In this presentation, we cover the growth and experience of the AWS User Group Singapore. The second half covers the use of Amazon Lex to augment User Group activities This was originally delivered at JAWSDAYS 2017 Tokyo:- http://jawsdays2017.jaws-ug.jp/session/1337/ Engage your users with a natural language conversational interface using voice and text. You will learn how to: – Create a chat bot to understand your users’ intentions and fulfil their requests. – Engage in a conversation to extract key pieces of data from the user – Fulfil the users’ intentions with AWS Lambda functions – Integrate with Facebook Messenger

1. © 2016, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
Alex Smith – Amazon Web Services
Jo-Anne Tan – Gowild.sg
JAWS DAYS 2017
Singapore AWS User Group
Amazon Lex

2. AWS User Groups

3. AWS User Groups – ASEAN
ASEAN
10 Member States
• SG, TH, VN, ID, PH, MY,
MM, KH, LA, BN
https://aws.amazon.com/usergroups/

4. AWS User Groups – ASEAN
Jakarta (Indonesia)
Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
Manila (Philippines)
Singapore
Bangkok (Thailand)
Hanoi (Viet Nam)
https://aws.amazon.com/usergroups/

5. AWS User Group - Singapore
The “Little Red Dot”
5.75 Million
• 3.9m Citizen/PR
• 1.6m Other
!= China

6. AWS User Group - Singapore
4 Languages (-and more)
Asia Pacific Hub
“Kiasu”

8. Restarted regular meetings

9. Restarted regular meetings
Passed 1000 members
(2016-01-08)

10. Restarted regular meetings
Passed 1000 members
(2016-01-08)
Changed to a better quality pizza
shop

11. What worked well
Regularity of meetings
Good venue & AV
Engineers.sg

12. Engineers.sg
• Oct 2013 – PHP UG
• >1200 videos
• 40 Strong Team
• More info:
https://alexjs.co/engineers
http://engineers.sg

13. What worked well
Regularity of meetings
Good venue & AV
Engineers.sg

14. What worked well
Regularity of meetings
Good venue & AV
Engineers.sg
Beer

15. What didn’t work well
AWS driven group
Huge variance in talk quality
Attendance/RSVP discrepancy

16. What’s next?

17. AWS User Group SG links:
https://www.facebook.com/groups/awsugsg/
https://www.meetup.com/AWS-SG/
https://engineers.sg

18. What didn’t work well
AWS driven group
Huge variance in talk quality
Attendance/RSVP discrepancy

19. Attendance vs RSVP Discrepancy
User intent vs intended usage
The trash can analogy
Reduce the effort to comply

20. Amazon Lex

21. Why Did We Build
Amazon Lex?

22. Advent of Conversational Interactions
1st Gen:
Punch Cards & Memory Registers
2nd Gen:
Pointers & Sliders
3nd Gen:
Conversational Interfaces

23. Conversational Access
On-Demand
Accessible
Efficient
Natural

24. Conversational Access
On-Demand
Accessible
Efficient
Natural

25. Developer Challenges
Speech
Recognition Language
Understanding
Business Logic
Disparate
Systems
Authentication
Messaging
platforms
Scale Testing
Security
Availability
Mobile
Conversational interfaces need to combine a large number of
sophisticated algorithms and technologies

26. Amazon Lex: New service for building
conversational interfaces using voice and
text

27. Amazon Lex - Features
Text and Speech language understanding: Powered by the same technology as
Alexa
Enterprise SaaS Connectors: Connect to enterprise systems
Deployment to chat services
Designed for Builders: Efficient and intuitive tools to build
conversations; scales automatically
Versioning and alias support

28. Text and Speech Language Understanding
Speech
Recognition
Natural Language
Understanding
Powered by the same Deep Learning technology as Alexa

29. Amazon Lex – Use Cases
Informational Bots
Chatbots for everyday consumer requests
Application Bots
Build powerful interfaces to mobile applications
• News updates
• Weather information
• Game scores ….
• Book tickets
• Order food
• Manage bank accounts ….
Enterprise Productivity Bots
Streamline enterprise work activities and improve efficiencies
• Check sales numbers
• Marketing performance
• Inventory status ….
Internet of Things (IoT) Bots
Enable conversational interfaces for device interactions
• Wearables
• Appliances
• Auto ….

30. Amazon Lex - Benefits
High quality Text and Speech Language
Understanding
Built-in integration with the AWS platform
Seamlessly deploy and scale
Easy to use
Cost effective

31. Lex Bot Structure
Utterances
Spoken or typed phrases that invoke
your intent
BookHotel
Intents
An Intent performs an action in
response to natural language user input
Slots
Slots are input data required to fulfill the
intent
Fulfillment
Fulfillment mechanism for your intent
User input Response

32. Lex Bot Structure: Utterances
Attend the user group
Come to the meet up
User inputs:
I want to come to the next
meetup
Could I attend the next user
group please
Maps to RegisterUserForEvent intent
RegisterUserForEvent intent
UTTERANCES

33. Lex Bot Structure: Utterances
Attend the user group on
{eventDate}
Come to the meet up on
{eventDate}
User inputs:
I want to come to the next
meetup on 12 March 2017
Could I attend the user group
tomorrow please
Maps to RegisterUserForEvent intent;
eventDate=2017-12-03
RegisterUserForEvent intent
UTTERANCES
SLOTS
eventDate AMAZON.DATE
SLOT NAME SLOT TYPE

34. Lex Bot Structure: Fulfilment
RegisterUserForEvent
eventDate=2017-03-12
SLOT
INTENT
AWS Lambda Integration
Intents and slots
passed to AWS
Lambda function for
business logic
implementation.
Return to Client

35. Lambda input event
{
...,
"invocationSource": "FulfillmentCodeHook or DialogCodeHook",
"userId": "user-id",
"bot": {...},
"outputDialogMode": "Text or Voice”,
"currentIntent": {
"name": "intent-name",
"slots": {
"slot-name": "value",
"slot-name": "value",
"slot-name": "value"
},
"confirmationStatus": "None, Confirmed, or Denied"
}
}

36. Lambda response object
{
...,
"dialogAction": {
"type": "ElicitIntent, ElicitSlot, ConfirmIntent, Delegate, or Close",
"fulfillmentState": "Fulfilled or Failed",
"message": {
"contentType": "PlainText or SSML",
"content": "message to convey to the user"
},
"intentName": "intent-name",
"slots": {
"slot-name": "value",
"slot-name": "value",
"slot-name": "value"
},
"slotToElicit" : "slot-name",
}

37. Response card
{
...,
responseCard: {
"version": 1,
"contentType":
"application/vnd.amazonaws.card.generic",
"genericAttachments": [
{
"title": "Flowers",
"subTitle": “Pick a flower”,
"imageUrl: "…",
"buttons": [
{"text": "tulips","value": "tulips"},
{"text": "lilies","value": "lilies"},
{"text": "roses","value": "roses"}
]
}
]
}
Pick a flower

38. “Attend an Event”
Attend event
12 March
“Attend the event on
12 March”
Automatic Speech
Recognition
Natural Language
Understanding
Intent/Slot
Model
Utterances
“You are now confirmed for the
next event on 12th March”
Polly
the
on RegisterUserForEvent
eventDate
SLOT
INTENT
Validate
eventDate
slot value
“You are now confirmed for the
event on 12th March”
Update DB

39. “Attend an Event”
Attend event
12 March
“Attend the event on
12 March”
Automatic Speech
Recognition
Natural Language
Understanding
Intent/Slot
Model
Utterances
“You are now confirmed for the
next event on 12th March”
Polly
the
on RegisterUserForEvent
eventDate
SLOT
INTENT
Validate
eventDate
slot value
“You are now confirmed for the
event on 12th March”
Update DB

40. “Attend an Event”
Attend event
12 March
“Attend the event on
12 March”
Automatic Speech
Recognition
Natural Language
Understanding
Intent/Slot
Model
Utterances
“You are now confirmed for the
next event on 12th March”
Polly
the
on RegisterUserForEvent
eventDate
SLOT
INTENT
Validate
eventDate
slot value
“You are now confirmed for the
event on 12th March”
Update DB

41. “Attend an Event”
Attend event
12 March
“Attend the event on
12 March”
Automatic Speech
Recognition
Natural Language
Understanding
Intent/Slot
Model
Utterances
“You are now confirmed for the
next event on 12th March”
Polly
the
on RegisterUserForEvent
eventDate
SLOT
INTENT
Validate
eventDate
slot value
“You are now confirmed for the
event on 12th March”
Update DB

42. Event Manager Bot: Flow of Information
GetUpcomingEvent
INTENT
GetUpcomingEventAgenda
eventDate
SLOT
INTENT
RegisterUserForEvent
eventDate
SLOT
INTENTList summary of all events
Show details for event on
{eventDate}
Register user for event on
eventDate}

43. Event Manager Bot: Flow of Information
GetUpcomingEvent
INTENT
GetUpcomingEventAgenda
eventDate
SLOT
INTENT
RegisterUserForEvent
eventDate
SLOT
INTENT
Do you want to hear
more?
YES
NO
“Okay. Bye!”
?

44. Thank You!
http://aws.amazon.com/lex