Summarize the basic concepts of how lidar (laser scanning) and Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry generate point cloud data. Also, describe two scenarios (e.g. time, location, area of data collection, etc.) that would be advantageous to data collection using each method respectively. These methods are commonly used with data collected using airplanes or UAVs. but can also be used with data collected on the ground or from vehicles. Feel free to conceptualize this assignment with any data collection platforms. Solution LIDAR, which stands for Light Detection and Ranging, is a surveying method that measures distance to a target by illuminating that target with a laser light. These light pulses,combined with other data recorded by the system, generate precise, three-dimensional information about the shape of the Earth and its surface characteristics.When a laser is pointed at a targeted area on the ground, the beam of light is reflected by the surface it encounters. A sensor records this reflected light to measure a range. When laser ranges are combined with position and orientation data generated from integrated GPS , scan angles and calibration data, the result is a dense, detail-rich group of elevation points, called a \"point cloud\". Each point in the point cloud has three-dimensional spatial coordinates (latitude, longitude, and height) that correspond to a particular point on the Earth\'s surface from which a laser pulse was reflected. Structure from motion (SfM) is the photogrammetric range imaging technique for creating three- dimensional models of a feature or topography from overlapping two-dimensional photographs taken from many locations and orientations to reconstruct the photographed scene. Lidar is advantageous :- SfM is advantageous:-.

1. Summarize the basic concepts of how lidar (laser scanning) and Structure from Motion (SfM)
photogrammetry generate point cloud data. Also, describe two scenarios (e.g. time, location, area
of data collection, etc.) that would be advantageous to data collection using each method
respectively. These methods are commonly used with data collected using airplanes or UAVs.
but can also be used with data collected on the ground or from vehicles. Feel free to
conceptualize this assignment with any data collection platforms.
Solution
LIDAR, which stands for Light Detection and Ranging, is a surveying method that measures
distance to a target by illuminating that target with a laser light. These light pulses,combined
with other data recorded by the system, generate precise, three-dimensional information about
the shape of the Earth and its surface characteristics.When a laser is pointed at a targeted area on
the ground, the beam of light is reflected by the surface it encounters. A sensor records this
reflected light to measure a range. When laser ranges are combined with position and orientation
data generated from integrated GPS , scan angles and calibration data, the result is a dense,
detail-rich group of elevation points, called a "point cloud". Each point in the point cloud has
three-dimensional spatial coordinates (latitude, longitude, and height) that correspond to a
particular point on the Earth's surface from which a laser pulse was reflected.
Structure from motion (SfM) is the photogrammetric range imaging technique for creating three-
dimensional models of a feature or topography from overlapping two-dimensional photographs
taken from many locations and orientations to reconstruct the photographed scene.
Lidar is advantageous :-
SfM is advantageous:-