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- 2. Tobacco Let’s Talk About It!
- 3. Give One – Get One • Give one: What do you already know about tobacco? • Get one: What new information would you like to get out of today’s discussion?
- 4. What is Tobacco? • Tobacco is a plant - also known as Nicotiana tabacum • Naturally contains over 2,500 chemicals - one of them being nicotine • When the tobacco plant is ripe, leaves are harvested, dried, fermented and aged • Processed leaves are now ready to be used in tobacco products
- 5. Sacred Tobacco Commercial Tobacco • Naturally grown • Gift from the creator • Used in ceremony, prayer and rituals for thousands of years. • Can have spiritual, cultural and medicinal purposes • Manufactured by the tobacco industry (AKA “Big Tobacco”) • Made with harmful chemical additives • Used for recreation • Sold for-profit - only benefits tobacco companies
- 6. Tobacco Products • Smoked tobacco products • Cigarette • Cigar, Cigarillo and little cigars • Pipe • Waterpipe / Hookah • Smokeless tobacco products • Chew • Snus • Snuff • Heated tobacco products
- 8. MYTH OR FACT? Chewing tobacco is safer than smoking tobacco. MYTH FACT
- 9. Smokeless ≠ Harmless • Chewing tobacco may not produce smoke but it doesn’t mean it’s harmless: o Contains over 3000 chemicals, 28 are known to cause cancer o Higher levels of nicotine than cigarettes o Use can lead to: • Heart problems • Stomach problems • Tooth and gum problems • White patches or sores in the mouth • Addiction to nicotine
- 10. MYTH OR FACT? Using chewing tobacco enhances sport performance. MYTH FACT It does not make you a better athlete
- 11. MYTH OR FACT? Cigars are not safer than cigarettes. MYTH FACT
- 12. FACT: Cigars are NOT safer • Exposure to toxins and chemicals is for a longer period of time • More tar than a cigarette • Increased risk of: o Cancer – lung, mouth, throat o Gum disease and tooth loss o Heart disease o Lung disease
- 13. MYTH OR FACT? Smoking doesn’t hurt anyone else but me. FACT MYTH
- 14. Second-Hand Smoke • Contains over 7000 chemicals, 69 are known to cause cancer • There is no safe level of second-hand smoke; everyone is at risk even if you don’t smoke Unborn babies Infants and children Adults Pets
- 15. Tobacco and the Environment
- 16. FACT MYTH OR FACT? Hookah’s are definitely a safer option than smoking, the water filters out all the toxins. MYTH
- 17. Hookah ≠ Safer • Water does not filter out toxins • Has the same health effects as cigarettes • It can be addictive • Produces second-hand smoke with the same toxins as cigarettes: o BUT higher carbon monoxide levels o Inhale 100-200 X’s more smoke than 1 cigarette in a 1hour hookah session
- 18. Hookah’s can = disease Sharing a hookah with others (even friends / family) can spread the following disease(s): o Hepatitis o Flu o Meningitis o TB o All of the above
- 19. MYTH OR FACT? The health effects of using and being exposed to heated tobacco products are currently unknown. FACT MYTH At this point, we do not know the health effects of heated products and there is no evidence to prove they are less harmful.
- 20. MYTH OR FACT? It’s the other chemicals in tobacco products and the smoke that are harmful - nicotine is nothing to worry about. FACT MYTH
- 21. Nicotine and the Brain Nicotine during “construction” can: • risk for mood disorders later on • risks for addiction and further substance use • Harm the part of the brain that helps to focus and learn • Sensitive to the rewarding effects of nicotine The brain is still “under construction” until ~ age 25
- 22. FACT MYTH OR FACT? Smoking kills 5 times more Canadians each year than traffic injuries, alcohol abuse, murder and suicide combined. MYTH Tobacco is one of the only products when used as instructed kills 50% of its’ long-term users!
- 23. MYTH OR FACT? It is illegal to sell tobacco to youth under 19 but it is ok to give them tobacco. FACT MYTH It is illegal for anyone to give tobacco to youth < 19
- 24. Brainstorm: How do you think the tobacco industry markets its products?
- 25. … Big Tobacco targets YOU Potential new users (AKA YOU) are targeted / “recruited” by: o Packaging o Flavours o Advertising and promotional activities
- 26. FACT MYTH OR FACT? It’s never too late to quit. MYTH
- 28. Smoke-Free Act, 2017 • Cannot sell or supply tobacco products to anyone under 19 years of age • Prohibited to sell, distribute or offer to sell or distribute flavoured tobacco products • Cannot smoke tobacco in the following places: • On hospital and other health care facilities grounds • In child care facilities / daycares • Enclosed workplaces and workplace vehicles • Enclosed public places • Common areas in condos, apartment buildings or university / college residences • In a vehicle with anyone > 16 years of age • Reserved outdoor seating venues
- 29. • Cannot smoke tobacco in any of the following places: • On school property and public areas within 20m of the perimeter of the grounds • Public areas within 20m of the perimeter of the grounds of a Community recreational facilities • On restaurant and bar patios and public areas within 9m of the restaurant or bar patio • On and within 20 metres of children’s playgrounds, sports fields and spectator areas etc. Smoke-Free Act, 2017, continued…
- 30. How would you protect yourself?
- 31. Protect yourself and others… • Avoid places where people are smoking • Make your home and car smoke-free • Kindly asking people to not smoke around you and in places where they are not supposed to • If you see someone smoking illegally, contact your local Public Health Unit
- 32. Questions?
Editor's Notes
- This presentation will provide foundational knowledge regarding tobacco and current issues in the world of tobacco control. We will start by reviewing what tobacco is, look at tobacco statistics in youth, learn about current tobacco products, and explore the marketing tactics used by the tobacco industry to sell its deadly products. References https://pixabay.com/en/meeting-talk-entertainment-together-1020166/
- OPTIONAL ACTIVITY Let’s get an idea of what you already know and what you would like to get out of today’s talk Participants should pair up with a partner to complete this activity Have each participant share a “give-one” with their partner One piece of information they already know about tobacco. Have each participant share a “get-one” with their partner One new piece of information they would like to learn today Ask if any pairs would like to share with the larger group
- Before we go any further, it is important to note: For many Indigenous communities across Canada, tobacco is considered sacred or traditional It has been used in ceremony, prayer and rituals for thousands of years. It has unique meaning and significance for different Indigenous groups and can have spiritual, cultural and medicinal purposes such as: Communicating with the creator and spirit world Seeking guidance Giving thanks Healing and protection Commercial tobacco is manufactured by Big Tobacco companies and meant for Recreational use Sold for-profit Only benefits tobacco companies Contains thousands of chemicals and is harmful for your health The distinction between sacred tobacco and commercial tobacco is significant to make. Throughout this presentation it is important to keep in mind that we are discussing commercial tobacco
- Most people are familiar with cigarettes but tobacco can also be: Smoked in cigarette, cigars, cigarillos, little cigars, pipes or in a waterpipe / hookah Chewed or sniffed in the form of smokeless tobacco. Heated in the form of sticks, pods, capsules
- Tobacco is a plant and has been around for years… let’s test your knowledge and see what you know!
- Contains over 3000 chemicals with 28 known to cause cancer Higher levels of nicotine than cigarettes - 3-4 X’s the amount of nicotine in a cigarette is absorbed 30 minutes with an average sized dip can give you up to as much as 3 cigarettes 8-10 dips /day = same amount of nicotine as 30-40 cigarettes /day Can lead to negative physical effects such as: Heart problems Stomach problems Tooth and gum problems White patches or sores in mouth High sugar content can lead to dental caries and increased gingival recession
- Often it is thought that smokeless tobacco or chewing tobacco is beneficial to sports performance. However, chew does not enhance sport performance it actually can hurt your performance. Use of chewing tobacco : Increases your heart rate Causes high blood pressure Leads to irregular heartbeats Can cause dizziness Slows reaction time Make you tire quicker Increases chances of heart attack or stroke in the long-term
- Due to the way that a cigar is smoked, i.e. smoked for a longer period of time, cigar users are exposed to toxins and chemicals for a longer time Cigars can contain anywhere between 1 -20g of tobacco, the more gram of tobacco, the more tar, therefore a cigar can have more Even if you don’t “inhale” there is still a risk: Cigar users are still exposed to toxic chemicals on their lips, mouth, tongue throat etc. Increased risk of: Cancer – lung, mouth, throat Gum disease and tooth loss Heart disease Lung disease
- Most are aware that smoking can cause many negative health effects to the tobacco users BUT it’s not just the smoker that is affected. Second hand-smoke contains over 7000 chemicals, 69 of these are known to cause cancer and can also be harmful to those around you causing a lot of the same problems as of smoking in those that don’t smoke: Unborn babies: Affect the baby’s organs and nervous Affect how the baby grows and leads to low birth weight Increase in the chance of miscarriage, still birth and problems with the placenta Infants and children: Increased risk of dying from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) More frequent middle ear infections and lower respiratory infections Greater chance of developing asthma and allergies Can get sick more often Can make asthma and breathing problems worse It’s possibly linked in children to: Lymphoma Leukemia Liver cancer Brain tumors Adult: Increased risk of heart disease, lung cancer, and pre-menopausal breast cancer Early death Damage to the lungs, heart blood vessels and circulation Pets: In addition to inhaling the chemicals, chemicals also settle on the fur and the pet ingests them while grooming At risk of certain types of cancers such as leukemia, nasal cancer and lung cancer Allergies Cigarette butts can be toxic to dogs and other wildlife animals Pets can get nicotine poisoning from eating cigarette butts; ingesting as few as 3-4 butts can harm or even kill a dog
- Tobacco is also harmful to the environment
- Often it is thought that a hookah is safer than smoking however this is not the case. The water in a hookah doesn’t filter out bad chemicals 2. Same health effects as cigarettes Contains many chemicals known to cause cancer, heart disease, lung disease, respiratory illness, low birth weight and gum disease 3. It can be addictive If the shisha that is burned contains tobacco then it contains nicotine and like cigarettes it can be addictive If the shisha is non-tobacco, e-nicotine could sometimes be added to the blend 4. Produces Second-Hand Smoke Both tobacco and herbal shisha can produce toxic chemicals such as carbon monoxide, ultrafine particles and aldedhydes Not only does the shisha give off chemicals, but so does the burning charcoal it can produce very high levels of carbon monoxide, heavy metals and cancer causing chemicals. Acute CO poisoning has happened
- Part of the appeal for youth is that the waterpipe is usually smoked in groups or social gatherings. Yet, quite often the same mouthpiece is shared and not cleaned properly which puts individuals at risk of diseases like hepatitis, herpes, meningitis, tuberculosis and the flu.
- Up until about ~ approximately 25 the brain is “under construction” and as it develops, it naturally prunes (or takes out) connections that we don’t use often and strengthens the connections we do use often. When nicotine or other drugs are introduced at this critical time in brain development, it can disrupt the way these connections are made. During development the young brain is more susceptible to nicotine than adults and once exposed to nicotine it can change the brain and “rewire it”. Youth are then at risk of: Likelihood of addiction, being heavier smokers and having a harder time quitting as an adult Risk for addiction and other substance use, including use of combustible nicotine – they may “seek out nicotine” as their addiction grows Risks for mood disorders later on such as depression and anxiety Affects the part of the brain related to focus and learning May have reduce impulse control
- Smoking kills more than five times the number of Canadians who die from traffic injuries, alcohol abuse, murder and suicide combined. Thousands are diagnosed with tobacco related illnesses each year, yet tobacco remains the most preventable cause of premature death and disease in Canada.
- It is illegal for anyone to give or “supply” tobacco to youth under the age of 19 is doesn’t matter the age of the person supplying or even if it is parent This means that if an 18 year old gives tobacco to a 16 year old – it is illegal If a parent or family member gives tobacco to their under 19 child – it is illegal
- OPTIONAL ACTIVITY – depending on time Because of the strict laws and regulations around advertising in the tobacco industry, Big Tobacco has had to come up with creative and sneaky ways to promote its products Brainstorm ways you think the tobacco industry tries to sell its products
- Tobacco use kills 1 in every 2 people. As a result, the tobacco industry has to replace the customers losing their lives to tobacco use. Who do they turn to? YOUTH. The tobacco industry uses aggressive marketing strategies to make tobacco products appealing and attractive to youth, making it appear mainstream and socially acceptable Listed are examples of strategies used by the industry to market its products. Packaging: The tobacco industry purposefully creates and designs its product and packaging to appeal to youth. The size of packaging, colours used, font, images, flavours are all designed to hook youth Flavours: In Ontario, a lot has been done to get rid of flavoured tobacco products but the industry still tries to find ways to get around it. As of January 1st, 2016 it is prohibited to sell, distribute or offer to sell or distribute flavoured tobacco products. As of January 1st, 2017 clove and menthol flavoured tobacco products are illegal Advertising and promotional activities – tobacco use in movies and video games, creative branding, in print materials etc. “The evidence is sufficient to conclude that advertising and promotional activities by the tobacco companies cause the onset and continuation of smoking among adolescents and young adults.” (US Surgeon General’s Report, 2014)
- The benefits of quitting happen almost immediately. Within 20 minutes of quitting, your heart rate and blood pressure decrease. Within 2 weeks, your circulation and lung function improves. Within 1 year the risk of heart attack dramatically decreases. Within 10 years, the risk of dying from lung cancer is reduced to 50% that of a person who smokes.
- The benefits of quitting happen almost immediately. Within 20 minutes of quitting, your heart rate and blood pressure decrease. Within 2 weeks, your circulation and lung function improves. Within 1 year the risk of heart attack dramatically decreases. Within 10 years, the risk of dying from lung cancer is reduced to 50% that of a person who smokes.
- Hospitals and other health care facilities Prohibited on hospital grounds Child care facilities and related places You cannot smoke or vape in the entire premise of any child care centre or place that provides an early years program or service. Places providing home child care must be smoke-free and vape-free at all times, even if children are not present. This includes any outdoor spaces that children use. Reserved outdoor seating venues You cannot smoke in the reserved seating area of outdoor sports arenas or entertainment venues. The legislation does not address general admission areas.
- Review and brainstorm adaptive coping strategies that can be used by students in making decisions about their health. Examples can include: refusal, assertiveness, persuasion skills, stress management, time management, education and information seeking Discuss protective factor with students. Examples can include: support from family, friends, positive self-image, self-control, problem solving skills, alternative coping strategies, good health, physical activity