Slides from my Eddystone Beacons Talk with Texted Version of Live Coding Demo.

1. Eddystone Beacons Demo
Lecture on Eddystone, an open Bluetooth Smart Beacon format
from Google
+Angelo Rüggeberg
@s3xy4ngyc

2. agenda
- Introductions to Beacons
- Introduction to Eddystone
- Coding Session

3. Introduction to Beacons

4. Image: Google
Context or
exact Location

5. Location, Accuracy,
Range, and alike
Image: Google
…

6. Use Cases
Image: Estimote

7. Opportunities
Presence (e.g. sights)
Image: Google

8. Opportunities
Tracking and Securing
Image: Google

9. Opportunities
• Contextual fencing
(aka Geo-fence)
• Contextual content
(e.g. reader circle)
• …
Image: Bundesarchiv

10. Landscape
• AltBeacon
• Apple‘s property: iBeacon™
• Estimote
• Gimbal™
• PayPal™ Beacon
• yoints
• …
• Bluetooth® SIG
(Special Interest Group)
• Bluetooth® Smart Beacon
• Eddystone™
• https://github.
com/google/eddystone/tree/mast
er/branding

11. Introduction to Eddystone

12. Eddystone™, what’s so special?
Openness
• It is an open Bluetooth 4.0 protocol
• While iBeacon™ is officially
supported by iOS devices only,
Eddystone™ has official support
for both iOS and Android
Packet types / frames
• Eddystone-UID (identifier)
• Namespace as UUID
• Instance (6 bytes), much like Major
and Minor
• Eddystone-URL
• Eddystone-TLM (telemetry)
• battery voltage
• temperature
• number of packets since last reboot
• beacon uptime since last reboot

14. Hardware
Phones can become Smart Beacons
themselves
• TxEddystone-UID (Android Lollipop 5.0)
Almost all devices with BLE can
become Smart Beacons themselves
• BlueGiga BLED112 Dongle
• Cambridge Silicon Radio CSR1010 (Beacon
Development Board)
• Rfduino
• Linux (bluez)
• ARM mbed (Nordic nRF51-dongle, nRF51-DK)
• Node.js (node-eddystone-beacon using
bleno)
• Arduino (BLEPeripheral), using Nordic
Semiconductor's nRF8001 or nR51822
https://github.
com/google/eddystone/tree/master/eddyst
one-uid/tools/txeddystone-uid

15. Some Bluetooth® Facts
• Bluetooth / BLE
is a wireless protocol
• Bluetooth uses UHF radio waves in
the ISM band from 2.4 to
2.485 GHz divided into channels
with frequency hopping
• Signal strength is an indicator for
proximity (RSSI, received signal
strength indicator)
• BLE has reduced power
consumption
• Bluetooth SIG predicts more than
90% of Bluetooth-enabled
smartphones will support the low
energy standard by 2018.

18. Coding a Simple BLE Scanner

19. Prerequisites
• Real device with BLE (emulator has
no Bluetooth™ support)
• Alternative emulator http:
//stackoverflow.
com/questions/20348743/blue
tooth-low-energy-on-android-
emulator/27712017
• Android 4.3 (Jelly Bean, API Level
18)
• Android 4.4.4 (KitKat, API Level
19) fixes some issues (e.g.
https://code.google.
com/p/android/issues/detail?
id=67272)
• Android 5.0 (Lollipop, API Level
21) recommended due to some
API changes (e.g.
Advertisement and LE Scanner)

20. BLE Permissions for an App
•
<!– Allow any Bluetooth communication -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>
<!– Allow device discovery -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>
•
<uses-feature
android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le"
android:required="true“
/>

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22. public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
// Declare Bluetooth adapter
private BluetoothManager bluetoothManager;
private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;

23. public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
// Declare Bluetooth adapter
private BluetoothManager bluetoothManager;
private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;

24. @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// Initialize Bluetooth adapter
bluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.
BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
bluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
…

25. @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// Initialize Bluetooth adapter
bluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.
BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
bluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
…

26. @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// Initialize Bluetooth adapter
bluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.
BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
bluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
…

27. bluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onLeScan(BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] scanRecord) {
Log.d(TAG, "Device-Adress: " + device.getAddress());
Log.d(TAG, "RSSI: " + rssi);
}
});

28. bluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onLeScan(BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] scanRecord) {
Log.d(TAG, "Device-Adress: " + device.getAddress());
Log.d(TAG, "RSSI: " + rssi);
}
});

29. bluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onLeScan(BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] scanRecord) {
Log.d(TAG, "Device-Adress: " + device.getAddress());
Log.d(TAG, "RSSI: " + rssi);
}
});

30. bluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onLeScan(BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] scanRecord) {
Log.d(TAG, "Device-Adress: " + device.getAddress());
Log.d(TAG, "RSSI: " + rssi);
}
});

31. bluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onLeScan(BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] scanRecord) {
if(device.getAddress().equals("C1:4F:F1:FF:9B:90")) {
Log.d(TAG, "Device-Adress: " + device.getAddress());
Log.d(TAG, "RSSI: " + rssi);
}
}
});

32. bluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onLeScan(BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] scanRecord) {
if(device.getAddress().equals("C1:4F:F1:FF:9B:90")) {
Log.d(TAG, "Device-Adress: " + device.getAddress());
Log.d(TAG, "RSSI: " + rssi);
}
}
});

33. Move away from deprecated Methods

34. bluetoothLeScanner = bluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeScanner();
bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
}
@Override
public void onBatchScanResults(List<ScanResult> results) {
super.onBatchScanResults(results);
}
});

35. bluetoothLeScanner = bluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeScanner();
bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
}
@Override
public void onBatchScanResults(List<ScanResult> results) {
super.onBatchScanResults(results);
}
});

36. bluetoothLeScanner = bluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeScanner();
bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
}
@Override
public void onBatchScanResults(List<ScanResult> results) {
super.onBatchScanResults(results);
}
});

37. bluetoothLeScanner = bluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeScanner();
bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
}
@Override
public void onBatchScanResults(List<ScanResult> results) {
super.onBatchScanResults(results);
}
});

38. bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(filters, settings, new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
}
});

39. bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(filters, settings, new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
}
});

40. ScanSettings settings = new ScanSettings.Builder()
.setScanMode(ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)
.build();
List<ScanFilter> filters = new ArrayList<>();
ScanFilter filter = new ScanFilter.Builder()
.setDeviceAddress("C1:4F:F1:FF:9B:90")
.build();
filters.add(filter);

41. ScanSettings settings = new ScanSettings.Builder()
.setScanMode(ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)
.build();
List<ScanFilter> filters = new ArrayList<>();
ScanFilter filter = new ScanFilter.Builder()
.setDeviceAddress("C1:4F:F1:FF:9B:90")
.build();
filters.add(filter);

42. ScanSettings settings = new ScanSettings.Builder()
.setScanMode(ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)
.build();
List<ScanFilter> filters = new ArrayList<>();
ScanFilter filter = new ScanFilter.Builder()
.setDeviceAddress("C1:4F:F1:FF:9B:90")
.build();
filters.add(filter);

43. ScanSettings settings = new ScanSettings.Builder()
.setScanMode(ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)
.build();
List<ScanFilter> filters = new ArrayList<>();
ScanFilter filter = new ScanFilter.Builder()
.setDeviceAddress("C1:4F:F1:FF:9B:90")
.build();
filters.add(filter);

44. ScanSettings settings = new ScanSettings.Builder()
.setScanMode(ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)
.build();
List<ScanFilter> filters = new ArrayList<>();
ScanFilter filter = new ScanFilter.Builder()
.setDeviceAddress("C1:4F:F1:FF:9B:90")
.build();
filters.add(filter);

46. Coding Proximity and Presence

47. There is only one packet format for BLE
which

48. Payload consists of 2 Bytes Header, 6
Bytes Mac Address and up to 31 Bytes
data.

49. Image: Google

50. Fixed: 02 01 06 03 03 aa fe
Length: 15
Fixed: 16 aa fe
Frame Type: 00
TX Power: ed
Namespace: ed d1 eb ea c0 4e 5d ef a0 17
Instance: c5 61 2a 8c c2 53
... 04 09
... 45 53 54 03 03
Bat. Service: 0f 18 0e
... 16 0a 18
Mac: 53 c2 8c 2a 61 c5
... 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

51. Fixed: 02 01 06 03 03 aa fe
Length: 11
Fixed: 16 aa fe
Frame Type: 20
Version: 00
Volt: 0c 06
Temo: 13 00
Adv. Count: 00 0f 70 77
Sec. Count: 00 14 4e 70
... 04 09
... 45 53 54 03 03
Bat. Service: 0f 18 0e
... 16 0a 18
Mac: 53 c2 8c 2a 61 c5
... 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

52. // The Eddystone Service UUID, 0xFEAA.
private static final ParcelUuid EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_UUID
= ParcelUuid.fromString("0000FEAA-0000-1000-8000-
00805F9B34FB");
// Eddystone frame types
private static final byte TYPE_UID = 0x00;
private static final byte TYPE_URL = 0x10;
private static final byte TYPE_TLM = 0x20;

53. // The Eddystone Service UUID, 0xFEAA.
private static final ParcelUuid EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_UUID
= ParcelUuid.fromString("0000FEAA-0000-1000-8000-
00805F9B34FB");
// Eddystone frame types
private static final byte TYPE_UID = 0x00;
private static final byte TYPE_URL = 0x10;
private static final byte TYPE_TLM = 0x20;

54. // The Eddystone Service UUID, 0xFEAA.
private static final ParcelUuid EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_UUID
= ParcelUuid.fromString("0000FEAA-0000-1000-8000-
00805F9B34FB");
// Eddystone frame types
private static final byte TYPE_UID = 0x00;
private static final byte TYPE_URL = 0x10;
private static final byte TYPE_TLM = 0x20;

55. // The Eddystone Service UUID, 0xFEAA.
private static final ParcelUuid EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_UUID
= ParcelUuid.fromString("0000FEAA-0000-1000-8000-
00805F9B34FB");
// Eddystone frame types
private static final byte TYPE_UID = 0x00;
private static final byte TYPE_URL = 0x10;
private static final byte TYPE_TLM = 0x20;

56. // The Eddystone Service UUID, 0xFEAA.
private static final ParcelUuid EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_UUID
= ParcelUuid.fromString("0000FEAA-0000-1000-8000-
00805F9B34FB");
// Eddystone frame types
private static final byte TYPE_UID = 0x00;
private static final byte TYPE_URL = 0x10;
private static final byte TYPE_TLM = 0x20;

57. •
•
Image: Estimote

58. bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(filters, settings, new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
byte[] data = result.getScanRecord().getServiceData(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_UUID);
byte frameType = data[0];
if (frameType != TYPE_TLM) {
return;
}
// Beacon temperature
double temp = new BigInteger(Arrays.copyOfRange(data, 4, 6)).intValue() /
256.0;
Log.d(TAG, String.format("%.2f°C", temp));
}
});

59. bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(filters, settings, new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
byte[] data = result.getScanRecord().getServiceData(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_UUID);
byte frameType = data[0];
if (frameType != TYPE_TLM) {
return;
}
// Beacon temperature
double temp = new BigInteger(Arrays.copyOfRange(data, 4, 6)).intValue() /
256.0;
Log.d(TAG, String.format("%.2f°C", temp));
}
});

60. bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(filters, settings, new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
byte[] data = result.getScanRecord().getServiceData(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_UUID);
byte frameType = data[0];
if (frameType != TYPE_TLM) {
return;
}
// Beacon temperature
double temp = new BigInteger(Arrays.copyOfRange(data, 4, 6)).intValue() /
256.0;
Log.d(TAG, String.format("%.2f°C", temp));
}
});

61. bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(filters, settings, new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
byte[] data = result.getScanRecord().getServiceData(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_UUID);
byte frameType = data[0];
if (frameType != TYPE_TLM) {
return;
}
// Beacon temperature
double temp = new BigInteger(Arrays.copyOfRange(data, 4, 6)).intValue() /
256.0;
Log.d(TAG, String.format("%.2f°C", temp));
}
});

62. Fixed: 02 01 06 03 03 aa fe
Length: 11
Fixed: 16 aa fe
Frame Type: 20
Version: 00
Volt: 0c 06
Temo: 13 00
Adv. Count: 00 0f 70 77
Sec. Count: 00 14 4e 70
... 04 09
... 45 53 54 03 03
Bat. Service: 0f 18 0e
... 16 0a 18
Mac: 53 c2 8c 2a 61 c5
... 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

63. bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(filters, settings, new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
byte[] data = result.getScanRecord().getServiceData(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_UUID);
byte frameType = data[0];
if (frameType != TYPE_TLM) {
return;
}
// Beacon temperature
double temp = new BigInteger(Arrays.copyOfRange(data, 4, 6)).intValue() /
256.0;
Log.d(TAG, String.format("%.2f°C", temp));
}
});

64. bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(filters, settings, new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
byte[] data = result.getScanRecord().getServiceData(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_UUID);
byte frameType = data[0];
if (frameType != TYPE_TLM) {
return;
}
// Beacon temperature
double temp = new BigInteger(Arrays.copyOfRange(data, 4, 6)).intValue() /
256.0;
Log.d(TAG, String.format("%.2f°C", temp));
}
});

65. bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(filters, settings, new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
byte[] data = result.getScanRecord().getServiceData(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_UUID);
byte frameType = data[0];
if (frameType != TYPE_TLM) {
return;
}
// Beacon temperature
double temp = new BigInteger(Arrays.copyOfRange(data, 4, 6)).intValue() /
256.0;
Log.d(TAG, String.format("%.2f°C", temp));
}
});

66. Outlook and helpers

67. ,
etc.
http://on.google.com/hub/

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69. Image: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zinkh%C3%BCtter_Hof_Messing_Werkzeuge.jpg