fertilization

1. FERTILISATION
What is
Fertilisation???
Definition:
Fertilisation is the fusion of the nuclei in a sperm
and an egg to form a new life.
After ovulation, the egg is caught in the funnel of
the oviduct. Very slowly, the egg travels toward
the uterus. Cilia lining the oviduct help to sweep
it along. Muscles in the wall of the oviduct also
help to move it, by producing gentle rippling
movements.

2. Fertilisation
Human life begins at fertilisation.
Fertilisation is the union of a sperm and an
egg usually in the fallopian tube to
form a fertilised egg or zygote.

3. How are Babies Made?
uterus
egg
ovary
testis
fertilised egg
embryo
uterus
penis
vagina
uterus
bladder
penis is
inserted into
the vagina
during sexual
intercourse
millions of sperm are
released from the penis are
are deposited in the vagina
sperms swim from vagina
up the uterus and into the
fallopian tubes; many
sperms die before reaching
these tubes
if a sperm meets an egg in a
fallopian tube, fertilisation
takes place; only one sperm
will fertilise the egg
the fertilised egg/zygote begins to
divide to form a small ball of cells
the small ball of cells
(now embryo) moves
down the fallopian tube
and enters the uterus

4. A New Life is Born
When a woman is going to have a baby, she is said to be
pregnant. A pregnancy lasts for about 38 weeks (9
months). – gestation period
During implantation, the embryo
reaches the uterus and attaches
itself onto the wall of the uterus.
Cell division continues.
First week

5. A New Life is Born
When a woman is going to have a baby, she is said to be
pregnant. A pregnancy lasts for about 38 weeks (9
months).
After the placenta develops in the wall of
the uterus, the embryo joins to via an
umbilical cord. The embryo receives
food and oxygen from the mother and
pass waste substances back through
the umbilical cord and placenta. The
placenta also stops infections and
harmful substances from reaching the
embryo. A surrounding liquid also
protects the embryo.
After 2 weeks

6. A New Life is Born
When a woman is going to have a baby, she is said to be
pregnant. A pregnancy lasts for about 38 weeks (9
months).
Eyes, arms and legs begin to
form. A little tail is also visible.
After 4 weeks

7. A New Life is Born
When a woman is going to have a baby, she is said to be
pregnant. A pregnancy lasts for about 38 weeks (9
months).
Nose, ears and fingers can be seen.
After 7 weeks

8. A New Life is Born
When a woman is going to have a baby, she is said to be
pregnant. A pregnancy lasts for about 38 weeks (9
months).
Embryo looks like a baby. From this
stage until birth, embryo is called a
foetus.
After 11 weeks

9. A New Life is Born
When a woman is going to have a baby, she is said to be
pregnant. A pregnancy lasts for about 38 weeks (9
months).
The foetus looks more and more like
a human baby. The fingers and toes
can be seen clearly.
After 20 weeks

10. A New Life is Born
When a woman is going to have a baby, she is said to be
pregnant. A pregnancy lasts for about 38 weeks (9
months).
After about 9 months, the
baby is born.
After 38 weeks

11. A New Life is Born
muscles of
uterus
When the baby is about to be born, the
head of the baby faces down. Muscles in
the uterus push the baby down.
The membrane around the foetus breaks
and the liquid comes out.
membrane around
the foetus
Mother uses her muscles to push the baby
out of the vagina. Baby comes out with the
umbilical cord attached. Doctor cuts and
ties the cord. Placenta is released from the
vagina as it is no longer needed.
umbilical cord
placenta
vagina