Discussing Theories And Types Of Systems

Discussing Theories And Types Of Systems
Discussing theories and types of systems was a process of looking at situation from a distanced and unrelated point of view. Some concepts were
easier to understand because I had previously experienced them or realized my part in a specific system. The first part of the course brought up a lot
of questions about the application and ways in which these processes occurred. This approach led to many discussions and ideas about why specific
situations were classified as they were within the dynamic systems.
Throughout these last sessions, it was evident that many of these theories and concepts could be applied, and visually placed on maps. However, it
was represent our ideas visually through mapping that was a hard process in these experiential sessions. This became our complicated system through
the project. As we looked retrospectively through our progress in each session, we changed words and arranged ideas as we felt would make sense,
and would help us represent our intentions more thoroughly. This was also a moving system that led us to different ways of thinking and
understanding others' worldview thus increasing our complexity.
My group chose an idea fairly fast. Our self–organization was very goal directed, as we understood the task and objective of our project. We divided
our ideas into two groups, a local issue and an international issue. This was our way to simplify our task. Our local suggestions were between Uber and
AirBnB, and our international suggestion was
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Essay about Response to an Athiest
Response to an atheist 1. McCloskey refers to the arguments as "proofs" and often implies that they can't definitively establish the case for God, so
therefore they should be abandoned. What would you say about this in light of my comments on the approaches to the arguments in the PointeCast
presentation (Lesson 18)? 2. On the Cosmological Argument: McCloskey claims that the "mere existence of the world constitutes no reason for
believing in such a being [i.e. a necessarily existing being]." The former is not a purely a priori argument, nor is it presented as such by its author
Samuel Clarke (11 October 1675 – 17 May 1729) was an English philosopher and Anglican... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
must be an intelligent being 9.must be not a necessary agent, but a being endued with liberty and choice 10.must of necessity have infinite power
11.must be infinitely wise, and 12.must of necessity be a being of infinite goodness, justice, and truth, and all other moral perfections, such as
become the supreme governor and judge of the world. oThe best evidence for design can be seen in the nature of the universe and how it came to be.
The process of discovery continues, since one of the fundamental properties of the universe, dark energy (or the cosmological constant), was
discovered late in the last century. New studies continue to add to our knowledge about the universe and its extremely unlikely makeup. An argument
is valid whenever the conclusion must be true if the premises are true. The existence of the world "Man with his complex nature" is cause enough to
know there is a GOD the creator (Alpha and Omega). o McCloskey also claims that the cosmological argument "does not entitle us to postulate an
all–powerful, all–perfect, uncaused cause. The argument may even be sound – it certainly is if God exists– and some people might even know that it is
sound (anyone who knows that God exists can know that this argument is sound). God has no need to have been created, since He exists either outside
time (where cause and effect do not operate) or within multiple dimensions of time (such that there is no beginning of God's plane of

Themes Of Utopian Literature
The Different People category of Utopian Literature is characterized by people who are outside of a certain society. Similar to the analogy of
someone being on the outside looking in, readers find themselves observing the lives of the the people in a society that is fictional. While the stories
of these utopias are fictional, they are often based on real people and real cultural influences. Utopian Literature in regards to different people, captures
a culture from a perspective that is outside of the ordinary. An outsider's point of view. Looking at Utopias in this fashion, leads to the beliefUtopia's
offer simplicity and showcase a simpler life. Using examples from Heliopolis, Of the Cannibals, and New Atlantis; Utopias offer a simpler life by
avoiding modern social norms, valuing self sufficiency and seclusion, and encouraging a different way of thought. Heliopolis is a Hellenistic
Utopia. It was made "In the period between the height of Greek civilization and the growth of the Roman civilization..."(Claeys and Sargent, 60) In
this utopia, Iambulus the author describes the inhabitants of Heliopolis, their culture, their behaviors, the climate of Heliopolis, and the ideals of
Heliopolis. The people of Heliopolis have double tongues, smooth skin, and a great vocabulary that surpasses humankind. They can speak to birds
which represents how Heliopolis people have complex minds and bodies, yet live a simplistic life. It seems the people of Heliopolis operate in a way

Complexity Is Defined By The American Heritage Dictionary
Complexity is defined by The American Heritage Dictionary as the state or condition of being intricate or complex. Something that is complex is
further defined as a configuration consisting of interconnected or interwoven parts that are complicated. Complicated is then defined as that which is
difficult to understand or analyze. And finally by definition, to understand means to know through experience and comprehend the nature, significance
or intended meaning within a causal framework. It is important to note from the above definitions that complexity does not merely mean "not simple".
It is also critical to realize that the complexity of the system must be related to a perspective of understanding as it related to a logical causal ... Show
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So these emergent rules of complexity are not strictly physical laws in the Newtonian sense but rather arise from the logical constructs, functioning and
control of the overall system directive which is in turn dependent on the governance of physical laws.
Note the role of the observer in this definition and the reliance upon its ability to process and interpret information. Because of this dependence on a
capacity of comprehension by the observer, a complex system can be considered organized or disorganized. Most people would agree that complex
systems usually have many parts. However, the way those parts interrelate might be difficult to discern. In fact, there is somewhat of a disconnection
between complexity and organization that centers around the observers understanding of the logical causal framework of the system. Warren Weaver
posited that disorganized or disordered complexity exists when there are a large number of parts within the system that appeared to interact randomly.
Like a mixed solution of chemicals in a glass beaker or gas molecules within a closed container. The emergent properties of such a system (color,
temperature, viscosity, etc.) can be understood by solely using probability and statistical methods to describe the interactions of the individual
components. By contrast "organized or ordered" complexity

Intelligent Design: Today's New World Essay
The study of science is defined as that which deals with the workings of the physical world we are able to observe and measure. The origin of life,
however, is a topic that science has long grappled with, despite the impossibility of observing or proving any origins theory in a strictly scientific
manner. Today, the widely accepted theory of life's beginning is the theory of Evolution by mutation and natural selection, or Neo
–Darwinism. Most
people in our modern society accept this theory at face value because it is popular with the majority of scientists, but it must always be taken into
account that our origins cannot be proven scientifically and that, in fact, the theory of Evolution is not the only or even the most logical theory... Show
This means that the system appears impossible to create by the course of naturalistic evolution, that is, many small and gradual steps that
eventually form the functioning product. Evolutionary theory proponents have, so far, been unable to satisfactorily address the issue of
irreducible complexity in biological systems such as the eye and the blood. Intelligent Design theorists, however, are easily able to explain the
phenomenon of irreducible complexity by pointing to the existence of an intelligent being that either guided or created the first forms of life. One
easily understandable example of an irreducibly complex system is a mousetrap. A typical mousetrap consists of five parts: a wooden base, a metal
hammer, a spring, a catch that is sensitive to pressure, and a metal bar that holds the hammer back. In Darwin's Black Box, Behe uses the mousetrap
as an example of irreducible complexity because it is evident that all parts are necessary for the trap to function properly. The platform is necessary to
hold all the other pieces together. Without the hammer the mouse would not be trapped, and without the spring the mouse could easily scurry away
after the trap closed loosely. If your trap was missing the catch or the metal bar, the trap would snap shut long before any mouse appeared. Behe goes
on to say that there are certainly other ways of catching a mouse, such as shooting

Character Analysis Of Rick Morty
Joseph Calandra
Dr McCracken
English 101
October 17, 2017
Rick and Morty Show Analysis
Rick and Morty is an adult animated science fiction cartoon series. This show was started by Dan Harmon and Justin Roiland. The cartoon series is
currently being broadcasted on Cartoon Network's late night programming network called Adult Swim. The show accompanies the wild adventures of
the self motivated, mad scientist Rick Sanchez. Rick Sanchez he always followed by Morty Smith. Morty is always distressed and unsure of himself.
Between the two of them they like to spend their time traveling on adventures through dimensions and battling problems in their everyday regular life.
Rick and Morty depict the contemporary idea of family in 2017 American ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Family is based on more than just a group of people living under one roof, it is build upon love, patient's, loyalty and compassion. Even though
modern complexities of life can intertwine and abstain us from enjoying the qualities in which a family should be defined upon, we should still see a
family based on its qualities over what it physically is. In this show we can see some of these qualities unfold on the television screen.
Coontz veiw on family
In this show there are times when the family values are crossed with interdimensional and space travel. For instance, in this episode there is a focal
point on marriage problems that have been arriving in the smith household. Beth is an alcoholic just like her father and Jerry seems to not be good
at anything. Somehow the two have found a way to develop and strengthen their love for each other. The episode where the marriage problems are
highlighted is called Big Trouble in Little Sanchez. This episode did mainly focus its air time on the little Rick plot, but there was a subplot within
this episode that focused primarily on Beth and Jerry's marriage problems . Rick sent the couple to an Off Earth couples counseling to see if they
could have any positive impact on the two. At this counseling resort, as a therapy method they allowed to see how the two subconsciously viewed
each other. Beth appeared as a giant evil looking bug monster who was very controlling. Jerry was viewed as a shy

The Design Argument For The Existence Of God
ONE
The design argument for the existence of God follows the model: 1) In nature, things appear to work together for a clear purpose. 2) The best
explanation for these relationships is that God designed these things. 3) Therefore, God exists, as he was the one who designed nature. This argument
contends that an intelligent designer of the world does exist, and structured the universe so that most natural things fit together for a clear purpose. We
can recognize that things in nature seem to be made for specific reasons that are too fortunate to be accidental. For instance, we observe that giraffes
have extremely long necks and conveniently eat from the tops of trees. We can also identify that planetearth is just the right distance from the sun and
moon to sustain human life. If either of these things were less ideal, there would be drastically worse outcomes for the giraffes and humans on
earth. The harmony we witness in nature compels the belief in an intelligent designer. Philosopher William Paley gives an example supporting this
argument using a natural rock and a watch. He argues that in a forest if someone were to stumble upon a rock, they would not likely question why
or how the rock came to be there, for all they know it has been there forever. However, if in a forest someone was to stumble upon a watch, they
would likely wonder how and why this complex watch come to be in the forest. The passerby questions the watch because it is obviously more elaborate

Lucille Clifton
The Complexity of Human Relationships Human relationships are complex and diverse and are generally major aspects of the life of a person. They
can have resounding positive as well as negative impacts on a person's life that are felt no matter where the two people in the relationship are. They also
tend to fluctuate, as they have their brighter moments along with their not so favorable moments. Finally, a relationship is expected to be reciprocal,
and generally the actions of one party in a relationship will dictate the reactions of the opposing party to such treatment. Furthermore, in a hierarchical
relationship such as the relationship between parents and children, the inability for group in lower order within the relationship,... Show more content on
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That self–imposition can come in the form of irresponsibility in money wherein it is earned but frequently wasted on self interests and addictions
such as alcohol, gambling, and drugs. Another possible cause for such a condition could also simply be laziness and an overall unwillingness to work
while accruing debts and not carrying the responsibility of the family he took upon himself. These thoughts are quickly dispelled by the author
however, as she changes her tone in the following lines; "You gave her all you had/ which was nothing. You had already given her/ all you had.
(Clifton 15–16)" This line indicate a sudden change of tone in her poem where she goes from blaming her father to possibly sympathizing with her
father in believing he was put in a bad position and despite not having much, he gave all of it to her mother. This line also marks a change in the poem
for the narrator from expressing her frustrations to possibly coming to terms with them and attempting to put her experiences behind her and move

The Complex Nature Of The Nursing Profession
In my relatively short tenure as a nurse I have come to understand and firmly believe that the nursing profession is widely misinterpreted and
sometimes viewed by the public as a systematic, task driven, emotionally simplistic and withdrawn profession. When in reality the nursing profession's
complex nature requires those involved to stay current, active and embracing a dynamic approach to their interactions. A dynamic nature is required in
order to be successful in nursing, as adaptive change, high energy and a well–rounded mindset are qualities that equate to effective care. The complex
nature of interactions and health care as an encompassing system can prove to be challenging but yield effective adaptive results. As Kleffel states that
nurses need an "ecocentric" view to successfully identify the multitude of interrelationships affecting effective care (as cited in Doane & Varcoe, 2004,
p. 50). That is that a nurse must approach a situation or interaction from a dynamic and comprehensive perspective.
The many interrelationships that affect the seemingly simple interactions between nurse, patient and families are everything but simple, in fact, they
are an intricate web of heterogeneous relational factors with a purpose of contributing and developing the current state of being. The theoretical
framework of Complexity Science paired with Complex Adaptive System (CAS) is effective in explaining human interactions and its key role in
effective health care (Lindberg, Nash, &

The Clinical Micro System
In this ever–changing modern day business environment, organizations should always be ready to adapt to the ever–changing concepts and customers'
needs. Both internal and external factors influence the kinds of changes that take place in any business or organization. As of the complex adaptive
systems, in order to keep up with the constant upcoming changes, they need to keep on revising their goals and objectives. They can do this by
assimilating to any current changes present in society.
Most healthcare issues that face the system today are of a complex nature. An example is that of the health problem of smoking that has adverse effects
on both active and passive users. Although there maybe measures that are taken to curb the harmful behavior, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Process mapping was applied in the process since the day the patient was referred to surgery until their first post surgery check up. Some of the
main issues addressed in the process mapping of the surgery included the goal of the whole process of the surgery and the ways to make the
problem work in the best way possible. The process mapping addressed any foreseeable challenges that might occur in the operating room and found
measures to counter any cases that might have occurred. Division of duties during the surgery was also addressed in the mapping process in order to
define the role of each member present in the operating room. After the surgery was over, the process–mapping element of the clinical micro system
formed the basis of a measurement tool for the process in order to ascertain the success of the whole

National Health Initiative ( Chi ) Complex Adaptive...
Healthcare Organizational Analysis
Healthcare organizations are constantly changing to meet the needs of their communities. According to Mitchell (2013), organizations utilize evidence
base practice to determine the changes needed of a given community. The purpose of this paper is to analyze Catholic Health Initiative (CHI) Saint
Vincent Infirmary's (SVI) complex adaptive system, mission, values, culture, leadership style, level of greatness, and readiness for changes.
Complex Adaptive System
Healthcare organizations have multiple agents collaborating together for the common good of the community and patient. These agents may function
independently but are dependent on one another to function successfully (Plsek & Greenhalgh, 2001). For ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When patterns become the focus of the problem, complex systems can adapt more readily to promote quality holistic care throughout the healthcare
facility.
Organization: Catholic Health Initiative Saint Vincent Infirmary
SVI is one of many facilities in the CHI system. CHI is the nation's second–largest nonprofit health care organization (CHI, 2015). CHI consists of 102
hospitals, 30 critical–access facilities, home–health agencies, accredited nursing colleges and several other outpatient facilities. SVI is made up of
over 76 clinics and 5 hospitals. SVI's mission is to use education and research to nurture the healing ministry of the church as well as to provide
human dignity and social justice to create a healthier community (CHI SVI, 2015). The SVI core values are reverence, integrity, compassion, and
excellence. The mission and values of SVI are alive and well. According to U.S. News and World Report (2015), SVI has been the number onehospital
in Arkansas for three years in a row. SVI is also one of 423 hospitals with Magnet status (American Nurses Credentialing Center, 2015). SVI strives to
utilize evidence based practice to provide the best quality care to patients. Nurses at SVI participate in research, community outreach, and policy
changes impacting not only the patient but the work environment as well.
Culture at Saint Vincent Infirmary
SVI's employees and patients come from a vast array of

Examples Of Complicated People In The Odyssey
The term complicated can mean several different things to countless different people. Complicated can mean consisting of many interconnecting
parts, but could also mean consisting of complicated parts. Countless people can be complicated and have contrasting views on the circumstances
and ideas and do not always have a clear view on a topic. In the Odyssey by Homer, Odysseus is an unquestionable complicated person. The use of
the adjective, complicated, to describe Odysseus is perfect because of his conflicting character traits that are revealed throughout the story.
Odysseus has a recurring complicated relationship with being loyal to his wife, Penelope, and being unfaithful. He seems loyal to Penelope by
always wanting to go home and asking for help to get back to his home. For example, when Calypso asks him to marry her and live on her island for
ever he declines. Even when she said she could bring Penelope and his son, he... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He tells the people he runs into constantly that he wants to get home and he longs for that. The first time that we see him we see him crying on the
beach, although the reason is presumably unknown one could venture to guess he just honestly wanted to go home "The tears were never dry in his
eyes."(64). He asks a myriad of different people for help arriving home, including Ailos, the king of the winds, who gives him the winds to help him
drop anchor in Ithaca. Although he fronts that he wants to go home in most instances, one can tell that he truly does not want to go home. He takes
time out of his journey home to wretch Ismaros, kills its inhabitants, and stay there and party afterward with no threat towards Odysseus and his crew
whatsoever. Also, he lands on Polyphemus' island for no reason, but to cause trouble and because his pride takes control. Odysseus stays with Circe an
extra year and wants to stay longer until his men drag him

Contingency Theories Of Contingency Theory
Contingency Theory
Contingency theory accentuates administrative method as being dependent upon the connections between the association structure and various vital
variables, normally environment, innovation, objectives and size. It speaks to the finish of the open frameworks functionalist methodology of the
previous decades consolidated with an authorial argentic part for administration. In particular, contingency theory advances a determined part of key
administrative choice making over association framework, structure, culture and procedures (Donaldson 1990, 379).
The contingency theory is deeply rooted in the postmodern discourse and without understanding the ideals that underlines postmodernism one cannot
understand contingency ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, Systems Theory also claims that the whole composition is in constant engagement with its environment and continues to find balance with
its environment at all times hence any disturbance on elementary level would force the composition to find new balance with its environment through
evolution. Although this theory was proposed from the field of biology but its connection with any organization and structure outside biology is
apparent. Systems Theory states that all elements are interrelated therefore any change in one element in the structure would affect one or more than
one elements in the structure or organization. Secondly, Systems Theory states that this connection between the elements is nonlinear which means
that sometimes a small change in one element would be translated as huge change in affected elements or that huge change in one element would be
translated as little change in affected elements. Therefore it can be said that each component of the actual organization is, first of all, interrelated and,
secondly, share a nonlinear relationship. This makes the concept of variables and understanding of those variables nearly impossible from the
perspective of substantiated theories of organization and the claimed predictability of those theories about the structure of those organizations. This
revolutionized the understanding of control, especially the concepts of centralized and decentralized control,

209 Complex Number System
Task #3: SUBDOMAIN 209.3 – PRECALCULUS
Competency 209.3.1: Complex Number System
Jennifer Moore
Western Governor's University
"Complex does not mean complicated" (Math is Fun, 2014). Complex means a combination of numbers. These combinations of numbers that form a
complex number consists of real numbers and imaginary numbers. The complex number system is an extension of the real number system because it
introduces the imaginary number system to the real number system. The complex number system can be visualized in two dimensions and the
numbers within the system can be plotted using a Cartesian plane. However, the axes are not exactly the same as a traditional Cartesian plane (x–axis
and y–axis). To plot the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The real number system consists of five subsets of numbers (Blitzer, 2013). The first subset is natural numbers; natural numbers consist of positive
counting numbers not including zero. The second subset is whole numbers; whole numbers consist of zero and natural numbers. The third subset is
integers; integers are positive and negative whole numbers, as well as zero. The fourth subset is rational numbers; rational numbers are numbers that
can be written in fraction form. The fifth and last subset is irrational numbers; irrational numbers are numbers that are not a perfect square, do not have
a repeating or terminating decimal, and are not included in the whole numbers subset (Blitzer, 2013). Rational and irrational numbers are often the most
difficult to understand out of these 5 subsets of real numbers. Simply put, rational numbers are any numbers that can be re–written as a simple fraction,
and if a number cannot be defined as rational then it is defined as irrational. For example, the number 7 is a rational number because it can be
re–written as , which is a simple fraction. The number 2.5 is also defined as rational because it can be re–written as , which, again, is a simple fraction.
However, if the number ПЂ were defined, it would have to be irrational since it has neither a repeating decimal nor a terminating decimal, and cannot
be written as a simple fraction.

A Route Through A Maze
Solution 1,
The solution for Problem Set 1, required a route through a maze. Elkner et al. (2010) suggested that, "A program is a sequence of instructions that
specifies how to perform a computation." Given this information, it was concluded that rules and disciplines were required in order for the knight to
understand and process any instructions given to it. Having prior knowledge that the knight would foremost, need a full understanding of movement as
a program platform, it was evaluated, that rotational 360o axis was attached as a second layer to the maze, this accommodated to calculate how many
degrees the knight would need to turn as it progressed through the maze; leaving an understanding of full movement understanding (see Appendix C).
A solution to this was to complete and record all of the movements in a Microsoft Excel chart. The chart would record how many movements the
knight would have to take, how many steps were required, whether to turn left 90o or turn right 90o and movements up or down. The decision was
also made to declare that each square the knight had completed, would be recorded as 1 step and whether the knight turned or moved multiple steps,
each procedure would be recorded as 1 movement (see Appendix A).
Using this method, I created a cognitive solution or pathway to a complex maze. Its simplicity produced a visual instruction on which directional
momentum or pivot the knight would need to move in order to reach the Princess in the centre of

Life And Nature Are Very Similar. Both Are Complex, Yet
Life and nature are very similar. Both are complex, yet simple, both are beautiful, and both are all around, yet cannot be created artificially. The
constitution of both is often explored in different forms of art, such as poetry. In her poem, "Nature" Is What We See, Emily Dickinson uses
personification, imagery, contrast, and an extensive use of dashes to convey the theme of nature's dangerous beauty and incredible simplicity, as well as
its extreme complexity and the completeness of its unattainability.
By personifying nature as a woman, the author captures some of the "mystery" associated with women, adding to the mystique of nature. Throughout
history, nature has often been seen as a woman. This is evidenced in Greek Mythology when ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She shows how it encompasses not only the vast expanses of the seas, but also the small, simple squirrel. By using these examples, she demonstrates
how truly improbable it is for any human art, mind, or definition to completely see nature in its entirety. Nature is a mystery that humans are unable
to solve, yet we continue to try. The complexity of nature is too alluring to the human mind to leave to its own devices. Instead, we analyze it. One
way we do this is to write about it. For example, we use imagery in poems to describe it, just as Emily Dickinson did.
The use of imagery throughout the poem allows the author to display her perspective on the simplicity of nature. When she describes nature, she
often uses small animals, such as a squirrel and a bird called a bobolink, as examples. She then builds on those images with things such as the sea and
thunder to add to the effect she created in her poem. Taken by themselves, these creatures and things are simple. However, because she uses all of them
together in sequence to describe one concept, the image grows more complex. It creates a sense of contrast that complicates the image, giving it more
substance and allowing it to take on a more complete form. These contrasts are all throughout the poem.
The various contrasts all through the poem suggest the vast complexity involved in the concept of nature. By mentioning a cricket and then thunder
immediately

Philosophy Of Religion : Critically Evaluating The...
Philosophy of Religion
Critically evaluating the Argument from Design
C3182916, Paul Sater,
University of Newcastle Callaghan
Essay one The Argument from design or also known as the Teleological argument (Telos: Purpose, Teleology: Study of something's purpose or design)
is endowed on the assumption of a God or creator which has intelligently and elegantly designed the universe to such intricate and fine detail. In which
argues that something so immaculately designed for example the structural complexity and delegacy of the eye, can only be as a direct result of an
intelligent designer or (God). The argument from design is a collection of empirical and inductive arguments that identify characteristics found in
natural objects and infer God as the cause.
The Argument from design is analogous in nature and can be envisioned through key philosopher William Paley (1743–1809). With his argument of
intelligent design acknowledged as the "classical" statement in coupled with his natural theology (1802). Additionally we will explore other forms of
the argument from design in a more contemporary version. These consist of Hugh Ross' Fine–tuning of the universe in reference to his published book
The Creator and the Cosmos (1999), and the explanation of how the theory of evolution by natural selection attempts to account for the rise in complex
organisms and natural structures without inferring to the concept of an intelligent designer. Lastly, exploring a critical discussion of

The Fundamental Logic behind Intelligent Design
"Where did that come from?" Is an innocuous enough question in mundane circumstances, but when applied to something as complex as the human
race – and by proxy, to all life – the issue becomes incredibly clouded. The argument that humans and the material universe they inhabit resulted from
the conscious and deliberate actions of an outside entity can sound at least passably convincing, even if one is determined to accept biological evolution
as an established fact. It is fairly easy to dismiss literal Biblical creationism as irrelevant and/or inappropriate for the discussion of science, but it is
harder to object to the formulation of a more sophisticated view that the universe's form and structure shows signs of having been designed. To... Show
Behe also noted that, "An irreducibly complex system cannot be produced ... by slight, successive modifications of a precursor system, because
any precursor to an irreducibly complex system that is missing a part is by definition nonfunctional.... Since natural selection can only choose
systems that are already working, if a biological system cannot be produced gradually it would have to arise as an integrated unit, in one fell swoop,
for natural selection to have anything to act on." Harkening back to Bob and his lottery winnings, the probability that irreducibly complex systems
would just happen to evolve along Darwinian lines is sufficiently small that we can rationally rule it out as an explanation for irreducible biological
complexity [2]. One of the main poster children for human origins is the ape: The theory being that humans and apes evolved from a shared common
ancestor. As rational and tempting as it may be to cite the fossil record as evidence that humans evolved over a long period of time, the fossil record is
hardly incompatible with intelligent design theory. Complex designs – such as the body of a primate – by their nature contain large amounts of
specified and multifarious information. In regards to the creation of life, this means that the intelligent agent behind the design can quickly imbue the
biosphere with large amounts of malleable genetic information. If this took place in the

Pros And Disadvantages Of Evolution
Serious scientific publications disputing evolution are all but nonexistent. Most claims that deniers of the evolution manage to come up with are
effortlessly refuted with the help of logic and common sense. Even if their objections are flimsy, the sheer number and diversity of the claims
challenging the ideas of evolution can put even well–informed people at a disadvantage. One of the strongest arguments providing grounds for
doubting evolution is so–called "irreducible complexity" which says that living things have tremendously complex features – at the anatomical, cellular
and molecular levels – that could not function if they were any less intricate or sophisticated. This argument may be considered quite strong because
even Charles Darwin wrote in chapter 6 of his famous work "On the Origin of Species": "If it could be dРµmonstrated that any complex organ existed,
which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down."[5]
Indeed, many people find it difficult to imagine how from two elementary notions – random mutation, and the filtering power of the environment –
have emerged, over millennia, such marvels as eyes, the wings of birds and the human brain. According toMichael Behe, researcher of biochemistry
and professor at Lehigh University in Pennsylvania, evolution simply cannot produce complex structures in a single generation as would be required
for the formation of irreducibly complex

Thoreau Essay example
Henry David Thoreau was man of simplicity, and if he were to experience life in Cary, he would not only be surprised, but disappointed in humanity
itself. Thoreau believed in the necessities of life, nothing more, and the people of Cary live lives exactly the opposite. Cary residents live lives of
material possessions, business, and over–complexity. These traits of society are precisely opposite of Thoreau's ... Show more content on
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Indeed, we toil the best of our days, and "fritter away our lives by detail. ( )", in order to earn the perishable items we acquire by destroying the
ever resilient gift we have been given. We all live "meanly, likes ants... ( )", and we forget to stop and look at our lives from a different perspective.
In fact, our minds are constipated with thoughts we entertain to feel important, and do the job, to once again achieve greatness through our "things."
Our lives are so complex for such unjust reasons, and we all ponder the question that a wise man once asked, "why, should we live with such hurry
and waste of life? ( )"
Furthermore, our lives are lived so shallowly and are filled with the frail, irrelevant things, and not the pulp of life. We think of time as the last peanut
butter remaining in the jar we go scraping for, whereas Thoreau views time as "the stream I go a–fishing in. ( )" Thoreau stresses simplicity, yet we only
feel important by living complexity. The people of Cary live lives almost equivalent to that of bees. We work hard, but relax almost never. We have
five televisions, but not five minutes to spare. In the eyes of the people of Cary, complexity is modern.
Again, Thoreau would look upon Cary as a symbol of the society of disgrace, for we are constantly conquered by our schedules, obsessed with our
toys, and

Reflections On Barron And Kenny
Reflections on Barron & Kenny's 1986 article "The Moderator–Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic,
and Statistical Considerations"
The relationships between independent and dependent variables can be very complex. Moderation and mediation is one way to make sense of this
complexity, but add a level of complexity of their own. Due to this complexity, psychological researchers can be unclear on the differences of the terms
and use them in an inaccurate and misleading fashion, indicating that a moderation is a mediation and a mediation is a moderation. The authors make the
differences clear through explaining that a moderator allows for changing direction or strength of relationship, while ... Show more content on
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A hypothesis might read that the relationship between self–kindness and depression is accounted for in part by self–kindness leading to more resilience
which leads to less depression. This mediation is different than than a recent moderation effect in another study where level of perceived social
support acts as a moderator on the relationship between a participant's level of perceived stress on the previous day and their pain level on the
following day. If a participant has more social support, the relationship between their previous day level of perceived stress and current day pain
level is reduced compared to if they have less perceived social support. This seems to be obviously a moderator rather than a mediator because level
of perceived social support is changing the slope of the regression line. The relationship between the independent or predictor variable and the
dependent or outcome variable is stronger or weaker depending on the level of the mediator. It is also possible for the relationship to change direction
depending on the mediator. This seems to further separate moderator from mediator as level of a mediator would not change the relationship between
the predictor and

Gawande 'The Checklist Manifesto': Handling Complexity
Gawande overall, states the importance of using a checklist in his book The Checklist Manifesto connecting to the problem of extreme complexity. In
this modern world complexity can hit hard and danger patients for example, the medical field. Medicine becomes complex as there can be ways on
how medicine is prepared or when it needs to be used. Handling complexity brings up a solution that splits up tasks and gives the tasks to different
specialties. However as mention in The Checklist Manifesto, "But even divided up, the work can become over whelming (Gawande 20). This can get
worst as team work and communication can be disrupted. The different specialists might be seen as a hierarchy which can worsen communication to
the point where a doctor doesn't follow a nurse's suggestion for the idea that a doctor knows what they are doing. ... Show more content on
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The idea of practice makes perfect can be inspiring to those who want to succeed. However Gladwell mentions, "That's on a par with Bill Gates getting
unlimited access to a time–share terminal at age thirteen (Gladwell 66). Gladwell mentions that the reason most of these people are so successful is
just luck. Luck and luck where opportunities are just thrown at someone. The 10, 000–hour rule does have the right point to tell people that hard work
does pay off which it does. But, according to Gladwell luck can also just be the reason for success. How it connects to problem of extreme complexity
is that the 10,000–hour rule shows that practicing for hours can help someone become an expert on a certain field but the complexity of reaching to
the expert level does take time but also opportunities which revolves around internships or other opportunities s that can lead go success. The point that
complexity can be a barrier to those who don't get a lucky opportunity, but rely on their amount of hours of

Justice In Medieval Europe
All through history, many complex and non–complex questions come about. Many of these questions like, what is justice? These questions are very
complex and are hard to answer. This is because the answers change because of many factors like time, evidence, place and ideas. For example, your
idea of justice may be different then someone from a different culture or place as you. Although, overall there is no definite answer to the questions.
The answer may be generally the same. For example, what is justice? Justice is the maintenance or administration of what is just especially by the
impartial adjustment of conflicting claims or the assignment of merited rewards or punishments. This can differ from person to person based on their
beliefs, but overall be generally the same. Justice in Medieval Europe is primarily based on evidence left behind, such as court records and laws.... Show
These documents helped resolve conflicts and establish order, but also showed inequalities of some of the systems. Medieval European law was based
on old Germanic ideas and customs, but it was also influenced by the ancient Roman law system, these ideas are very complex and consisted of horrible
punishments.
Justice in Medieval Europe started from the fall of the Western Modern Empire, it became very difficult to manage law and order situations in the
smaller kingdoms initiated by the Barbarians. The spread of religious movements of Christianity and Islamism made it even more challenging. To
give protection of the kingdom, kings transferred power to knights and barons. The lower class of ordinary people like peasants and serfs accepted
their rule to attain protection against invaders and rival kingdoms. This gave rise to feudalism and their overall justice system. European Feudalism
was made from elements of the roman Regine. "Roman villas and their land were granted to military leaders on a temporary basis as a reward for
their loyalty to Rome and the

Throughout the age of science and theology, there has been...
Throughout the age of science and theology, there has been a constant controversial debate regarding the existence of an intelligent designer,
specifically, the idea of irreducibly complex systems. Michael Behe defines this as "a single system composed of several well–matched, interacting
parts that contribute to the basic function, wherein the removal of any one of the parts causes the system to effectively cease functioning... An
irreducibly complex biological system, if there is such a thing, would be a powerful challenge to Darwinian evolution" (Behe, p. 39). On one side, most
Christians believe that God, as the intelligent designer, is responsible for all that earth inhabits, including their biological systems in which they live by.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When reviewing the different responses, there was a majority of support for the notion of the existence of an intelligent designer. There were some
compelling arguments, including a few that conversed about the flagella of bacteria. One of my peers brought up the point that the flagella has quite an
interesting make–up that allows it to have various functions in its individual components. Its ability "to cause locomotion of bacteria" is stunning
because "the chances of all that machinery coming together in the proper manner are next to none." The molecular motor of the bacterial flagellum is
amazing in its interior design as how every component compliments one another. With the existence of a completely complex, irreducible system in the
flagellum, it is difficult not to believe that there could have been an intelligent designer behind the whole process. Another idea that is in support of
intelligent design is DNA. Specifically, the transcription and translation process in DNA. The driving factor in the DNA argument is the presence of
the enzymes. This is because without the enzymes, there would be missing functions and undesired results. Either that or "the process itself would be
immensely slowed down or simply stopped." The ability for DNA to spontaneously fold, unfold, and form is a highly

According To Ward Goodenough's The Interpretation Of Culture
One of the most significant and controversial elements found within the study of music is the representation of culture. Although the definition of
representation according to Merriam–Webster is "a person or group that speaks or acts for or in support of another person or group," it is not as easily
said than done. The true act of representing another is both incredibly complex and challenging as it contains many subjective variables. History, for
example, has demonstrated the complexity of defining what is true representation through the presence of leaders and authoritative figures who have
failed to truthfully represent the common man. As a result, the people who have no outlet for expression are represented unjustly by those who do.
Similarly, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus, culture has become more located in the discussion and ways in which demonstrate such complexity than truly demonstrating the complexities of
man. It is presumed that in order for true representation to exist, it must be complex and contain many variables in order to be true. One of the most
prominent questions surrounding representation in ethnography is how to convey complexity, especially in a culture that is so vast. But if complexity
becomes the root of representation, then representation can very easily become fixated over how to cover all aspects of a culture and to focus more on
the scientific analysis and processes of articulating the traditions found within a culture than the actual people found within the culture. Complexity,
although still a significant factor in representation, can lead to an deviation away from what the true focus of representation should be: the people.
Even though representation does indeed contain many complex factors and unanswered questions, the focus of a study should not centralize solely on
how to answer such questions. The complexity of representation should instead be found within the thick descriptions of what can be simply answered:
the emotions and beliefs of the people. The only form of complexity found within representation should be found within the thick descriptions of man,
By doing so, the complexities of man becomes the focus of what true representations involves instead of the complexity of representation in and of
itself. Therefore, representation is and should be a connection to the people: the source of what truly should be represented in the study of any

Guns, Germs, And Steel By Jared Diamond
Throughout history, the circumstances that people were born into were not equal. While some were born on hospitable lands where people and
animals could flourish, others were born on desolate and isolated lands that proved unsuitable for plants and livestock. These uncontrollable
circumstances as well as others created the different types of lifestyles that people live by. Through the book Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond
illustrates the five themes of world history by explaining a chain of effects stemming from the first people interacting with their given environments.
Diamond aimed to show his view that the social and racial hierarchy of the present only developed because of the conditions different groups of
people had to cope... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Amazonian Indians and Pacific Islanders, however, were not able to develop these kinds of diseases, since they lived a nomadic lifestyle devoid of
complex agriculture. Because they constantly moved in small groups, did not settle down, and did not live in close proximity with domesticated
animals, they were unable to develop the bacteria that led to diseases, like the Eurasians did, leading to the gap in disease vulnerability. This example
supports Diamond's argument because it correlates with his thesis that people became a certain way due to arbitrary circumstantial happenings. The
occurrence of diseases from animals to human beings happened by chance in Eurasia, and not in other places such as Australia. The conditions just
happened to be right in Eurasia for germs to develop, since there were more domesticable plants and animals there. Additionally, the spread of diseases
was much quicker across that continent compared to any other. I chose this example because diseases played a big determining factor in whether a
conquest would be successful or not. Diamond depicts the theme development and interactions of cultures best in chapter 12 (Blueprints and Borrowed
Letters). In this chapter, he talks about systems of writings and how they have changed as well as spread between cultures. Acknowledging the
complexity of devising a

Research Paper On Calligraphy
Intro:
Hook:
Preview of ideas:
Calligraphy– Calligraphy allows self expression make–up brushes–
Pottery–
Thesis: The Japanese aesthetics of irregularity and simplicity manifest in the artistic creations in calligraphy, make–up brushes and pottery. Through an
examination of the both the process by which these items are created as well as the final object made, the soul and personality of the creator emerges.
Paragraph 1:Caligraphy– Irregularity
Each Japanese Calligrapher reveals a part of their soul through each unique stroke. A message bigger than the words written is told through the width,
length and curvature of a calligrapher's stoke. Every calligrapher's style can be seen through the irregularities in their work. In Hannah Peck's Pecha ...
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The Japanese atheistic of simplicity is present within the tools. Each tool has one simple job, however, no brush or paper is made the same as well as
the artists who use them. In Hannah's pecha kucha, she explains the beginning of the process of calligraphy. Hannah mentions the importance of the
brushes in calligraphy and their connection to simplicity. She analyzes,
"Furthermore, no two artists are the same. Each one possesses his or hers own preference and style; some brushes are incredibly elegant with family
names inscribed on the handles. Well others appear as if they were made from a stick of bamboo. Ultimately it does not matter how expensive a tool
may be but rather what can be accomplished with that tool."
The calligrapher's brush manifests the artist him or herself. Whether the artist wishes to have elegant brushes or simple bamboo brushes, they all have
one simple job, to write. The beauty of the brush does not matter, but rather the work done with the brush. The work created with the tool rather than
their supplies reveal how the Japanese value humility as well as the simplicity of the work. A simple movement of the brush on the paper creates a
peaceful state of mind for the artists. It is a feeling of simple joy when the brush moves along the hand–made paper. The treasured Japanese paper is
different from American paper. Machines create smooth,

The Content Area Of Science
Reading in the content area has been in the forefront of education. Researches have not shied away from collecting and examining current data
pertaining to this topic. The literature researched examines a myriad of principles pertaining to reading in the content area of science. This review will
focus on four major themes: the syntactical and lexical complexity of comprehension, the close reading of science text, and the construction of
science–based writing. While the literature reviewed could fulfill the needs of multiple content areas, this review hones in on the content area of
science at a sixth grade level.
The integration of literacy into content areas is not always well received by educators. For some this is unknown waters in ... Show more content on
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In the content area of science a student utilizes a given text and experiences, which leads to comprehension: "In the development of student science
texts, there is a tension between conceptual explicitness (which often requires more complex syntactical realizations and rare, concept–orientated
vocabulary words) and linguistic simplicity (which generally requires less complex syntax realizations and simpler vocabulary)" (Arya, Hiebert, &
Pearson, 2011).
Prior knowledge part of all literacy, but it is pivotal in science texts, which are based on observations and experiments. Collaborative strategic reading
supports establishing and activating the prior knowledge needed to comprehend scientific texts. Previewing holds a vital place within instruction when
establishing the purpose of reading, as well as utilizing a student's prior knowledge to aid in building connections with the text (Boardman, Klingner,
Buckley, Annamma, & Lasser, 2015). Psalms 34:8 states "taste and see that the LORD is good" (New International Version). Once you have seen and
experienced the goodness of the Lord you cannot go on living without proclaiming this goodness. Through literacy and scientific observation it is hard
for a student not to associate with the experiences they have seen.
The syntax proposed to students in upper elementary science textbooks is not geared towards comprehension, but the delivery of information that must
be digested by students through other

The Basic Conflict Between Evolutionism And Creationism
The basic conflict between evolutionism and creationism is whether humans and other organisms have undergone cumulative minor changes
throughout many generations or that the state of all organisms is predetermined in their present state by a deity. Before the advent of evolution by
natural selection as first suggested by Charles Darwin in his publication: The Origin of Species, people believed that the apparent complexity of the
world demanded an intelligent designer. Since Abrahamic religions (Christianity, Judaism, Islam) were dominant during the majority of this time,
people often described this creator as being omnipotent, omniscient, and omnibenevolent. For convenience, I may refer to this as an all–PKG God, as
Sober does in the text.
One approach that many traditional creationists argued for is that the complexity of the world cannot be explained by random events occurring. An
example of an argument from design is Paley 's Watch (Sober, 61). Paley argues using the analogy that if one were to find a watch on a beach, you
have two hypotheses as to how the watch came into existence. Either the waves and sand on the beach had randomly interacted with one another to
create the intricate timekeeping instrument, also know as a Random Hypothesis. Or that the watch was designed and created by a sufficiently
intelligent being. Paley makes a strong argument against the Random Hypothesis by using the Surprise Principle (Sober, 34). The principle states that
given two hypotheses,

Literary Analysis Of The Heart Of Darkness
The overall meaning of the paragraph, that connects to the overall meaning of the novel, is that the average person has a deep resonance with the
natives and their "savagery" lying within our minds and hearts. Marlow has crumbles of this mentality through his journey,when he comes into contact
with the natives on various occasions, and is able to distinguish an odd relationship between the denizen and the citizen. In this particular instance, as
Marlow travels to through the Congo River on a steam boat, he is able to meet and interact with the African natives, both on and off the steamboat.
With the various interactions, he slowly finds himself learning about the social interactions that the natives have and are capable of, and has his
previous mental notions and structures of the community shaken and reconstructed. Finally, Marlow comes to conclusion; both the average city
dweller and African native share a link of ancestry, humanity, and are no internal difference between one another. The only difference that can be found
is based of societal expectations and thinking that fools people into believing that the two are not mutual in any degree, which would be the root of evil
practices, such as dehumanization. Conrad has a keen eye for the particular lengths and punctuations being used throughout the novel, and can be
clearly identified within the given paragraph. Through literary techniques–such as syntax–Conrad is able to implore the audience to realize such a
mindset, and

King Of The Dirtbags And Wendell Berry's An Entrance To...
The interconnection between the human race and nature is complex, and can be interpreted an infinite amount of ways. Mark Jenkins' 'King of the
Dirtbags' and Wendell Berry's 'An Entrance to the Woods' are both very similar in the ways they represent philosophical ideas regarding the relationship
between the modern man and nature. Both literary pieces discuss the benefits of simplicity, and explain how mankind has a tendency to overcomplicate
much of what they develop. The two authors also share the idea in their writings that the ability to adapt to different environments is a crucial trait in
evolution and progression as a society. Another major concept that is prevalent in both of the author's pieces is that man must be able to reach beyond
his comfort zone to understand nature's consistency throughout time. Both Berry and Jenkins express how important simplicity is in the journey of a
life in close connection with nature, although they depict different mental images in their writings, they have the same meaning. In Jenkins writing he
depicts Yvon Chouinard as a man who is very connected with his natural surroundings, describing him as a person who is constantly looking how to
make things "better, simpler, lighter and more environmentally friendly" (575). It is made very clear from this quote that both Chouinard and Jenkins
find simplicity an invaluable characteristic to not only helping nature, but being a part of it. Jenkins further develops this idea when he talks more
about Chouinard's feelings: "To him the ascent became more elegant each time something unnecessary was eliminated" (578). Berry displays this
mutual feeling as he describes his emotional state while alone in the wilderness when he states, "The absence of human society, that made me so
uneasy last night, now begins to be a comfort to me. I am afoot in the woods. I am alive in the world, this moment, without the help or the
interference of any machine" (726). In this brief excerpt from Berry's writing, he explains how the absence of a complex human society makes him
feel more connected to his natural surroundings as he is at his simplest state, his most "irreducible self" (726).
Adaption is another key to an unabridged relationship with

Implementing A Systems Theory : A System Theory
Implementing a Systems Theory In order for any organization to be successful, they must find effective ways to change systems and policies that are
ineffective in creating a successful environment. A system consists of four things, elements, attributes, internal relationships, and the system
environment. The systems theory is transdisciplinary study of the abstract organization of phenomena, independent of their substance, type, or spatial
or temporal scale of existence (Heylighen & Joslyn, 1992). The study investigates all the principals common to all complex bodies, and the models
which can be used to describe them. Von Bertalanffy (1971) was the creator of the "system" concept, he developed this idea as an answer to the
limitations of individual disciplines in addressing complex social issues (Mitchell, 2005). The underlining principal of this theory is that an
organization consists of multiple, interdependent parts that collectively form more than the sum of their parts. Developed from the systems theory, are
three separate theories with the basis of each being the systems theory. The activity theory considers the entire program versus just one single sector, it
sees the operation as a whole instead of sub departments, it combines both micro and macro elements of the organization. The chaos theory does not
mean a chaotic hectic situation, rather a situation where there appears to be little to no order, there really is a hidden underlying order. The complexity
theory is

The Global Economy Has Become Large Size, Breadth And...
The global economy has become massive in size, breadth and diversity. There are enormous opportunities but they are also fraught with complexity.
The interconnectedness between fast growing and mature regions has vastly increased the complexity, number and range of stakeholder relationships
that must be managed. Business complexity is increasing every day. Although initiating a business is easier than a decade ago, sustaining and growing
a business is more difficult than ever. When you consider the last decades–leading organizations, some of them have already vanished or lost market
share despite their large size. Some of today 's leading organizations may not exist in the next decade due to challenges in managing complexity.
One of these ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"When you reduce complexity, you increase your ability to implement new solutions," says AndrГ© Mendes, CIO of the Special Olympics.
"Complexity leads to brittleness and high costs," notes Frank Modruson, CIO of Accenture. "But if you get your technology cleaner, you can serve the
business more easily." Today, all CIOs are standing in the path of a fire hose spewing complexity. And many are getting soaked.
Within IT, factors that increase complexity include outsourcingmanagement, the adoption of Web and consumer technologies, and support for mobile
workforces, developing and managing technology architectures and governance for those workforces, and ensuring security in a distributed
environment. Outside of IT's direct control, complexity is increased by the requirements of compliance, the need to support global business, and the
speed and depth of access to information demanded by your customers and your partners. Companies can with difficulty handle these challenges
individually, one at a time. But in the real world companies face many, if not all, of these challenges, all at once, over and over. "That's why you need
a strategy to keep complexity out of the environment. The challenge of complexity is exacerbated by the fact that many

Kurt Lewin and complexity theories: back to the future?
Joumal of Change Management,
Vol. 4, No. 4, 309–325, December 2004
i" l Kurt Lewin and complexity theories: back to the future?
BERNARD BURNES
Manchester School of Management, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology,
Manchester, UK
ABSTRACT Many writers acknowledge the significance of Kurt Lewin 's contribution to organizational change. However, over the last 20 years,
where the focus has been on rapid, transformational change, Lewin 's work has increasingly become seen as outmoded and irrelevant to the needs of
modem organizations. It might be expected that this tendency would increase as academics and practitioners draw on the work of complexity theorists
to portray organizations as
complex, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many writers have argued that organizations are also complex systems which, to survive, need to operate at the edge of chaos and have to respond
continuously to changes in their environments through just such a process of spontaneous self–organizing change (Lewis, 1994; Stickland, 1998;
Macintosh and MacLean, 1999, 2001; Hayles, 2000; Macbeth, 2002; Stacey, 2003).
This is a far cry from the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, where the received wisdom was that change was an incremental process (Quinn, 1980) and that the
best way to manage this was through Kurt Lewin 's Planned approach to change (French and
Bell, 1990; Cummings and Worley, 2001). Given its group–based, consensual and relatively slow nature. Planned change began to attract criticism in
the 1980s from those questioning its appropriateness in an era of radical organizational change
(Peters and Waterman, 1982; Wilson, 1992; Dawson, 1994; Buchanan and Storey,
1997; Hatch, 1997). The following quotation is perhaps typical of the criticisms levelled against Lewin 's approach to change:
Lewin 's model was a simple one, with organizational change involving three stages; unfreezing, changing and refreezing . . . This quaintly linear and

The Symbols Of Francis Bacon And The Cannibals
The prophet of this nation is someone who rarely comes around. He lives in the mountains. When he does go into the public, in addition to speaking
on virtues and duties, he mainly speaks on the two points, "an unfaltering courage in war and affection to their women." (Claeys and Sargent, 100)
War was important to the Cannibals as a means to protect themselves, but the Cannibals liked their simple life and did not feel the need to expand
their territory or pursue more than their nation provides. (Claeys and Sargent, 102) The warriors do cut off the head of the person they killed as a
trophy, and would cook the people and eat them simply due to pride. Thiscannibalism seems to be a big argument of French people who find the
behavior barbaric. Taking this one characteristic and ignoring all the other aspects of the civilization, leads to propaganda that the people are barbaric,
when the truth is they only celebrate their victory of war a different way. Back to the euphemism, there is more than one way to skin a cat, there is
more than one way to celebrate war. Calling the Cannibals barbaric without recognizing the barbaric way the European navigators operated is
hypocrisy. While Montaigne criticized the way Europeans behave, Francis Bacon was critical of the way Europeans thought. His utopia New Atlantis
is a utopia called Bensalem. Bacon's Utopia is based on Christianity and indirectly suggests changing the way of thinking to include religious thought.
The same principles

Annotated Bibliography Of Complexity In Health Care
An annotated Bibliography on
Complexity in Health Care
student name,
ID No. .....................
date,
name of the course,
Submitted to
Dr. .....................
Introduction The complexity of health care is increasing greatly in the 21st century. Paradox and unpredictability are always existent in complicated
systems. Moreover, there are often unknowable things in such systems. Practically, the experience of the enormouscomplexity results in disillusionment
and frustration. Flexible and creative approaches to health care must take the place of the traditional health care complexities. New tools and concepts
should be provided to face the challenges of health care. To keep up with the accelerating complexity in health care, we must react to the emergent
opportunities and patterns with flexibility. In other words, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Recently, healthcare activities are characterized among the complex systems. The article attempts to give a definition to the word "complexity". It has
a loose meaning, starting from not simple and up to complicated and intractable. Modern trends recommend further research on the study of the
environments as well as the complicated and correlated components and sub–components of the complex system of healthcare. The article also
describes the decomposability of complex health care systems with a view to make it easy for researches to carry out further studies in this particular
field. The article is a good attempt to make the approach of managing, studying and understanding complex health care systems feasible.
.
The article succeeds in the description of a suggested approach for the clear understanding of complexity in health care settings. This process depends
upon the practical and functional consideration of the relation between the components and sub–components which make up the whole system of health

The Teleological Argument For The Existence Of Intelligent...
The teleological argument successfully provides proof for the existence of intelligent design by utilizing intricate scientific data in order to demonstrate
intent and purpose in the creation of the universe, as opposed to random and highly improbable occurrences. The purpose of the teleological argument
is to present complex details of the universe as evidence that it was designed by an intelligent mind. It suggests that since the universe is so compound
and full of fine–tuned intricacies, there must have been a designer who implemented these specific details in order to create a fully functioning and
sustainable universe. These details have been found from a biological perspective, as well as from a cosmological scale. The teleological argument is
commonly used to provide evidence for the existence of the theistic God, or at least an intelligent designer. In contrast, those who are against the
teleological argument generally believe that the universe is a result of an accidental explosion. Although there are many theories that use the
teleological argument to provide strong support for intelligent design, there are also well–developed theories that oppose the teleological argument. A
philosopher who presents several contradicting arguments to the teleological argument is David Hume. In his writing, The Dialogue Concerning Natural
Religion, he presents his critique of the teleological argument and expresses his opposition through the fictional character Philo. In one of

MRAP Acquisition
As if it were not complex enough, the Defense Acquisition System (DAS) resides within a complex system. Congress, industry, and national strategy
all influence and affect the acquisition process. Mass–producing the effectiveness of the Mine–Resistant Ambush Protected vehicle (MRAP)
acquisition may tempt the amateur. However, although the unprecedented speed and strategic leader attention afforded the MRAP acquisition resulted
in relative success, the process should not be used as a model for future acquisitions. The challenge of acquisition lays in difficult–to–define metrics,
shifting policies, short–term leadership, and its position of a complex system within a system. First, measuring success and failure proves elusive,
making identifying meaningful change difficult. Perhaps because of this fact, the rules change rapidly. Since its inception in 1971, the Department of
Defense Directive (DoDD) 5000 series has been "revised more than a dozen times – a change approximately once every three years." Well–meaning
and proactive defense secretaries institute changes and then leave office prior to institutionalization. Finally, due to the complexity of the system of
systems involved, no single internal modification possesses the ability to maximize the acquisition process. These three factors alone make acquisition
–– and acquisition reform –– a Sisyphean task. Of the three factors discussed above, strategic leadership holds the most potential to effectively
influence the

The Debate over the Plausibility of Irreducible Complexity...
Irreducible Complexity
What is irreducible complexity? Michael Behe, the inventor of the term irreducible complexity, said it is 'a single system which is composed of
several interacting parts that contribute to the basic function, and where the removal of any one of the parts causes the system to effectively cease
functioning.' (Darwin's Black Box p39 in the 2006 edition) In English, irreducible complexity is a debate by proponents of intelligent design that
specific organic systems are too complex to have evolved from simpler ancestors. It argues that natural selection can not explain irreducible complexity.
Irreducible complexity is used to describe a trait of intricate systems where they need all their parts to function properly. ... Show more content on
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Mendelian genetics was developed initially by Mendel. Through his pea plants experiments. he developed 3 principles of inheritance: the first being
inheritance involves the passing of discrete units of inheritance, or genes, from parents to offspring, Second, during reproduction, the inherited factors
(now called alleles) that determine traits are separated into reproductive cells by a process called meiosis and randomly reunite during fertilization. And
third, genes located on different chromosomes will be inherited independently of each other. There are also neo–Darwinists. Evolutionists and
neo–Darwinists think very similarly, except for one thing: neo–Darwinists believe that for macroevolution to occur there would have to be added
information to the genetic code. They think that this can happen by mutation.
As a critical thinker, I do see a point or two from both sides of the arguments. I can see certain things do happened through mutations and natural
selections, however, those mutations and natural selections can't possibly cross the "species" line. How can one argue that through millions and
millions of years, humans have evolved from reptiles, or other less complex being? It has been proven through various cultures, religions, etc that
humans have souls, whereas animals, especially those less complex ones don't? How can the "souls" be added through natural

Discussing Theories And Types Of Systems

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