2. Mining
• The extraction of valuable minerals or other
geological materials from the earth from an
orebody, lode, vein, seam, or reef, which
forms the mineralized package of economic
interest to the miner.
• Ores recovered by mining include metals,
coal and oil shale, gemstones, limestone, and
dimension stone, rock salt and potash, gravel,
and clay.
3. Pros of Mining
• it brings in large amount of profits for the companies
doing the mining. It also provides employment for
people who are unemployed in the mining regions.
• Mining for gold, coal and other ores are valuable
because they are useful in manufacturing useful
consumer products.
• The country will also benefit from the taxes being paid
by the companies conducting the mining excavations.
4. Cons of Mining
• Deforestation
• Pollution
• environmental degradation
• soil erosion
• destruction of natural habitats for wild animals
6. What is Asbestos?
Asbestos is a group
of minerals with
thin microscopic
fibers. These
fibers are
resistant to heat,
fire, and
chemicals and do
not conduct
electricity,
asbestos has
been mined and
used widely in
the construction,
automotive, and
other industries.
7. When does Asbestos Become a
Health Issue?
• If asbestos itself and products containing
asbestos are disturbed, the tiny fibers are
released into the air. When they are
breathed in, they can become trapped in the
lungs and stay there for many years. Over
time these fibers can accumulate and lead to
serious health problems.
8. The problem includes:
• Asbestosis
An inflammatory
condition of the lungs.
• Mesothelioma
a rare cancer that affects
the lining of the lungs,
chest cavity, or abdomen
9. • Pleural Plaques
Pleural plaques occur
when fibrosis is
localized in a specific
region of the lung.
Plaques are a
distinctive feature of
asbestos exposure
that cause functional
impairment.
10. • Bronchogenic lung
cancer
Bronchogenic lung
cancer is brought
about through
interstitial pulmonary
fibrosis, which then
becomes malignant
when the body’s
autoimmune defenses
break down .
11. Pathways of Asbestos
• Exposure to asbestos fibers occurs
through ingestion, skin contact and
inhalation.
12. How can exposure to asbestos be
reduced?
• Safety and Health Administration
should enforce regulations related to
mine safety. Workers should use all
protective equipment provided by
their employers and follow
recommended workplace practices
and safety procedures. For example, -
approved respirators that fit properly
should be worn by workers when
required.
