunately, nothing much can be done about it. This is
because degeneration is a normal physiological process that
happens during aging. Therefore, this degeneration also affects
joints, leading to osteoarthritis. According Zamri et al., (2019),
osteoarthritis was associated with increased joint use.
Therefore, the type of work done by these elderly patients also
matters in determining how soon one will develop osteoarthritis.
Another risk factor associated with increased susceptibility to
osteoarthritis is high body mass index. In the same study, it was
found that obese patients were more likely to develop
osteoarthritis particularly knee osteoarthritis. This was
attributed to the excess weight bearing on the already
degenerating joints, increasing the strain and consequently wear
and tear.
Literature Review
Aquatic exercise is performed in water that is typically between
32 and 36 degrees Celsius. Aquatic workout might be extra
advantageous for individuals with osteoarthritis compared to
equivalent exercise on land, since the aspect of lukewarm water
is presumed to lessen discomfort and rigidity of the joints and
muscles and trigger relaxation response (Franco et al., 2017).
Patients who have just completed their care for osteoarthritis of
the knee or hip should consider participating in aquatic exercise
as soon as possible. Immediately following the conclusion of
their course of therapy, clients suffering from osteoarthritis of
the knee and hip may find relief from their symptoms through
participation in aquatic exercise.
Exercising in the water or aquatic therapy is a useful non-
pharmacological intervention which helps lessen pain, improve
joint and muscular mobility, which reduces muscle spasms and
increases muscular strength (Khanjari, & Garooei, 2020).
Because of the characteristics of water in producing resistance,
easing, and lowering the strain on the afflicted joints,

11. exercising in water has various benefits, including reduced
injury and simpler learning. Knee joint arthritis complaints can
be significantly improved by running in the water. Khanjari, &
Garooei, (2020) conducted research on the effects of water
jogging on patients with osteoarthritic knee, and found it very
useful to means of alleviating pain in the victims
Other research work conducted have emerged suggesting that
there the achievements of water exercise are no better than
those of land exercise, claiming that it only increases physical
function without any significant impact on the pain. In a
systematic analysis that compared the effectiveness of land-
based exercise (LBE) and aquatic exercise (AQE) in alleviating
knee osteoarthritic pain, Dong et al., (2018) observed no
statistically significant discrepancies across the two (land and
water exercises) therapies over a brief period of time. In
addition, the findings showed that AQE had minimal impact on
pain control, QOL enhancement, and only marginal impact on
physical function enhancement.
Exercise in the water is also linked to improved cognition,
mood, and mobility. Aquatic workout can help patients who
have received joint replacement therapy to feel more
comfortable and improve their joints' functioning. In a study by
Kim et al., (2021), exercising in the water reduced overall and
each WOMAC subcategory of discomfort, rigidity, and
performance, which relieved the complaints of osteoarthritis.
Following total knee arthroplasty, the overall WOMAC score
dropped by 11, which is more than the minimal statistically
significant change according to Kim et al., (2021). Individuals
with osteoarthritis may benefit more from aquatic workout.
Water's buoyancy has less negative effects on the joints than
land-based exercise, which may be quite painful for
osteoarthritis individuals.
Exercise and athletic endeavors aid to prevent or postpone the
need for another knee or hip replacement, which should only be
performed in the very late stages of OA when extreme pain and
disability are present. Aquatic exercise takes advantage of the

12. weight-relieving qualities of water to relieve pain, make joints
move more easily, improve physical function, lessen muscular
stiffness, and relax muscles in OA patients. According to
Zampogna et al., (2020), the risk of falling in the older adults is
reduced in patient who perform water exercise, when compare
to land exercise, owing to its ability to reduce joint stiffness
and pain, which consequently improves physical performance.
Intense exercise improves general adaptability and joint
function while also lowering discomfort and strengthening the
muscles that encircle the knee joint. Numerous clinical
recommendations recommend exercise as a first-line method of
treating osteoarthritis complaints. Water-based exercise
improves function temporarily but only minimally reduces
discomfort. Patients with functionality or mobility issues are
advised to use it. Land-based workout, particularly Tai Chi, has
been shown to significantly improve pain and physical
performance in KOA individuals compared to water exercise
according to an article study by Kan et al., (2019)
The sources used n the literature review are not without
limitations. For one several of them have not mentioned the
intensity, type and the duration of either the land of water
exercise, making the studies generalization difficulty. Other
articles used had an increased risk of biasness, making the
results less reliable. Most importantly, most of the article
studied on knee osteoarthritis, raising a question on whether the
same evidence could be used to address osteoarthritis of any
other joint like hip joint, hence the results rendered
ungeneralizable.
Proposal
Following the results I obtained in the literature review above,
it is concluded that for elderly individuals with osteoarthritis
and those who are overweight, aquatic activities are very
effective. The weight of the body is supported by the surges and
buoyancy of the water, which lessens the stress on joints and
the perceived pain's severity during exercise. Warmer water's
temperature and pressure also ease tension, ease stress, lessen

13. joint rigidity, and make mobility easier. Exercises in the water
are also beneficial for building muscle strength. Therefore, the
study proposes the use of water exercise to alleviate discomfort
in elderly patients with osteoarthritis. This because it has
multiple added advantages including boosting mood, and
reducing depression. In addition, it could also helpful in
reducing falls among the elderly.
Water exercise requires few resources, although it can be
provided for a group of patients. For the intervention, the
patients will need to have a preheated pool of water as the main
resource. The next resource it the guidance, from a professional,
on how to perform exercise, and which exercises to perform.
Guided exercise provides the best results for the patient since it
reduced the likelihood of performing irrelevant or even to some
extent, dangerous exercises, like vigorous exercise on a body
that can’t stand it. This intervention it expected to be conducted
in withing the two-month research time.
Reference
Dong, R., Wu, Y., Xu, S., Zhang, L., Ying, J., Jin, H., Wang, P.,
Xiao, L., & Tong, P. (2018). Is aquatic exercise more effective
than land-based exercise for knee osteoarthritis?.
Medicine,
97(52), e13823.
https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000013823
Fournier, S. (n.d.). Texas Health and Human Services.
https://www.hhs.texas.gov/sites/default/files/documents/about-
hhs/community-engagement/atw/atw-social-determinants-
health-aging.pdf

14. Franco, M. R., Morelhão, P. K., de Carvalho, A., & Pinto, R. Z.
(2017). Aquatic exercise for the treatment of hip and knee
osteoarthritis.
Physical Therapy,
97(7), 693-697.
Kan, H. S., Chan, P. K., Chiu, K. Y., Yan, C. H., Yeung, S. S.,
Ng, Y. L., ... & Ho, T. (2019). Non-surgical treatment of knee
osteoarthritis.
Hong Kong Medical Journal,
25(2), 127.
Khanjari, Y., & Garooei, R. (2020). The effect of a water
jogging exercise course on older men with knee osteoarthritis.
Exercise and Quality of Life,
12(2), 31-35.
Kim, S., Hsu, F. C., Groban, L., Williamson, J., & Messier, S.
(2021). A pilot study of aquatic prehabilitation in adults with
knee osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty–short
term outcome.
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders,
22(1), 1-11.
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin
Diseases. (2022, June 8). NIAMS health information on
osteoarthritis.
https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoarthritis
Pooler, J., & Srinivasan, M. (2018, September 7). Social
determinants of health and the aging population. IMPAQ
International.
https://impaqint.com/work/issue-briefs/social-
determinants-health-and-aging-population
Sen, R., & Hurley, J. A. (2022, May 1). Osteoarthritis -
StatPearls - NCBI bookshelf. National Center for Biotechnology
Information.

15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482326/
Song, J. A., & Oh, J. W. (2022). Effects of Aquatic Exercises
for Patients with Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review with Meta-
Analysis.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland),
10(3), 560.
https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10030560
Zampogna, B., Papalia, R., Papalia, G. F., Campi, S., Vasta, S.,
Vorini, F., ... & Denaro, V. (2020). The role of physical activity
as conservative treatment for hip and knee osteoarthritis in
older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Journal of clinical medicine,
9(4), 1167.
Zamri, N. A. A., Harith, S., Yusoff, N. A. M., Hassan, N. M., &
Qian Ong, Y. (2019). Prevalence, risk factors and primary
prevention of osteoarthritis in Asia: A scoping review.
Elderly Health Journal,
5(1), 19-31.
Part II Capstone
Description
This is a continuation of the health promotion program
proposal, part one, which you submitted previously. Please
approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate
instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to
the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary
levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-
in.
Directions
You have already completed the steps 1-4. Make sure you revise
this initial submission according to your instructor’s comments.
1. Describe the health problem. Using data and statistics support
your claim that the issue you selected is a problem. What
specifically will you address in your proposed health promotion

16. program? Be sure your proposed outcome is realistic and
measurable.
2. Describe the vulnerable population and setting. What are the
risk factors that make this a vulnerable population? Use
evidence to support the risk factors you have identified.
3. Provide a review of literature from scholarly journals of
evidence-based interventions that address the problem. After
completing a library search related to effective interventions for
your chosen health promotion activity, you will write a review
that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of all the sources
you have found. You might consult research texts for
information on how to write a review of the literature found in
your search.
4. Select an appropriate health promotion/disease prevention
theoretical framework or conceptual model that would best
serve as the framework guiding the proposal. Provide rationale
for your selection which includes discussion of the concepts of
the selected model
For this assignment add criteria 5-8 as detailed below:
5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based
intervention found in your literature search to address the
problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough
discussion of the specifics of this intervention which include
resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse
in an advanced role. Be certain to include a timeline. (2 to 4
paragraph. You may use bullets if appropriate).
6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the
outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.
(1 paragraph).
7. Provide a detailed plan for evaluation for each outcome. (1
paragraph).
8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to
implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to
address these barriers/challenges. (1 paragraph).
9. Conclude the paper with a Conclusion paragraph. Don’t type
the word “Conclusion”. Here you will share your insights about

17. this strategy and your expectations regarding achieving your
goals. (1 paragraph).
Paper Requirements
Your assignment should be 7-8 pages (excluding title page,
references, and appendices), following APA standards.
Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper
demonstrating graduate school level writing and critical
analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.
Part II Capstone
Description
This is a continuation of the health promotion program
proposal, part one, which you submitted previously. Please
approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate
instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to
the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary
levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-
in.
Directions
You have already completed the steps 1-4. Make sure you revise
this initial submission according to your instructor’s comments.
1. Describe the health problem. Using data and statistics support
your claim that the issue you selected is a problem. What
specifically will you address in your proposed health promotion
program? Be sure your proposed outcome is realistic and
measurable.
2. Describe the vulnerable population and setting. What are the
risk factors that make this a vulnerable population? Use
evidence to support the risk factors you have identified.
3. Provide a review of literature from scholarly journals of
evidence-based interventions that address the problem. After
completing a library search related to effective interventions for
your chosen health promotion activity, you will write a review
that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of all the sources
you have found. You might consult research texts for

18. information on how to write a review of the literature found in
your search.
4. Select an appropriate health promotion/disease prevention
theoretical framework or conceptual model that would best
serve as the framework guiding the proposal. Provide rationale
for your selection which includes discussion of the concepts of
the selected model
For this assignment add criteria 5-8 as detailed below:
5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based
intervention found in your literature search to address the
problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough
discussion of the specifics of this intervention which include
resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse
in an advanced role. Be certain to include a timeline. (2 to 4
paragraph. You may use bullets if appropriate).
6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the
outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.
(1 paragraph).
7. Provide a detailed plan for evaluation for each outcome. (1
paragraph).
8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to
implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to
address these barriers/challenges. (1 paragraph).
9. Conclude the paper with a Conclusion paragraph. Don’t type
the word “Conclusion”. Here you will share your insights about
this strategy and your expectations regarding achieving your
goals. (1 paragraph).
Paper Requirements
Your assignment should be 7-8 pages (excluding title page,
references, and appendices), following APA standards.
Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper
demonstrating graduate school level writing and critical
analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.