What specific mutation is in each of the following proto-oncogenes: A)EGF receptor, B) Ras, C) Src kinase, would cause them to become oncogenes? Explain. Solution A) The most common EGFR mutations are deletion of exon 19 which converts the EGFR proto oncogene to oncogene that leads to lung cancer. B) Ras proto-oncogene encodes a protein that receives and transfers signals required for cell division. Mutation at amino acid position 12 or 61 causes formation of oncoprotein that leads to uncontrolled cell division. Thus mutation of amino acid 12 or 61 converts Ras proto-oncogene to oncogene. C) A truncating mutation of codon 531 of SRC proto-oncogene converts it into oncogene that leads to colorectal cancer.

1. Which data set has the least sample standard deviation? Data set (ii), because it has more entries
that are close to the mean. Data set (i), because it has more entries that are farther away from the
mean Data set (iii), because it has less entries that are farther away from the mean How are the
data sets the same? How do they differ? The three data sets have the same mean and mode but
have different medians and standard deviation The three data sets have the same mean median
and mode but have different standard deviations. The three data sets have the same mode but
have different standard deviations and means. The three data sets have the same standard
deviations but have different means.
Solution
d) the data set have same SD but have different mean