The document summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the aqueous humour in the eye. It describes how the ciliary body produces aqueous humour which flows into the posterior chamber. From there it passes through the pupil into the anterior chamber and exits through the trabecular meshwork into Schlemm's canal and collector channels for drainage into the episcleral veins. It maintains intraocular pressure and the optical and metabolic functions of the eye.
6. Anterior chamber
Anterior: back of cornea
Posterior: anterior surface of iris &
part of CB
3mm deep in the centre in normal
adult
Comparatively shallow in very young
children & old people
7. Cont……….
0.25ml of the aqueous
Through pupil communicates with the
posterior chamber
Peripheral recess: angle of AC ,
mainly formed by trabicular meshwork
8. Angle of the AC
An important role in the
process of aqueous drainage
10. 1. The ciliary band
Most posterior landmark in
the angle recess.
It is formed by the anterior
most part of the CB
It appears as a grey or dark
brown band
11. 1. Sceral spur
Posterior portion of the scleral sulcus
Prominent white line on gonioscopy
Posteriorly : CB, anteriorly:
corneoscleral meshwork
12. 1. Trabicular meshwork
Seen as a band
Just anterior to the scleral spur
No pigment at birth & develops
pigments with increasing age
13. 1. Schwalbe’s line
Fine ridge seen just in front of the
trabicular meshwork
It is formed by the prominent end of
the decsemet’s membrane
25. Functions
Clear, colourless, watery solution
Continuously circulated from the
posterior chamber of the eye
throughout the anterior chamber
26. Cont…
1. Maintenance of intraocular pressure
2. Metabolic role
3. Optical function
4. Clearing function
27. Physiochemical properties
Volume: 0.31ml
RI : 1.336
Density : slightly greater than that of
water
Osmotic pressure: slightly
hyperosmotic to plasma (3-5 mOsm/l)
pH: acidic (7.2)
Rate of formation : 2.3 micro l /min
28. Aqueous humour dynamics
Aqueous dynamics include aqueous
formation & drainage
Aqueous production remain constant
till IOP is raised to 50 mmHg & over
29. Aqueous humour flow from the
posterior chamber into the AC
through the pupil
From AC aqueous is drained out by
two routes : uveoscleral outflow ,
trabicular out flow
30. Intraocular pressure
The IOP refers to the pressure exerted
by intraocular contents on the coats
of the eyeball
The normal level IOP is essentially
maintained by a dynamic equilibrium
b/w the aqueous humour formation
aqueous humour outflow & episcleral
pressure
31. Cont…
IOP is distributed evenly throughout
the eye
The IOP important in maintaining the
shape of the eyeball
Normal IOP varies b/w 10.5 to 20.5
mmHg