LIFE CYCLE , DISEASE CAUSE BY Echinococcus granulosus

1. echinococcus granulosus Anand Gurmaita

2. INTRODUCTION
Echinococcus granulosus, also called the hydatid worm, hyper
tape-worm or dog tapeworm.
Echinococcus granulosus (sensu lato) causes cystic echinococcosis
and is the form most frequently encountered.

4. Life Cycle

5. 1. The adult Echinococcus granulosus (sensu lato) (2—7
mm long) resides in the small intestine of the definitive
host.
2. Gravid proglottids release eggs that are passed in the
feces, and are immediately infectious.
3. After ingestion by a suitable intermediate host, eggs
hatch in the small intestine and release six-hooked
oncospheres that penetrate the intestinal wall and
migrate through the circulatory system into various
organs, especially the liver and lungs.

6. 4. In these organs, the oncosphere develops into a
thick-walled hydatid cyst that enlarges gradually,
producing protoscolices and daughter cysts that fill
the cyst interior.
5. The definitive host becomes infected by ingesting the
cyst-containing organs of the infected intermediate
host. After ingestion, the protoscolices evaginate,
attach to the intestinal mucosa , and develop into
adult stages in 32 to 80 days.

8. SYMPTOMS OF ECHINOCOCCOSIS
• Pain in the upper right part of the abdomen (liver cyst)
• Increase in size of the abdomen due to swelling
(liver cyst)
• Bloody sputum (lung cyst)
• Chest pain (lung cyst)
• Cough (lung cyst)
• Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) when cysts break
open.

9. RADIOGRAPH
Cystic mass; walls occasionally calcified; rim often enhances with IV
contrast
Daughter cysts

10. PREVENTION OF ECHINOCOCCOSIS
Cystic echinococcosis is controlled by preventing transmission of the
parasite.
Prevention measures include limiting the areas where dogs are
allowed and preventing animals from consuming meat infected with
cysts.
Prevent dogs from feeding on the carcasses of infected sheep.
Control street dog populations.

11. TREATMENT OF ECHINOCOCCOSIS
Chemotherapy, cyst puncture, and PAIR (percutaneous aspiration,
injection of chemicals and reaspiration) have been used to replace
surgery as effective treatments for cystic echinococcosis.
However, surgery remains the most effective treatment to remove
the cyst and can lead to a complete cure.

12. THANK YOU