give knowledge regarding hyperthyroidism

1. HYPERTHYROIDISM

2. DEFINITION
 Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which your
thyroid creates and releases more hormones than
you need. This is also called overactive thyroid.
The main hormones your thyroid makes include
triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
 According to the National Institutes of Health
(NIH), the recommended daily dose of iodine is
about 150 micrograms (mcg).

3. FUNCTION
The thyroid gland plays a big part in many of
body’s main functions, including:
 Regulating your body temperature.
 Controlling your heart rate.
 Controlling your metabolism (the process that
transforms the food you put in your body into
energy that helps your body function).

4. RISK FACTORS FOR HYPERTHYROIDISM
 Having a family history of thyroid disease.
 Having a medical history that includes conditions
like pernicious anemia, Type 1
diabetes and primary adrenal insufficiency
(Addison’s disease).
 Having a lot of iodine (a mineral that your body
uses to make thyroid hormones) in your diet.
 Being pregnant

5. CAUSES HYPERTHYROIDISM
 Graves’ disease
 Thyroid nodules
 Thyroiditis
 Consuming excess iodine

6. SYMPTOMS OF HYPERTHYROIDISM
 Rapid heartbeat (palpitations).
 Feeling shaky and/or nervous.
 Weight loss
 Increased appetite.
 Diarrhea and more frequent bowel movements.
 Vision changes.
 Thin, warm and moist skin.
 Menstrual changes

7. CONTI….
 Intolerance to heat and excessive sweating.
 Sleep issues.
 Swelling and enlargement of the neck from an
enlarged thyroid gland (goiter).
 Hair loss and change in hair texture (brittle).
 Bulging of the eyes (seen with Graves’ disease).
 Muscle weakness.

8. HYPERTHYROIDISM DIAGNOSED
 A physical exam of your neck to see if your
thyroid is larger than normal.
 Blood tests to look for high levels of thyroid
hormone in your body.
 Imaging tests to look at your thyroid.

9. IMAGING TESTS
 Radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) test
 Thyroid scan
 Thyroid ultrasound

10. MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT
 Antithyroid drugs methimazole (Tapazole)
or propylthiouracil (PTU)
 Radioactive iodine
 Surgery (thyroidectomy)
 Beta blockers

11. RISKS TO HYPERTHYROIDISM TREATMENTS
 Medication side effects
 Radioactive materials
 Surgery

12. IF HYPERTHYROIDISM IS LEFT UNTREATED
Hyperthyroidism can impact many parts of
your body. Different systems, ranging from your
vascular system (heart) to your skeletal system
(bones) can all be affected if you have an
overactive thyroid.

13. COMPLICATIONS FROM UNTREATED OR
UNDERTREATED HYPERTHYROIDISM INCLUDE
 Atrial fibrillation
 Stroke
 Congestive heart failure
 Osteoporosis

14. PREVENTION
 If your provider or dietician has recommended a
low-iodine diet, try to avoid the following seafood
and seafood additives:
 Fish.
 Seaweed.
 Crab.
 Lobster.
 Sushi.
 Prawns.
 Algae.

15. CONTI….
 Alginate.
 Nori.
 Kelp.
Other foods have high amounts of iodine, including:
 Milk and dairy products.
 Cheese.
 Egg yolks.
 Iodized salt.